Nhoroondo yemota brand Lada

Nhoroondo yemoto Lada mota yakatanga neyakakura mota chirimwa OJSC Avtovaz. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvirimwa zvikuru zvekugadzira mota muRussia neEurope. Nhasi, bhizinesi rinotongwa neRenault-Nissan naRostec. 

Munguva yekuvapo kwebhizimusi, angangoita mamirioni makumi matatu emota akaunganidzwa, uye huwandu hwemamodeli hwave kungangoita makumi mashanu. Kuvandudzwa uye kuburitswa kwemhando nyowani dzemotokari chaive chiitiko chikuru munhoroondo yekugadzirwa kwemotokari. 

Muvambi

Munguva dzeSoviet, pakanga pasina mota zhinji mumigwagwa. Pakati pavo paiva Pobeda uye Moskvich, izvo asingagoni kuwana mhuri dzose. Ehe, kugadzirwa kwakadai kwaidikanwa kwaigona kupa huwandu hunodiwa hwekutakura. Izvi zvakakurudzira vatungamiriri vebato reSoviet kuti vafunge nezvekugadzira hofori nyowani yeindasitiri yemotokari.

Musi waJuly 20, 1966, hutungamiriri hweUSSR hwasarudza kuti zvaive zvakafanira kuvaka fekitori yemotokari muTogliatti. Iri rakava zuva renheyo remumwe wevatungamiriri veRussia mota indasitiri. 

Kuti muchina wemotokari uoneke nekukurumidza uye utange kushanda nemazvo, hutungamiriri hwenyika hwakafunga kuti zvaifanirwa kukwezva nyanzvi dzekunze. Iyo yeItaly mota brand FIAT, inozivikanwa muEurope, yakasarudzwa seye chipangamazano. Saka, muna 1966 kunetsekana uku kwakaburitsa iyo FIAT 124, iyo yakagamuchira zita rekuti "Mota yeGore". Mucherechedzo wemota wakave hwaro hwakazove hwaro hweyekutanga mota dzemumba.

Chiyero chekuvakwa kweKomsomol kwechirimwa chaive chikuru. Kuvakwa kwechirimwa kwakatanga muna 1967. Zvishandiso zveiyo giant yeindasitiri itsva yakagadzirwa nevashandi ve844 mabhizinesi eUSSR uye 900 vatorwa. Kuvakwa kwemotokari yemotokari kwakapedzwa munguva yerekodhi - makore 3,5 panzvimbo yemakore matanhatu. Muna 6, motokari yemotokari yakabudisa 1970 motokari - VAZ 6 Zhiguli. 

Chiratidzo

Chiratidzo cheLada chakachinja nekufamba kwenguva. Yekutanga inozivikanwa vhezheni yakaonekwa muna 1970. Iyo logo yaive rook, iyo yakanyorwa senge tsamba "V", izvo zvaireva "VAZ". Tsamba yacho yaive mupentagon tsvuku. Munyori wechiratidzo ichi aive Alexander Dekalenkov, aishanda seyakavaka muviri. Gare gare. muna 1974, iyo pentagon yakava quadrangle, uye yayo tsvuku kumashure yakanyangarika, uye ikatsiviwa neimwe nhema. Nhasi uno chiratidzo chinoratidzika seichi: mune oval pane yebhuruu (yakajeka bhuruu) kumashure kune chikepe chesirivha muchimiro chetsika tsamba "B", yakavezwa nesirivha furemu. Iyi logo yakadzika midzi kubva muna 2002.

YeMotokari brand nhoroondo mumamodheru

Saka, yekutanga munhoroondo yemutungamiri weSoviet plant yakabuda motokari "Zhiguli" VAZ-2101, iyo yakagamuchirawo zita rokuti "Kopeyka" pakati pevanhu. Dhizaini yemotokari yakanga yakafanana neFIAT-124. Chinhu chakasarudzika chemotokari yaive iyo ruzivo rwekugadzirwa kwemumba. Maererano nenyanzvi, yakanga ine misiyano ye800 kubva kune imwe nyika yemuenzaniso. Yakanga yakashongedzerwa nemadhiramu, kucheneswa kwevhu kwakawedzerwa, zvikamu zvakadai semuviri uye kumiswa zvakasimbiswa. Izvi zvakabvumira motokari kuti ienderane nemamiriro emugwagwa uye kuchinja kwekushisa. Motokari yakanga ine injini ye carburetor, ine sarudzo mbiri dzesimba: 64 uye 69 horsepower. Kukurumidza iyo muenzaniso uyu inogona kukura kusvika 142 uye 148 km / h, ichikurumidza kusvika kune zana makiromita mumasekonzi asingasviki makumi maviri. Chokwadi, motokari yaida kuvandudzwa. Iyi motokari yakaratidza kutanga kweClassic series. Kusunungurwa kwaro kwakaramba kuchienderera mberi kusvika muna 20. Pakazara, munhoroondo yekubudiswa kwemotokari iyi, inenge mamiriyoni mashanu sedan mune zvose zvinogadziriswa zvakaputika kubva pamutsetse wegungano.

