A Comprehensive Guide to the World of K-151 Series Carburettors

Iyo K-151 carburetor yePekar chirimwa (yaimbova Leningrad carburetor chirimwa) yakagadzirirwa kuiswa pane ina-cylinder mota injini YuMZ neZMZ, pamwe neUZAM.

Kugadziriswa kwakasiyana kwecarburetor kwakasiyana mune seti yejeti uye, maererano, mazita emavara. Nyaya yacho ichakurukura zvakadzama mudziyo "151st", magadzirirwo ayo uye kubvisa marudzi ose malfunctions.

Chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda, dhayagiramu

Iyo carburetor yakagadzirirwa yakakwirira-chaiyo dosing yemusanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta uye kugovera kwayo kunotevera kune masilinda ejini.

Iyo K-151 carburetor ine 2 migero yakafanana iyo mweya wakanatswa unopfuura kubva kune sefa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane rotary throttle (damper). Kutenda kune iyi dhizaini, iyo carburetor inonzi maviri-chamber. Uye iyo throttle actuator inogadzirwa nenzira yekuti, zvichienderana nekuoma kweiyo accelerator pedal inotsikirirwa (kureva, shanduko mumaitiro ekushanda einjini yekupisa mukati), yekutanga damper inovhura nenguva yakafanira, uyezve yechipiri.

Pakati pemugero wega wega wemhepo pane maconstriction akafanana nekoni (diffusers). Mhepo inopfuura nepakati pavo, saka mafuta anoyamwa kuburikidza nemajeti ekamuri yekuyangarara.

Mukuwedzera, iyo carburetor ine zvinotevera zvikamu:

1. inoyangarara michina. Yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza mafuta anogara aripo mukamuri yekuyangarara.
2. Iyo huru dosing masisitimu emakamuri ekutanga uye echipiri. Yakagadzirirwa kugadzirira uye dosing yemusanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta ekushanda kweinjini munzira dzakasiyana siyana.
3. Iyo system haina basa. Yakagadzirirwa kumhanyisa injini pane yakagadzikana shoma yekumhanya. Inosanganisira ma nozzles akasarudzwa uye nzira dzemhepo.
4. shanduko system. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo kamera yekuwedzera inobatidzwa zvakanaka. Inoshanda mune yekuchinja modhi pakati pekuita uye yakakwira injini kumhanya (apo iyo throttle isingasviki hafu yakavhurika).
5. Boot mudziyo. Yakagadzirirwa kufambiswa kwekutanga kweinjini munguva inotonhora. Nekudhonza tsvimbo yekusveta, tinoshandura damper yemhepo mukamuri yekutanga. Saka, chiteshi chakavharwa uye iyo inodiwa vacuum inogadzirwa kuti iwedzere kupfumisa yemusanganiswa. Muchiitiko ichi, throttle valve inovhura zvishoma.
6. Accelerator pombi. Chigadzirwa chekupa mafuta chinobhadhara kugoverwa kwemusanganiswa unopisa kumasilinda apo throttle inovhurwa kamwe kamwe (apo mhepo inoyerera nokukurumidza kupfuura musanganiswa).
7. Ecostat. Dosing system yekamuri yekusanganisa yechipiri. Uyu muromo wehuni umo mafuta ekuwedzera anopihwa kukamuri pane yakavhurika throttle (apo mhepo inoyerera mu diffuser yakanyanya). Izvi zvinobvisa musanganiswa wakaonda pakumhanya kweinjini.
8. Economizer valve (EPKhH). Inotarisira kudzima mafuta ekugovera kune carburetor mukumanikidzwa idle (PHX) mode. Kudikanwa kwaro kunobatanidzwa nekuwedzera kwakasimba kweCO (carbon oxides) mumagasi emhepo kana mota yabhurwa neinjini. Izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda kweinjini.
9. Yakamanikidzwa crankcase ventilation system. Kuburikidza naro, magasi ane muchetura kubva ku crankcase haapinde mumhepo, asi mumhepo sefa. Kubva ipapo, vanopinda mu carburetor nemhepo yakanatswa yekuzosanganisa nemafuta. Asi iyo sisitimu haina kuita basa nekuti hapana akakwana vacuum paramita yekuyamwa. Naizvozvo, bazu duku rokuwedzera rakaumbwa. Iyo inobatanidza iyo crankcase yekubuda kune iyo nzvimbo kuseri kwecarburetor throttle, uko yakanyanya vacuum inoshandiswa.

