Kangani uye nei uchifanira kushandura brake fluid. Uye zvakakodzera here?

Uchiri pasi pewaranti, waisambofunga nezvechinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza senge brake fluid. Asi pasina. Mushure mezvose, ndiye anoita kuti mabhureki emotokari ashande uye, pasina kuwedzeredza, hupenyu hwevanhu hunoenderana nehutano hwake uye huwandu.

Kangani iwe unofanirwa kushandura "brake"? Zvinoita here kusanganisa imwe ye "marudzi" ayo neimwe? Ini ndinofanira kuwedzera kumusoro kana kuita kutsiva kwakazara? Uye sei kuyera dhigirii ye "kupfeka" ye brake fluid? Kuti tinzwisise izvi zvakanyanya kupfuura zvine chekuita nenyaya, isu tinotanga tanzwisisa pfungwa uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi.

Brake fluid chikamu cheiyo brake system, nerubatsiro rweiyo simba rinogadzirwa mu master brake cylinder rinoendeswa kune mavhiri maviri.

Nekushanda kwakanaka kwemabhureki masisitimu, iyo fluid inofanirwa kunge iine huwandu hwezvivakwa zvinotsanangurwa munyika yedu neiyo interstate standard. Zvisinei, mukuita itsika kushandisa American quality standard FMVSS No. 116, iyo yakagadzirwa neUnited States Department of Transportation (United States Department of Transport). Ndiye iye akapa chirevo chechidimbu chinonzi DOT, chazova zita remhuri yebrake fluid. Iyi chiyero inotsanangura maitiro akadai sedhigirii re viscosity; kuvira kupisa; makemikari inertness kune zvinhu (e.g. rubber); corrosion resistance; kugara kwezvivakwa mumuganhu wekushanda tembiricha; mukana wekuzora zvinhu zviri kushanda zvakasangana; mwero wekutorwa kwemwando kubva mumhepo yakatenderedza. Maererano neFMVSS No. 116 muyero, sarudzo dzakasanganiswa dzebrake fluid dzakakamurwa kuva makirasi mashanu, rimwe nerimwe rakagadzirirwa rudzi rwakasiyana rwebasa uye kunyange rudzi rwemabhureki maitiro - disc kana dhiramu.

MINERAL NECASTOR

Hwaro hwebhureki fluid (kusvika 98%) ndeye glycol makomisheni. Mazuva ano mabhureki emvura anobva paari anogona kusanganisira kusvika gumi kana kupfuura zvikamu zvega, izvo zvinogona kubatanidzwa mumapoka mana makuru: lubricating (polyethylene uye polypropylene), izvo zvinoderedza kukwesha mukufamba kwezvikamu zvemabhureki; solvent / diluent (glycol ether), iyo iyo nzvimbo yekubikira yemvura uye viscosity yayo inoenderana; ma modifiers anodzivirira kuzvimba kwerubha zvisimbiso uye, pakupedzisira, inhibitors inorwisa ngura uye oxidation.

Silicone-based brake fluids inowanikwawo. Zvakanakira zvaro zvinosanganisira hunhu hwakadai sekemikari inertness kune akawanda zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakuvaka mota; yakafara yekushanda tembiricha siyana - kubva -100 ° kusvika +350 ° С; kusagadzikana kwe viscosity pakupisa kwakasiyana; low hygroscopicity.

Iyo mineral base muchimiro chemusanganiswa wemafuta emafuta ane madoro akasiyana-siyana parizvino haifarirwe nekuda kwehupamhi hwepamusoro uye yakaderera yekubikira. Zvisinei, yakapa mwero wakanakisisa wedziviriro; kuderera kwehasha kune pendi; yakanakisa lubricating zvivakwa uye isiri-hygroscopicity.

 

KUNYENGEDZA KUNE NJODZI

Vanhu vazhinji vanotenda kuti zvimiro zvebrake fluid hazvichinji panguva yekushanda, nekuti inoshanda munzvimbo yakavharwa. Uku kunyengedza kune ngozi. Paunodzvanya brake pedal, mweya unopinda mumakomba emuripo musystem uye brake fluid inotora hunyoro kubva mairi. Iyo hygroscopicity ye "bhureki", kunyangwe ichiva chinokanganisa nekufamba kwenguva, asi inofanirwa. Ichi chivakwa chinokutendera kuti ubvise madonhwe emvura mubhureki system. Kana yangove mairi, mvura inogona kukonzera ngura uye kutonhora pakudziya kwakaderera, izvo zvakanyanya kukusiya usina mabhureki munguva yechando, uye zvakanyanya zvinotungamira mukuora uye kugadzirisa kunodhura. Asi iyo mvura yakawanda inonyungudutswa mubhureki fluid, inodzikira nzvimbo yayo yekuvira uye yakakura viscosity pakudziya kwakaderera. Brake fluid ine 3% yemvura inokwana kudzikisa pairi kufashaira kubva pa230°C kusvika pa165°C.

