Nzira yekusarudza matairi emotokari?

Kuchengetedzeka, kunyaradza, kubata uye patency yemota yako zvinoenderana nematairi akaiswa. Paunenge uchitenga matairi matsva, unofanirwa kufunga nezvekugadzirwa kwemotokari, mamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro emigwagwa munzvimbo iyo motokari ichashandiswa, pamwe chete nemaitiro ekufambisa.

Mavhiri ari pamotokari ndeapi? Matayi marudzi

Mamiriro ekunze uye kunaka kwemigwagwa kunotaridza kuti ndeupi rudzi rwematayi aunoda.

• Mugwagwa mukuru kana zhizha (HIGHWAY) - yekutyaira mumigwagwa yakavezwa mumamiriro ekunze akaoma uye anonaya mumwaka wekudziya. Hazvina kukodzera kushandiswa munguva yechando pamigwagwa yechando kana yechando.
• Chando (SNOW, MUD + SNOW, M+S) - ipa zvakanaka kubata chando nechando. Yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa mumamiriro ekunze ane chando.
• Zvose-mamiriro okunze (SEASON YESE kana ALL Weather) - zvinopesana nezita, ivo vakakodzera kunyanya mu-off-season. Inobvumirwa kuishandisa mumamiriro okunze anodziya, asi kwete kupisa, uye munguva yechando - nechando chiduku, asi chete mumugwagwa wakaoma, usina chando uye usina ice.
• High-speed (PERFORMANCE) - inoshandiswa kunyanya pamotokari dzemitambo uye motokari dzekirasi yepamusoro. Wedzera kubata uye kupa yakavimbika kubata pamusoro. Vane high thermal kugadzikana. Rutivi rwekumashure rwemari inokurumidza kupera uye kuwedzera kusagadzikana mumigwagwa yakaoma.
• All-season high-speed (ALL SEASON PERFORMANCE) - yakagadzirwa munguva pfupi yapfuura uye yakaonekwa pamusika makore mashomanana apfuura.

Zvichienderana nefuremu, matayi ndeaya:

• diagonal - zvirinani kupfavisa mitoro yekuvhunduka paunenge uchityaira mumigwagwa uine zvikanganiso zvidiki. Vane dhizaini iri nyore, asi yakaoma kugadzirisa;
• radial - inobata zviri nani pane diagonal. Aya matai zvakare ane huwandu hwekutakura mutoro, kumhanya kwepamusoro kwepamusoro, kuwedzera radial elasticity uye kushoma kupisa.

Zvinoenderana nenzira yekuvhara vhoriyamu yemukati:

• chamber - inosanganisira vhiri uye kamuri ine valve. Kusvika iye zvino, vagadziri vanenge havagadziri rudzi urwu rwematairi emotokari dzinotakura vanhu.
• tubeless - yakavimbika zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushayikwa kwekukurumidza depressurization. Kugadziriswa kuri nyore kwekukuvadza kuri nyore - kune madiki punctures, yakakosha paste inoshandiswa, nepo tire isingabviswe mumotokari. Inopa mamwe mileage.

Rudzi rwekudhirowa:

• zhizha - chinhu chikuru cherudzi urwu rwetairi ndechekuwedzera kubviswa kwehunyoro. Pakudhirowa, oblique yakadzika mitsetse inoshandiswa, iyo inowanikwa kubva pakati kusvika kumicheto.
• ese-mamiriro ekunze - ane asymmetric pateni. Iyo muenzaniso iri pedyo nechekunze kwevhiri ine dhizaini yakafanana nematairi echando. Pedyo nechomukati - pane "zhizha" muenzaniso   
• chando - kazhinji kacho chimiro chinosanganisira maumbirwo ejometri. Zvakare, maserifi madiki anomira patai, ayo anobatsira matai kuti abate zviri nani panzvimbo dzinotsvedza.

Zvinoenderana neiyo cross-sectional profile:

• yakaderera-mbiri - kutyaira mota iri nyore, kureba kwebhureki kwakadzikira nekuda kwenzvimbo yakakura yekusangana;
• Ultra-yakaderera mbiri - yakanaka kune yakanyanya-kumhanya traffic, asi yakasarudzika pamusoro pemugwagwa;
• yakafara mbiri - yakanaka sarudzo yemota dzine yakakwira mutoro.

Nzira yekusarudza matairi uye chii chekutarisa?