Pazasi pane dhayagiramu yakadzama yeK-151 carburetor ine zviratidzo:

Nzira yekugadzira nemaoko ako

Kuti ugadzirise iyo K-151 carburetor, iwe unozoda inotevera shoma seti yezvishandiso:

• flat uye Phillips screwdrivers;
• rule;
• cavernometer;
• kugadzirisa uye kuchera probes (d = 6 mm);
• pombi yematayi

Kuti ubvise carburetor, iwe unozoda kuvhurika-kumagumo wrenches kana mabhokisi emagetsi saizi 7, 8, 10 uye 13.

Usati wagadzirisa, bvisa chikamu chepamusoro che carburetor, chichenese kubva kune tsvina uye soot. Panguva ino, unogona kutarisa huwandu hwemafuta mukamuri yekuyangarara. Izvi zvichakurukurwa zvakadzama pazasi.

Bvisa carburetor chete kana zvakakodzera! Kuvhuvhuta nemhepo yakamanikidzwa uye kuputika hakubvisi mhedzisiro yekuvharika kwemagedhi uye kusvibiswa kwemajeti (channel).

Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti isina kusvibiswa carb inoshanda pamwe chete neyakachena zvakakwana. Nhengo dzinofamba dzinozvichenesa, tsvina haipindi mukati. Nokudaro, zvinowanzodiwa kuchenesa carburetor kubva kunze, munzvimbo umo zvidimbu zvakakura zvetsvina zvinonamatira kune zvikamu zvinofamba (mune lever mechanism uye mumutambo wekutanga).

Tichafunga nezve disassembly yechidimbu chechigadziro nezvose zvinogadziriswa uye gungano rinotevera.

Kubvisa uye disassembly algorithm

Nhanho-ne-nhanho algorithm yekubvisa uye disassembling iyo K-151 carburetor:

• vhura chivharo chemotokari uye bvisa imba yekusefa yemhepo. Kuti uite izvi, sunungura uye bvisa chivharo chepamusoro, uye ipapo chinhu chesefa. Nekiyi gumi, sunungura nzungu nhatu dzinobata imba yekusefa woibvisa;

• buritsa ipulagi kubva kuEPHX microswitch;

• tabvisa mahosi ese netsvimbo, nekiyi ye13 isu tinosunungura 4 nzungu dzinobatanidza carburetor kune yakawanda. Iye zvino tinobvisa carburetor pachayo. Zvakakosha! Zviri nani kuti utarise hoses uye majoini usati waabvisa, kuti pasave nechinhu chinosanganiswa panguva yekuungana kwavo;

• bvisa carburetor. Isu tinosunungura 7 fixing screws ne screwdriver uye tinobvisa chivharo chepamusoro, tisingakanganwi kusunungura mhepo damper drive tsvimbo kubva kune lever;

• geza carburetor neanokosha yekuchenesa mumiririri. Nezvinangwa izvi, peturu kana parafini yakakodzerawo. Manozzles anofuridzirwa nemhepo yakamanikidzwa. Isu tinotarisa kuvimbika kwegaskets, kana zvichidikanwa, shandura ivo kune zvitsva kubva pakugadzirisa kit. Attention! Usashamba carburetor nemishonga yakasimba, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukuvadza diaphragm uye zvisimbiso zverubha;
• paunenge uchibvisa carburetor, unogona kugadzirisa chigadzirwa chekutanga. Kana iyo isingashande nemazvo, zvichave zvakaoma kutanga injini mukutonhora kwemamiriro okunze. Tichazotaura nezvegadziriro iyi gare gare;
• screw the carburetor pamwe chete neiyo yepamusoro cap. Isu tinobatanidza iyo block ye microswitches uye ese waya anodiwa.

Kana iwe ukangoerekana wakanganwa kuti ndeipi hose yekunamatira kupi, isu tinokurudzira kushandisa inotevera chirongwa (yeiyo ZMZ-402 injini):

4- yakakodzera kusveta vacuum mune vacuum ignition timing controller (VROS); 5-vacuum suction inokodzera kuvharuvhu yeEPHH; 6 - crankcase gasi kutora kukodzera; 9-nipple kusarudzwa kwevacuum kune EGR valve; 13 - kukodzera kugovera vacuum kune EPCHG system; 30 migero yekubvisa mafuta; 32 - chiteshi chekupa mafuta.