Yechipiri motokari - VAZ-2101 - yakaonekwa muna 1972. Yaiva kopi yemazuva ano yeVAZ-2101, asi kumashure-gumbo. Mukuwedzera, trunk yemotokari yave yakawanda.

Panguva imwecheteyo, pamusika paive nemhando ine simba Vaz-2103, iyo yakanga yatotumirwa kunze kwenyika uye yakatumidzwa zita rekuti Lada 1500. Iyi mota yaive neinjini ye1,5-litre, kugona kwayo kwaive 77 emabhiza. Iyo mota yakakwanisa kumhanyisa kusvika pa152 km / h, ndokusvika 100 km / h mukati memasekonzi gumi nematanhatu. Izvi zvakaita kuti mota ikwikwidze mumusika wekunze. Hunde yemota yakachekwa nepurasitiki, uye kuputirwa neruzha kwakaunzwawo. Mumakore gumi nemaviri ekugadzirwa kweVAZ-16, mugadziri akagadzira zvinopfuura mamirioni 12 mota.

Kubvira muna 1976, Togliatti Automobile Plant yakabudisa mhando itsva - VAZ-2106. anonzi "nhanhatu". Motokari iyi yakave yakakurumbira panguva yayo. Injini yemotokari yaiva 1,6-litita, simba raiva 75 horsepower. motokari yakagadzira kumhanya kusvika ku152 km / h. "Nhanhatu" yakagamuchira hutsva hwekunze, kusanganisira zviratidzo zvekutendeuka, pamwe chete negrill yemhepo. Chinhu chemuenzaniso uyu kwaiva kuvapo kwechidhiraivho-chakaiswa mhepo yekuwachisa, pamwe nearamu. Paive zvakare neakaderera brake fluid level indicator, pamwe nedashboard lighting rheostat. Mukugadzirisa kunotevera kwe "nhanhatu", pakanga patova neredhiyo, mwenje wemhute, uye heater yehwindo rekumashure.

Inotevera yakakurumbira mota yakagadzirwa neTogliatti chirimwa yaive Vaz-2121 kana Niva SUV. Muenzaniso wacho waive wemavhiri ese, yaive neinjini ye1,6-litre uye chassis yefuremu. Iyo gearbox yemotokari yave ina-kumhanya. Mota yakave yekunze. 50 muzana yezvikamu zvakagadzirwa zvakatengeswa pamusika wekunze. Muna 1978 muBrno pachiratidziro chepasi rose iyi modhi yakaonekwa seyakanakisa. Uye zvakare, iyo VAZ-2121 yakaburitswa mune yakasarudzika vhezheni ine 1,3-litre injini, uye neruoko-rwerudyi drive kunze kwenyika shanduro yakaonekwawo.

1979 kusvika 2010 AvtoVAZ yakaburitsa VAZ-2105. Imotokari yakava mutsivi weVAZ-2101. Kubva pane iyo modhi nyowani, iyo VAZ-2107 uye VAZ-2104 ichazoburitswa.

Imotokari yekupedzisira kubva kumhuri ye "Classic" yakaburitswa muna 1984. Yaiva Vaz-2107. Misiyano kubva kuIV-2105 yaive mumarambi, mabumpers erudzi nyowani, grill yemhepo uye hood. Pamusoro pezvo, chigaro chemotokari chave kunyatsogadzikana. Imotokari yakanga yakagadzirirwa dashibhodhi yakagadziridzwa, pamwe chete nechando chemhepo deflector.

Kubvira muna 1984, VAZ-210 Samara yakatanga, iyo yaiva hatchback yemasuo matatu. Iyo modhi yaive nechina-cylinder injini mune matatu vhoriyamu sarudzo - 1,1. .3 uye 1,5, inogona kuva jekiseni kana carburetor. mota yaive yekumberi. 

Iyo restyling yemhando yapfuura yaive Vaz-2109 "Sputnik", iyo yakagamuchira magonhi mashanu. Ichowo vhiri rekumberi rinotyaira mota.

