Variable valve nguva. Ndezvipi zvinobatsira? Chii chinoputsika?
Kugara vharafu nguva pamusoro pese injini yekumhanyisa renji imhinduro yakachipa asi isingashande. Phase shanduko ine zvakawanda zvakanaka.
Mukutsvaga mikana yekuvandudza piston, ina-stroke mukati memoto injini, vagadziri vanogara vachiunza mhinduro nyowani dzekuvandudza masimba, kuwedzera iyo inobatsira yekumhanya nhanho, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kuderedza kupera simba. Mukurwira kukwidziridza maitiro ekupisa mafuta, mainjiniya akamboshandisa nguva yevharuvhu kuti agadzire injini dzinoshanda uye dzinoenderana nemhoteredzo. Zvidzoreso zvenguva, izvo zvakavandudza zvakanyanya maitiro ekuzadza nekuchenesa nzvimbo iri pamusoro pepistons, zvakaratidza kuva shamwari dzakanaka dzevagadziri uye dzakavhura mikana mitsva zvachose kwavari.
Mumagadzirirwo emhando yepamusoro pasina kushandura nguva yevharuvhu, mavharuvhu ejini yechina-stroke anovhura nekuvharika zvinoenderana neimwe kutenderera. Kutenderera uku kunodzokororwa nenzira imwechete chero bedzi injini iri kushanda. Muchikamu chese chekumhanya, kana chinzvimbo checamshaft (s), kana chinzvimbo, chimiro uye nhamba yekamera pane camshaft, kana chinzvimbo uye chimiro chemaoko e rocker (kana akaiswa) anoshanduka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nguva dzakanakisa dzekuvhura uye kufamba kwevharuvhu kunongoonekwa pane yakatetepa rpm renji. Uye zvakare, iwo haaenderane neakanyanya kukosha uye injini inomhanya zvishoma. Saka, nguva yevharuvhu yefekitari ndeyekukanganisa kunosvika kure kana injini iri kushanda zvakanaka asi haigone kuratidza kugona kwayo kwechokwadi maererano nekuchinja, kushanduka, kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kubuda kwemhepo.
Kana zvinhu zvikaunzwa mune iyi yakagadziriswa, yekukanganisa sisitimu inobvumira kushandura maparamita enguva, ipapo mamiriro achachinja zvakanyanya. Kuderedza nguva yevhavha uye kusimudza kwevhavha munzvimbo yakaderera uye yepakati yekumhanya, kurebesa nguva yevhavha uye kuwedzera kukwidziridzwa kwevhavha muhupamhi hwekumhanya, pamwe nekudzokorora "kupfupisa" kwevhavha yenguva nekumhanya kunosvika kusvika pakakwirira, inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya spidhi renji pane iyo vharafu yenguva paramita yakanakira. Mukuita, izvi zvinoreva torque yakawanda pazasi revs (zviri nani injini kuchinjika, kukurumidza kukurumidza pasina kudzika), pamwe nekuwana yakanyanya torque pamusoro pehupamhi rev rev. Naizvozvo, munguva yakapfuura, mune zvehunyanzvi zvehunyanzvi, iyo torque yakakura yakabatanidzwa kune chaiyo injini kumhanya, uye ikozvino inowanzo kuwanikwa mune imwe yekumhanyisa renji.
Kugadzirisa nguva kunoitwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Kufambira mberi kwegadziriro kunotsanangurwa nekugadzirwa kwevariator, i.e. Executive element ine basa rekuchinja paramita. Mumhinduro dzakanyanya kuoma, ndiyo yose sisitimu inodzorwa nekombuta, ichifunga nezvakawanda zvakasiyana. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nekuti iwe unofanirwa kushandura chete nguva yekuvhura yevhavha kana sitiroko yavo. Zvakakoshawo kuti shanduko dzacho dzakangoerekana dzaitika kana kuti zvishoma nezvishoma.
Mune iyo yakapfava system (VVT), iyo variator, i.e. iyo element inoita iyo angular displacement yecamshaft yakaiswa pane camshaft drive pulley. Pasi pesimba rekumanikidzwa kweoiri uye nekutenda kumakamuri akagadzirwa mukati mevhiri, iyo michina inogona kutenderedza hubhu ine camshaft yakaiswa mukati mayo inoenderana neiyo vhiri rekugara, iyo inoitwa neiyo nguva yekutyaira chinhu (cheni kana bhandi remazino). Nekuda kwekureruka kwayo, sisitimu yakadaro yakachipa zvakanyanya, asi haishande. Vaishandiswa, pakati pevamwe, Fiat, PSA, Ford, Renault uye Toyota mune mamwe mamodheru. Honda's (VTEC) system inopa mhedzisiro iri nani. Kusvika kune imwe rpm, mavharuvhu anovhurwa nemacam ane profiles anokurudzira kutyaira kwakatsetseka uye kwehupfumi. Kana imwe nhanho yekumhanya ikapfuudzwa, seti yemacams inochinja uye marever anodzvanya achipokana nemacams, izvo zvinobatsira kune ine simba kutyaira mitambo. Kushandura kunoitwa ne hydraulic system, chiratidzo chinopiwa nemagetsi controller. Iwo ma hydraulics ane basa rekuona kuti mavharuvhu maviri chete pacylinder anoshanda muchikamu chekutanga, uye ese mavharuvhu mana pacylinder muchikamu chechipiri. Muchiitiko ichi, kwete chete nguva dzokuzarura dzevhavha dzinoshanduka, asiwo sitiroko yavo. Mhinduro yakafanana kubva kuHonda, asi nekushanduka kwakatsetseka kwevhavha nguva inonzi i-VTEC. Honda-yakafuridzirwa mhinduro inogona kuwanikwa muMitsubishi (MIVEC) uye Nissan (VVL).
Zvakanaka kuziva: fake inopa. Kune scammers online! Kunobva: TVN Turbo / x-nhau