Kune injini yeZMZ 406, iyo yakakosha K-151D carburetor inopiwa, iyo isina nhamba yakakodzera 4. Basa rekuparadzira rinoitwa nemagetsi otomatiki pressure sensor (DAP), iyo yakabatanidzwa nehose kune yakawanda yekutora, apo inoverenga vacuum parameters kubva kune carburetor. Zvikasadaro, kubatanidza hoses pa 406 injini hakuna kusiyana nedhayagiramu iri pamusoro.

Maitiro ekugadzirisa float chamber mafuta level

Iyo yakajairika mafuta mwero weK-151 carburetors inofanira kunge iri 215mm. Tisati tayera, tinopomba huwandu hunodiwa hwepeturu mukamuri tichishandisa lever yepombi yemaoko.

Iyo nhanho inogona kuongororwa pasina kubvisa kumusoro kwecarburetor (ona mufananidzo uri pamusoro). Panzvimbo peiyo plug yekudonha yekamuri yekuyangarara, iyo yakakodzera ine M10 × 1 shinda inoputirwa pairi, inopenya hose ine dhayamita ingangoita 9 mm yakabatana nayo.

Kana iyo nhanho isiri iyo, sunungura iyo carburetor chivharo kuti uwane kupinda mukamuri yekuyangarara. Paunenge uchingobvisa chikamu chepamusoro, pakarepo uenzanise chiyero nehupamhi hwejeji (kubva kune ndege yepamusoro ye carburetor kusvika kumutsara wemafuta). Chokwadi ndechekuti peturu inoputika nekukasira pakubata nemhepo, kunyanya mukupisa.

Imwe nzira yekudzora nhanho ndeyekuyera chinhambwe kubva kumusoro kwendege yekamuri yekubatanidza kune inoyangarara pachayo. Inofanira kunge iri pakati pe10,75-11,25 mm. Muchiitiko chekutsauka kubva pane iyi parameter, nyatsokotamisa rurimi (4) mune imwe nzira kana imwe. Mushure mekukotama kwega kwega rurimi, peturu inofanirwa kudonhedzwa kubva mukamuri, yozozadzwazve. Saka, kuyerwa kwemafuta emafuta kuchave kwakanyatso kurongeka.

Mamiriro akakosha ekushanda kweiyo mafuta level control system ndeyekutendeseka kwerubha chisimbiso mhete (6) pane inokiya tsono, pamwe nekusimba kwekuyangarara.

Trigger kugadzirisa

Usati watanga kugadzira chigadziro chebhoti, unofanira kunyatsozviziva nemudziyo wako uye dunhu.

Adjustment algorithm:

1. Paunenge uchishandura throttle lever, panguva imwe chete fambisa choke lever (13) kusvika painoenda kunzvimbo yekuruboshwe. Isu tinogadzirisa netambo kana tambo. Nekubatsirwa kwekugadzirisa probes, tinoyera kusiyana pakati pe throttle uye rusvingo rwekamuri (A). Inofanira kunge iri pakati pe 1,5-1,8 mm. Kana iyo gaka isingaenderane neyakajairwa, isu tinosunungura lock nut nekiyi ku "8" uye ne screwdriver, kushandura screw, isa gap rinodiwa.
2. Tinoenderera mberi nekugadzirisa urefu hwetsvimbo (8). Inobatanidza iyo trigger control cam uye choke control lever. Paunenge uchisunungura musoro wakagadzirwa 11 (mune shanduro dzekutanga dze carburetor), gap (B) pakati pemakumbo 9 ne6 inotarwa yakaenzana ne 0,2-0,8 mm.
3. Muchiitiko ichi, lever 6 inofanira kubata antennas 5. Kana zvisina kudaro, sunungura screw uye shandura lever 6 kuruboshwe kusvikira yamira neantennas emakumbo maviri-ruoko (5). Paanononoka modhi carburetors, gap (B) inoiswa nekusunungura sikuruu inochengetedza shangu kuti cam 13 uye kuisimudza kumusoro nedzinde, uye nekuomesa sikuruu.
4. Pakupedzisira, tarisa gap (B). Wanyura tsvimbo 1, isa 6 mm chibooreso mugero rinobuda (B) (kutsauka kwe ± 1 mm kunobvumidzwa). Kana iyo isingapindi mugomba kana kuti idiki kwazvo, nekusunungura screw 4 uye kufambisa iyo-yemaoko lever, tinowana iyo inodiwa clearance.