Chinhu chikuru chekufunga nezvazvo pakusarudza uku ndiko kukura. Iyo ine yepasirese inomiririra fomula - A / BC, apo:

• A ndiyo chikamu chemuchinjikwa cheprofile, i.e. hupamhi hwayo, inoratidzwa mu mm;
• B - kureba kwetai, kunoratidzwa sechikamu chehupamhi;
• C ndiko kureba kwerin'i yechigaro chemukati, yakayerwa nemainchi.

Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza 205/55 R16 tai. Zvakare, pane imwe neimwe chiitiko, kumhanya uye mutoro indices uye mamwe ma paramita anoratidzwa. Kana iwe uchida kunzwisisa kutara kwematayi, mira pane izvi maitiro. Zviratidzo uye zvekuwedzera nezverumwe ruzivo pamatayi zvichakurukurwa pazasi.

Dijiti rekutanga muhukuru hwefuremu (A) ndiro Kuwedzera matai. Kune vhiri mumufananidzo ane saizi ye205/55 R16, iri 205 mm. Kusarudzwa kwehupamhi kunotsanangurwa nemaitiro emotokari. Vazhinji vatyairi vemotokari, kuitira kuti mota yavo iite seyakasimba uye ine kutaridzika kwakasimba, sarudza zvinyorwa zvine hupamhi hukuru.

Hurefu ndiyo inotevera chiyero paramende muhukuru hwetai (B). Pakumaka 205/55 R16 zvinosvika kuti kureba kuri 55% yehupamhi. Kuti uiverenge, unofanirwa kuita matanho ari nyore: 205 55% (0,55) = 112,75 mm.

Iyo yakawanda B mune fomula, iyo yakakwira tai ichave uye zvinopesana. Iyi parameter yakakosha zvikuru pakusarudza tira. Saka, pakusarudza tira nehukuru hwe 205/55 R16 panzvimbo ye215/55 R16, unofanira kuziva kuti kureba kuchawedzera pamwe nehupamhi, uye izvi hazvigamuchirwi nguva dzose. Mavhiri epamusoro anogona kukonzera kukwira kumusoro pakati pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, izvo zvinoderedza kugadzikana kwemotokari painokona uye inowedzera njodzi yeku rollover.

Kuiswa kwezvinyorwa zvine chimiro chepamusoro zvinokurudzirwa kune mota dzakaomarara dzakamiswa kuitira kuti uvandudze kugarika kwekutyaira. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti sezvo oparesheni inofambira mberi, kutsika kunopera uye kureba kwevhiri kunoderera.

Chiratidzo C mune general formula inotsanangura kumhara dhayamita matairi pa disc. Kune iyo modhi iri mudhayagiramu, iri 16 inches, iyo yakaenzana ne40,64 cm (1 inch inoenderana ne2,54 cm). Iyo dhayamita yerimu yemukati inotaridza hurefu hwese hwevhiri, inova huwandu hwedhayamita yedhisiki uye kaviri kureba kwevhiri. Uchishandisa fomula 205/55 R16 semuenzaniso, zvinozoitika:

• Rim dhayamita - 40,64 cm.
• Urefu - 112,75 mm, iyo yakaenzana ne 11,275 cm.
• Kureba kwese kwevhiri ndiko 40,64 + 11,275 2 = 63,19 cm.

Panguva yekushanda, kureba kwegumbo kunoderera nekuda kwekuputika kwekutsika. Kwematairi ezhizha, kureba kwekutsika ndeye 7,5-8,5 mm, yechando analogues - 8,5-9,5 mm.

Ko iyo R iri pedyo nedhayamita inomirirei? Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti R padyo nedhayamita yechigaro chemukati mhete inomirira "radius". Asi izvi hazvisi izvo zvachose, sezvo zita rakadaro rinoratidza mhando yekuvaka matayi. Tsamba R inoratidza kuti vhiri iri rine chitunha che radial. Matayi mazhinji anogadzirwa netambo iyi nekuda kwekushanda kuri nani.

Pamusana pebhii R, mashoko anoramba achienderera mberi okuti “nzvimbo yevhiri” akaoneka. Asi zvakakwana kuita masvomhu akareruka kuramba iyi vhezheni. Kana R16 yaireva "radius 16" saka vhiri raizokwira zvakadii kana dhayamita iri 2 radii.

Speed ​​​​index. Pamufananidzo wevhiri, ukuru hunoratidzwa kakawanda. Pasi penhamba 16, ine imwezve yakawedzera zita - 91V. Zita retsamba indekisi yekumhanyisa. Iyo parameter inozivisa iyo yakanyanya kuwanika kumhanya kune chaiyo tire modhi. Tsamba yeLatin alphabet inoshandiswa kune tire, unogona kuona kukosha kwekumhanya mutafura.