Iwo maviri ekupedzisira mamodheru akatsungirira nemamiriro akashata emugwagwa.

Wokupedzisira womuenzaniso wenguva yeSoviet yaive Vaz-21099, yaive mana-masuo sedan. 

Muna 1995, AvtoVAZ yakabudisa yekupedzisira post-Soviet model - VAZ-2110, kana "gumi". Motokari yakanga iri muzvirongwa kubvira 1989, asi munguva dzakaoma dzedambudziko, zvakanga zvisingabviri kuisunungura. Motokari yakanga ine injini mumhando mbiri dzakasiyana: 8-valve 1,5-litre ine 79 horsepower kana 16-valve 1,6-litre ine 92 horsepower. Mota iyi yaive yemhuri yekwaSamara.

Kusvika pakuburitswa kweLADA Priora, mazhinji akaiswazve "makumi" nemitumbi yakasiyana-siyana akagadzirwa: hatchback, coupe uye chiteshi chengoro.

Muna 2007, motokari chirimwa akasunungura Vaz-2115, riri mana-musuo Sedan. Uyu ndiye VAZ-21099 mugamuchiri, asi atove akashongedzerwa neparadza, imwezve brake mwenje. Uye zvakare, iwo mabhomba akapendwa kuti aenderane neruvara rwemotokari, paive nemitsetse yakatsetseka, mambure matsva. Pakutanga, mota yaive ne 1,5 uye 1,6 litre carburetor injini. Muna 2000, motokari yakanga re-vakapakata simba chikwata pamwe multipoint mafuta jekiseni.

Muna 1998, maminivans ekugadzirwa kwepamba akatanga kugadzirwa - VAZ-2120. Iyo modhi yaive nepuratifomu yakarebesa uye yaityaira mavhiri ese. Zvisinei, muchina wakadaro wakanga usiri mukudiwa uye kugadzirwa kwawo kwakaguma.

Muna 1999, muenzaniso unotevera wakaonekwa - "Lada-Kalina", iyo yakagadzirwa kubvira 1993. Pakutanga, kutanga kwakaitika nemuviri wehatchback, ipapo sedan uye station wagon zvakasunungurwa. 

Chizvarwa chinotevera chemota dzeLada-Kalina chakagadzirwa kubva muna Chikunguru 2007. Iye zvino Kalina aive neinjini ye1,4-litre ine mavhavha gumi nematanhatu. MunaGunyana, mota yakagamuchira ASB system. Iyo mota yaigara ichichinjwa.

Kubva 2008, makumi manomwe neshanu muzana emasheya eAvvaVAZ anga ari eRenault-Nissan. Kwapera gore, mota fekitori yakasangana nematambudziko emari, kugadzirwa kwakadzikiswa nekaviri. Sekutsigirwa kwenyika, mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nemashanu ema ruble akagoverwa, uye mhando yemabhizimusi eTogliatti yakaverengerwa muchirongwa chehurumende chekutsigira mitengo yezvikwereti zvemotokari. Renault panguva iyoyo akapa kupa Lada, Renault uye Nissan motokari pahwaro zvebhizimisi. Muna Zvita 75, mubatanidzwa pakati peRenault nekambani yehurumende Rostec yakasikwa, iyo yava neinopfuura 2 muzana yezvikamu zveAVVAVAZ.

Chivabvu 2011 yakaratidzirwa nekuburitswa kwebhajeti mota LADA Granta, yaive yakavakirwa pamota yeKalina. Kudzoreredza nemuviri wekusimudza wakatanga muna2013. Iyo mota yaive neinjini yepeturu ine jekiseni remafuta, huwandu hwayo huri 1,6 litita. Muenzaniso unoratidzwa mumatanho matatu emagetsi: 87, 98, 106 bhiza. Mota yakagashira otomatiki gearbox.

Muenzaniso unotevera ndiLada Largus. Iyo mota inogadzirwa mumatatu matatu: cargo van, station wagon uye wagon ine yakawedzera kugona. Nzira mbiri dzekupedzisira dzinogona kuva 5 kana 7-seater. 

Nhasi mutsara weLada une mhuri shanu: iyo Largus chiteshi chengoro, iyo Kalina liftback uye sedan, uye matatu kana mashanu-musuwo 4x4 modhi. Yese michina inoenderana nemitemo yekuEurope yezvakatipoteredza. Mhando nyowani dziri kugadzirirwa kuburitswa.