Vhidhiyo inooneka pakumisikidza yekutanga ye carburetor yeiyo itsva K-151 modhi:

Kugadzirisa iyo idle system

Idling inogadziriswa inoitwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakagadzikana kweinjini ine zvishoma zvemukati zvinokuvadza kabhoni oxides (CO) mumagasi emhepo. Asi sezvo vasiri vose vane gasi analyzer iripo, tachometer inogonawo kugadziriswa, zvichienderana nemanzwiro ako kubva injini.

Kutanga, tinotanga injini uye toidziya (iyo screw yehuwandu 1 inoputirwa munzvimbo inopokana). Bvisa mhando screw shank plug 2, kana iripo.

Zvakakosha! Iyo choki inofanira kuvhurika panguva yekugadziriswa kusina basa.

Mushure mekudziya nekudziya screw, tinowana nzvimbo iyo injini yekumhanyisa ichave yakanyanya (zvishoma uye injini inomira).

Tevere, uchishandisa iyo screw, wedzera kumhanya neinenge 100-120 rpm pamusoro pekumhanya kusina basa mumirairo yefekitari.

Mushure meizvozvo, iyo yemhando screw inosimbiswa kusvika kumhanya kudonha kusvika 100-120 rpm, ndiko kuti, kune yakatarwa fekitori mwero. Izvi zvinopedzisa kugadzirisa kusina basa. Zviri nyore kudzora kuyerwa uchishandisa iri kure yemagetsi tachometer.

Paunenge uchishandisa gasi analyzer, kutonga (CO) mumagasi emhepo haifaniri kudarika 1,5%.

Isu tinopa kune iwe kutarisisa kwako inonakidza, uye inonyanya kukosha vhidhiyo vhidhiyo, iyo iri nyore kugadzirisa isina basa kumhanya pane carburetor chero shanduko yeK-151:

Kukanganisa uye kubviswa kwavo

Kutonhora kweiyo economizer dzimba

Iyo K-151 carburetor pane dzimwe injini ine isingafadzi chimiro. Mumamiriro ekunze asina kunaka emvura, musanganiswa wemafuta mu carburetor inoshingairira pamadziro ayo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehupamhi hwepamusoro mumatanho asina basa (musanganiswa unofamba nekukurumidza, izvo zvinokonzera kudonha kwekushisa uye kuumbwa kwechando). Chekutanga pane zvese, iyo economizer muviri inotonhora, sezvo mhepo inopinda mucarburetor kubva pano, uye chikamu chekupfuura chenzira pano ndicho chakamanikana.

Muchiitiko ichi, kungopa mweya unopisa kumhepo sefa kunogona kubatsira.

Iyo dhiramu yehose yekupinda mhepo inogona kukandwa yakananga mune yakawanda. Kana kuti gadzira iyo inonzi "brazier" - shield yekupisa yakagadzirwa nesimbi yesimbi, iyo iri pamapombi ekupedza uye iyo iyo mhepo yemhepo yemhepo yakabatana (ona Fig.).

Zvakare, kuti tideredze njodzi yedambudziko rekuomesa economizer, takadziya injini kusvika kune tembiricha yekushandisa ye60 degrees tisati tafamba. Kunyangwe iyo insulating gasket pane injini, iyo carburetor ichiri kugamuchira kumwe kupisa.

Flange kupfeka

Nenguva zhinji disassembly uye kubviswa kwe carburetor, pamwe chete nesimba rakawandisa paunenge uchisimbisa flange kune injini, ndege yayo inogona kukanganisa.

Kushanda neflange yakakanganisika kunokonzera kubuda kwemhepo, kubuda kwemafuta uye zvimwe zvakakomba mhedzisiro.

Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Asi iyo yakapfava uye yakachipa ndiyo inotevera nzira:

1. Isu tinopisa ndege ye carburetor flange ine gasi rinopisa. Kutanga, bvisa zvose zvikamu uye zvikamu zve carburetor (zvishandiso, levers, nezvimwewo).
2. Isa kamuri yekuyangarara panzvimbo yakati sandara.
3. Pangosvika iyo carburetor ichidziya, tinoisa gobvu, kunyange chidimbu checarbide pamusoro peflange. Isu takarova chikamu kwete zvakanyanya, nguva imwe neimwe tichichirongazve munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Chaizvoizvo, iyo bend muflange inoenda kumucheto, munzvimbo yemabhoti maburi.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwekugadzirisa matomu, tinokurudzira kuona vhidhiyo inonakidza:

Kuti udzivise kuwedzera kukotama kweflange, ingoisimbisa zvakaenzana kamwe chete pamota uye usaibvise zvakare. Sezvatakaona kare, carburetor inogona kucheneswa uye kugadziriswa pasina kuibvisa kubva injini.

Kuchinja

Iyo K-151 carburetor yakaiswa zvakanyanya pamotokari dzine ZMZ uye YuMZ injini dzine huwandu hwe2,3 kusvika 2,9 malita. Paivawo nemhando dze carburetor yeinjini diki UZAM 331 (b) -3317. Tsamba yekududza pamutumbi wecarburetor inoreva kuve werimwe boka reinjini, zvichienderana neiyo parameter yejeti.

Calibration data kune ese magadzirirwo eK-151 carburetor

Tafura inoratidza kuti pane gumi nemana zvakagadziridzwa zvakazara, zvinonyanya kufarirwa ndeizvi: K-14S, K-151D uye K-151V. Mienzaniso inotevera haina kunyanya kuwanda: K-151E, K-151Ts, K-151U. Zvimwe zvinogadziridzwa hazviwanzo.

K-151S

Iyo yakanyanya kugadziridzwa yakajairwa carburetor ndeye K-151S.

Iyo accelerator pombi atomizer inoshanda mumakamuri maviri panguva imwe chete, uye dhayamita yediki diffuser inoderedzwa ne6mm uye ine dhizaini nyowani.

Ichi chisarudzo chakabvumira kuwedzera simba remotokari neavhareji ye7%. Uye kuwirirana pakati pemhepo uye throttle valves ikozvino kuenderera mberi (ona mufananidzo uri pasi apa). Iyo choke inogona kuvhurwa pasina kudzvanya accelerator pedal. Zvitsva zvimiro zve dosing nozzles zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuzadzisa izvo zvazvino zvinodikanwa zvezvakatipoteredza zviyero.

K-151S Carburetor

K-151D

Iyo carburetor yakaiswa paZM34061.10 / ZM34063.10 injini, umo iyo ignition angle inodzorwa nehuropi hwemagetsi.

Mugoveri akatsiviwa neDBP, iyo inoverenga maparamendi eiyo exhaust gasi kuora mwoyo kubva kune exhaust manifold, saka K-151D haina vacuum sampling mudziyo pane vacuum ignition controller.

Nechikonzero chimwe chete, hapana EPHX microswitch pane carb.

K-151V

Iyo carburetor ine float chamber imbalance valve ine solenoid valve. Kuseri kwekamuri kune kusungirirwa kune iyo hose yeventilation yakabatanidzwa. Paunongodzima moto, iyo electromagnet inovhura kupinda mukamuri, uye yakawandisa peturu mhute inopinda mumhepo, nekudaro kuenzana kudzvanywa.

Kudiwa kwehurongwa hwakadaro kwakasimuka nekuda kwekuiswa kwecarburetor pamhando dzeUAZ kunze kwenyika, dzakapihwa kune nyika dzine mamiriro ekunze anopisa.

Solenoid vharafu yekusadzikamisa kamuri yekuyangarara K-151V

Iyo carburetor haina yakajairwa mafuta ekuburitsa uye vacuum inopa kune EGR valve. Kudiwa kwavo kuchaonekwa pane gare gare carburetor modhi ine yakajairwa mafuta bypass system.

Summing up

Iyo K-151 carburetor yakazvimisikidza seyakavimbika, isingaremekedzi uye iri nyore kushanda. Zvose zvinoputsika uye zvikanganiso mairi zvinobviswa nyore nyore. Mukugadziridzwa kwazvino, zvikanganiso zvese zvemamodheru apfuura zvakabviswa. Uye kana iwe ukaimisa nemazvo uye kutarisa mamiriro emhepo sefa, "151" haizokunetsi iwe kwenguva yakareba.