Yekumhanyisa index	Kumhanya kukuru kunobvumirwa, km/h
L	120
M	130
N	140
P	150
Q	160
R	170
S	180
T	190
U	200
H	210
V	240
W	270
Y	300
Z	> 300

Kukosha kweiyi parameter yematairi emotokari kunosiyana kubva padiki pa40 km / h - tsamba "A" kusvika 300 km / h - tsamba "Z". Iyo yekumhanyisa chikamu inopihwa kune yega yega modhi mushure mekuyedza pane yakakosha kumira. Iyo V index mu91V yekumaka inoenderana nekumhanya kwakanyanya kwe240 km / h. Mugadziri anozivisa kuti kuvhiya kunofanirwa kuitwa nekumhanya kuri 10-15% pasi peiyo yakanyanya kukosha.

Mumaka 91V, nhamba 91 zvinoreva mutoro index. Indekisi yekuremerwa inotsanangurwa uchishandisa tafura. Zvichienderana nenyika yakabva, kusarudzwa kwemutoro mumakirogiramu kana mapaundi kunogona kusiyana. Saka, kukosha kwe91 kunoenderana ne615 kg. Inoratidza kuti ndeupi hurefu hunobvumirwa mutoro vhiri rimwe rinogona kumira kana uchishanda pasi pemamiriro ekudzvinyirira kwakanyanya mukati.

Kune mota dzevatakuri, indexes kubva pamakumi mashanu kusvika ku50 yakajairika, muzviratidzo zvinopfuura zana, kukosha kwematairi erori anoratidzwa. Iyo mitoro indekisi yemaminibus nemarori inonyanya kukosha, saka inofanirwa kucherechedzwa. Kune mota dzevatakuri, iyi parameter inowanzoitwa ine margin, saka haina kuita basa rekuita pakusarudza matai. Asi vagadziri vanokurudzira zvakasimba kuti vasapfuure zvikumbaridzo, sezvo izvi zvinotungamirira kugumbo deformation uye zvinomutsa tsaona mumugwagwa.

Mukuwedzera kune maitiro ekutanga, pamusoro petairi inoshandiswa Mamwe mashoko. Pano iwe unogona kuona zuva rekugadzirwa uye kuongorora "kutsva" kwechigadzirwa. Zvigadzirwa zvinoratidzawo mhando yavo:

• Matai asina machubhu akaiswa TL (TubeLess). Dhiagiramu yakaratidzwa inoratidza chaizvo iyo tubeless modhi (chinhu Nha. 8).
• Zvinyorwa zvine chamber zvinozivikanwa seTT (Tube Type).

Nderupi rumwe ruzivo runobatsira kuwana matayi:

2 - TWI, kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo yechiratidzo chekupfeka.

3 - yambiro yengozi kana ukasatevedzera zvinokurudzirwa nemugadziri.

4 - iyo yakawanda inobvumirwa mutoro uye kumanikidzwa.

6 - nhamba yemabhora, rudzi rwetambo yechitunha uye mutsigiri.

7 - dhigirii remhando yetayi zvinoenderana neUS standard.

10 - kutevedzera chiyero cheUS.

11 - zuva rekugadzira.

12 - chiratidzo chehomologation yekutevedzera mitemo yeEurope.

13 - nhamba yechitupa chemvumo yekutevedzera zviyero zveEuropean.

15 - nyika yekwakabva, kunyanya, iUkraine (MADE IN UKRAIN).

17 - RADIAL, imwe zita rekuti vhiri rine radial dhizaini.

Nzira yekusarudza sei matairi emotokari?

Imwe yemaitiro yaunofanira kutarisisa paunenge uchitsvaga vhiri imhando yemotokari. Inofunga nezvekutakura kwekutakura kwemotokari, pamwe chete nemagadzirirwo emavhiri. Kazhinji, mugadziri anopa mazano ekushandiswa kwemamwe matai.

Sarudzo yematairi eSUVs inosanganisira kuongororwa kweiyo mutoro muganho chiratidzo uye mutoro wekutakura. Kuongorora kwakakodzera kunoderedza kupera kwetai uye kunoderedza njodzi yekumisa matambudziko.

Nhasi, musika wematai unopa matai emhando dzese dzemavhiri ega ega mota, kubva kumota nemaSUV kusvika kune inorema yakakosha-chinangwa mota.

