Nzira yekuverenga sei kucherechedzwa kwemafuta einjini pasuru? Ziva kurongeka kwemafuta emota uye uone kuti viscosity giredhi ine mafuta emota

Injini yemafuta chinhu chakakosha chekushanda kwakakodzera kwemotokari. Iro rakatetepa remafuta rakazorwa mukati meinjini, iro basa guru nderekudzikisa kukweshera. Inoitawo basa mukutonhodza uye kuvhara dhiraivha. Tarisa kuti unoverenga sei injini mafuta mavara.

Mhando dzemafuta einjini

Mafuta emota akakamurwa kuita mhando nhatu huru. Zvichienderana nemafuta anoshandiswa, aya ndeaya: 

• Mafuta ekugadzira anogadzirwa nekubatanidza makemikari emakemikari. Hunhu hwavo hwakakwirira kudarika hwemamwe marudzi. Vanoita zvakanaka mukupisa kwepamusoro uye kwakaderera;
• mafuta akasanganiswa - anonziwo semi-synthetics. Izvo zvinogadzirwa pahwaro hwemafuta emaminerari, asi mafuta ekugadzira anowedzerwawo panguva yekugadzira maitiro;
• Mineral oiri inowanikwa kubva mukunatswa kwemafuta asina kuchena. Inoshandiswa mumhando dzemotokari dzekare.

SAE Viscosity Classification yeMota Mafuta

Iyo viscosity yeoiri yeinjini inosarudza kupokana uko imwe molekuru yeoiri inoyerera kuburikidza neimwe. Mumafuta ane viscosity yakaderera, anoyerera nyore nyore, uye mumafuta ane viscosity yakakwirira, anonyanya kuoma. Engine mafuta viscosity inotarwa pachiyero kubva ku0 (yakaderera viscosity) kusvika 60 (yakakwirira viscosity). Aya mazita emafuta einjini akagadzirwa neSAE (Society of Automotive Engineers). 

Muenzaniso weinjini oiri viscosity giredhi ndeye SAE 0W-40. Verenga seizvi:

• nhamba pamberi petsamba "W" inoratidza kuti mafuta anoramba sei kune tembiricha yakaderera; iyo yakaderera iyo, iyo yakaderera ambient tembiricha inogona kuva;
• nhamba inotevera inoratidza viscosity yemafuta pakupisa kukuru. Kukwira kwenhamba, kunowedzera tembiricha ye ambient iyo mota inogona kushanda pairi.

Injini yemafuta viscosity - tafura yezviyero

Iyo viscosity giredhi yeoiri yeinjini inobvumidza iwe kusarudza yakanakisa mhando yemvura yeinjini yako. Zvinoenderana nechikamu chemafuta emota, anogona kukamurwa kuita:

• winter;
• chirimo;
• mafuta emamiriro ekunze - zvino atsiviwa nemafuta emamiriro ekunze ese.

Iwo ekupedzisira anogadziriswa kushanda mumamiriro ekushisa akakwirira uye akaderera. 

Engine oiri yakatarwa - ndeipi yekusarudza?

Injini yemafuta paramita yakakosha pakushanda kwakaringana kwekutyaira. Mugadziri wemota yako anosarudza kuti ndeipi mafuta akakodzera modhi yako. Iyi ruzivo inogona kuwanikwa mubhuku rekushandisa. Ichi ndicho chinonyanya kukosha chiyero chinofanira kuteverwa pakusarudza mafuta ejini. Kana iwe uchitova neruzivo urwu, saka nerubatsiro rweinjini mafuta kunyora iwe uchasarudza chakakodzera chigadzirwa. 

Bhuku racho rinozokuudzawo kuti ndeipi chaiyo mafuta level iri mujini yako. Nenzira iyi unogona kufungidzira kuti yakawanda sei yaunoda kuwedzera.

SAE oiri yakatarwa - chii chinofanira kunge chiri yakanaka injini mafuta?

SAE injini oiri inofanirwa kusangana nemamiriro anotevera:

• kukwirira kwekupomba, izvo zvinoita kuti kukurumidza kuwana mafuta kune anogamuchira;
• high viscosity pakupisa kukuru;
• kutsungirira mumamiriro echando;
• yakanaka kinematic viscosity.

API uye ACEA injini yemafuta emhando yemhando. Nzira yekuverenga sei chiratidzo chemafuta einjini?

Pakati pemakaka emafuta einjini, iwe zvakare uchawana ruzivo nezve kunaka kwayo. Kana iwe uchida kuziva kana oiri yaunowana muchitoro yakanaka, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kuti uone kana ine API uye ACEA mavara. Kutenda kune izvi, iwe uchasarudza chigadzirwa neakanakisa parameters. 

Chii chinonzi API mhando yemhando

API imhando yemhando yemafuta yakaunzwa neAmerican Petroleum Institute. Kurongedzerwa kwechigadzirwa kunofanirwa kuratidza kuti kunoenderana nemaitiro akaiswa nesangano iroro. Iyi rondedzero yemafuta inoratidzwa nemabhii maviri:

• C - zvinoreva dizeli injini;
• S - peturu injini.

Tsamba yechipiri yeAPI inoenderana nemhando yemafuta. Kuwedzera kuderera kwealfabheti, ndiko kuwedzera kunaka:

• A kusvika J yeinjini dzedhiziri;
• A kusvika M kune peturu injini.

Mazuva ano, kunyange mafuta akachipa anosangana nezvinodiwa zveAPI. Naizvozvo, zvakakodzera kutarisa yakaparadzana ACEA mhando yemhando. 

Chii chinonzi ACEA mhando yemhando

Mafuta ane zita reACEA ane yakaderera madota emukati anovhara iyo DPF neFAP mafirita. Mazita emafuta emota eACEA anoratidza zvinodiwa nevagadziri vemotokari dzeEurope. Sangano rinoona kuti zvigadzirwa nazvo zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zveinjini. 

ACEA yakakamurwa kuita makirasi:

• A - peturu injini dzemotokari;
• B - dizeli injini dzemotokari uye minibus;
• C - motokari dzine magetsi anopedza gasi emazuva ano;
• E - marori ane dizeli injini.

Kirasi yega yega inopihwa nhamba iyo kukosha kwayo inosarudza zvakadzama zvinodiwa zveinjini chaiyo.

Kuve neruzivo rwekumaka kwemafuta einjini, iwe unofanirwa zvakare kutarisa kune bhuku rebasa kana bhuku rekushandisa. Ikoko iwe unowana ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pezvinodiwa zveiyi drive. Iye zvino unogona kuchinja mafuta zvakachengeteka!