Kupfuura chikamu chinotenderwa chekunyorova uye kudzikisa nzvimbo yekubikira kunogona kuzviratidza muchiratidzo chakadai sekutadza kumwe chete kweiyo brake system uye kudzoka kwayo kune kwakaringana kushanda. Chiratidzo chacho chine ngozi zvikuru. Inogona kuratidza kuumbwa kwevhavha yehuputi kana bhureki fluid ine hunyoro hwepamusoro ichipisa zvakanyanya. Kana mabhureki emvura ari kufashaira atonhorera pasi zvakare, mhute inodzokera kumvura uye mabhureki emota anodzoreredzwa. Izvi zvinonzi "zvisingaoneki" bhureki kukundikana - pakutanga haashandi, uye ipapo "kuuya kuupenyu". Ichi ndicho chikonzero chetsaona dzakawanda dzisingatsananguriki umo inspector anotarisa mabhureki, kwete mabhureki fluid, uye zvese zvinoita kunge zviri kushanda nemazvo.

Nguva yekutsiva brake fluid inoratidzwa mumirayiridzo yekushanda kwemotokari uye kazhinji inotangira pa1 kusvika kumakore matatu, zvichienderana nerudzi rwayo. Zvakakodzera kufunga nezvemaitiro ekutyaira. Kana mutyairi achiita nzendo kakawanda, zvinokosha kuverenga kwete nguva, asi mileage. Muchiitiko ichi, hupenyu hwemvura yakawanda ndeye 3 makiromita.

Sokutsanangura kunoita Alexander Nikolaev, nyanzvi yechiteshi chebasa cheTECHTSENTRIK, “kune vatyairi vazhinji zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa DOT4. Iyi koniyuta inouya pamotokari dzese dzeEurope kubva kumugadziri, nepo DOT5 ichishandiswa kutyaira zvine hukasha. Inotora mvura zvakanyanya, izvo zvinotungamirira mukuora. Mutyairi wepakati anofanirwa kushandura mvura pamakiromita makumi matanhatu ega ega kana makore maviri ega ega, vamhanyi vanoichinja pamberi pemujaho wega wega. Kutsiva kusingatarisirwe kweiyo brake fluid kunotungamira kupinda kwehunyoro, izvo zvinosanganisira kutadza kwemabrake cylinders uye caliper pistons. Nekuwedzera kwemutoro, kupisa kwekushisa kwemaitiro kunovhiringidzika, izvo zvichaita kuti mvura ibike. Iyo pedal icha "kunamira" (nekunyanya mukana kuti izvi zviitike munzvimbo dzine makomo kana panyoka), mabhureki disc "anotungamira" (deform), iyo ichakurumidza kuzviratidza mukurova vhiri mudhiraivha. .

UDA KUSATI KUDZADZWA, ASI KUCHINJWA

Imwe pfungwa isiriyo ine njodzi ndeyekuti iyo brake fluid haigone kuchinjwa zvachose, asi inongokwidziridzwa kumusoro sezvinodiwa. Muchokwadi, zvinodikanwa kugara uchiita kutsiva kwakazara kweiyo brake fluid nekuda kwayo, sezvatotaurwa, hygroscopicity. Yakasakara mabhureki fluid, kana yakasanganiswa nemvura itsva, haigone kuita kuchengetedza, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuora kwemukati memotokari, kunonoka mabhureki kupindura kune pedal input, uye vapor lock.

ASI KWETE MIX?

Nzira iri nyore yekusarudza brake fluid kuvimba nemhando. Ichi hachisi chinhu chinodhura zvakadaro kuchengetedza pachiri. Zvinoita here kuwedzera mvura, kusanganisa mhando dzakasiyana? Hapana mhinduro imwe chete kumubvunzo uyu. Nyanzvi dzinoverengeka dzinotenda kuti zvinogoneka, asi nekuzivikanwa kwechikamu chekutanga, vanokurudzira kunamatira kune zvigadzirwa zvekambani imwe. Kuti urege kupotsa, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti mhinduro nesilicone ichave ine chinyorwa Silicone base (DOT 5 silicone base); misanganiswa ine mineral components inosarudzwa seLHM; uye magadzirirwo ane polyglycols - Hydraulic DOT 5.

Bosch nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti brake fluid haifanirwe kungoshandurwa chete kana iine hunyoro hunodarika 3%. Zvakare zviratidzo zvekuchinja ndiko kugadziriswa kwemaitiro emabhureki kana kureba kwenguva refu yemuchina. Zvechokwadi, zvakakodzera kuichinja kana wakatenga motokari mumusika wechipiri.

Pamusoro pekutsiva nguva dzose, sarudzo yekushandura mvura inogona kuitwa nekuongorora dhigirii re "kupfeka uye kubvarura" uchishandisa nzira dzehunyanzvi dzinoona kuyerwa kwenzvimbo yekubikira uye chikamu chemvura. Iyo mudziyo - inogadzirwa nemakambani mazhinji, kunyanya Bosch, yakaiswa pane yekuwedzera tangi ye hydraulic brake system uye yakabatana nebhatiri remotokari. Iyo yakayerwa yekubikira poindi inofananidzwa neiyo shoma inotenderwa kukosha kune zviyero DOT3, DOT4, DOT5.1, pahwaro hwekuti mhedziso inoitwa nezve kudiwa kwekutsiva mvura.