Kune mota dzevatyairi, dzinosanganisa kuita kwakanaka kwekutyaira (kubata uye braking), yakaderera ruzha mwero uye yakakwira yekumhanyisa index. Matai emotokari dzinotakura vanhu ndiwo akanyanya kuwanda. Kumaka muenzaniso - 170/70 R14 84 T.

Kune 4x4 kunze-mumugwagwa mota - dzinosiyaniswa nekuwedzera mutoro wehuwandu indekisi uye yakadudzwa yekutsika pateni inopa yakakwira off-road flotation. Mucherechedzo wematairi akadaro ane zvinhu, semuenzaniso, 8.20 R15.

Kune maminibus, mota dzekutengesa - dzinoratidzwa nekuwedzera mutoro wehuwandu index, iri nyore kutsika pateni, uye kupfeka kuramba. Iyo flip side yeaya mabhenefiti yakaderedzwa kubata uye braking. Tsamba C kazhinji inowanikwa mukumaka matai akadaro (somuenzaniso, 195/70 R14C).

Nzira yekufananidza matairi nemarimu?

Chokutanga pane zvose, zvakakosha kutungamirirwa nemazano emugadziri wematairi pamusoro pekushandiswa kwema discs. Nekuti ivo vanofananidzwa pasi rese. Nenzira iyi, kushanda kwakakwana kwetai nemotokari kunogona kuvimbiswa. Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kutora kusarudzwa kwerabha ye disks nezvose zvakakomba.

Kuti usarudze mavhiri emotokari, zvakakosha kufunga nezvemaitiro avo ehunyanzvi. Ivo vanogona kuwanikwa mukumaka, iyo inowanzomiririrwa se5J × 13 FH2, apo:

• 5 - dhisiki yakafara mumasendimita (1 inch - 2,54 cm);
• J - motokari yemotokari (panogona kunge kune mavara P, D, B, K uye J kana musanganiswa wavo);
• FH - hump (protrusions pamasherufu ekumhara emupendero wekuvhara tira);
• 13 ndiyo dhayamita ye disc muma inches.

Kuti usarudze nemazvo discs, zvakakosha kuziva misimboti yekumaka matai. Rine ruzivo rwakakosha maererano nekukura kwematai. Ese aya ma parameter anogona kudiwa pakusarudza mavhiri emota.

Nzira iri nyore ndeyekusarudza mavhiri nemhando yemotokari. Kuti uite izvi, ingotarisa mumirairo yekushanda yemotokari kana pasi pechifukidziro chegirovhosi. Asi izvi hazviiti nguva dzose. Muchiitiko ichi, unogona kushandisa nzvimbo dzakakosha. Pane yakasarudzika saiti, sekutonga, mushandisi anokurudzirwa kupinda mugore, kugadzira uye imwe data yemota. Mushure mekupinda ruzivo rwunodiwa, sisitimu icharatidza mhedzisiro.

Kusarudza matai emotokari yako, unofanirwa kufunga nezve zvinotevera nuances:

• Madhisiki anofanira kuenderana mugomba repakati. Kana izvi zvisingakwanisi kuwanikwa, ipapo mhete yekuisa inofanira kushandiswa (kana gomba mu diski rakakura kudarika rinodiwa).
• Marimu anofanira kunge akasimba zvakakwana kuti atsigire huremu hwemotokari. Kazhinji ivo vanogadzirwa nemutoro mukuru wepamusoro. Asi kana iwe wakaramba kusarudza madhisiki nemhando yemotokari uye ukasarudza kuagadzirisa, semuenzaniso, kubva kumota yevatyairi kuenda kune imwe mhando yecrossover, iyo yakanyanya kuremerwa inofanira kujekeswa. Inogona kuwanikwa mune chigadzirwa data sheet. Kana zvisina kudaro, iwe unofanirwa kuenda kune webhusaiti yemugadziri uye uwane iyo chaiyo modhi ipapo.

Kuedza marimu idanho rakakosha usati waruka vhiri. Izvi zvichabatsira kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu apo kunyange kana maparameter ose akaenzana, disk haina kusimuka sezvainofanira. Kuiswa kwekutanga kwedhisiki pamota kuchakubvumidza kuti utarise kana yakamira pane caliper kana kumiswa.

Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kusarudza mavhiri uye matairi ehukuru hwakakwana, iyo mugadziri wemuchina anoratidza seanoda. Ndokusaka sarudzo yakanakisa ingave yekusarudza matai nemota brand. Izvo zvakakosha zvakaenzana kuita kuisirwa nemazvo, sezvo kutasva kunyaradza kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemhando yekuisa.