Ndingaite sei kuvandudza iko kukwira kwepamusoro muTwoNav GPS?

Preamble

Kubva kutanga kwa2021, IGN yanga ichipa mukana wemahara kune imwe data yayo:

• IGN's TOP 25 mepu haisati yave yemahara, zvisinei iyo Mepu shanduro inowanikwa paGéoporttail ndeyemahara.
• Databases yeIGN altimeter 5 x 5 m inowanikwa pachena. Aya dhatabhesi anobvumira kugadzirwa kwedhijitari terrain modhi, i.e. mepu yehurefu ine yakachinjika resolution ye5 mx 5 m kana 1 mx 1 m ine yakatwasuka resolution yemamita 1. Kana tsananguro huru kune vashandisi kuti tiri.

Ichi chinyorwa chiri mufomu yekudzidzisa chakagadzirirwa zvakanyanya kune vashandisi veGPS TwoNav uye Land software.

Izvo hazvigoneke kupesvedzera Garmin GPS kureba data panguva ino.

Chii chinonzi digital elevation modhi (DTM)

Iyo digital elevation modhi (DEM) iratidziro ine mativi matatu-dimensional yepasi pano yakagadzirwa kubva pakukwirira data. Iko kurongeka kwefaira rekumusoro (DEM) kunoenderana ne:

• Hunhu hweiyo altitude data (kurongeka uye nzira dzinoshandiswa pakuongorora),
• Unit cell size (pixel),
• Nezve kurongeka kwechokwadi kwenzvimbo yemagridi aya,
• Iko kurongeka kweiyo geolocation yako uye saka mhando yeGPS yako, yakabatana wachi kana smartphone yako.

Slab kana tile kubva kuIGN Altimetric dhatabhesi. 5 km x 5 km tile, inosanganisira 1000 × 1000 masero kana 5 mx 5 m masero (Saint Gobain Aisne Forest). Iyi skrini inoratidzwa pane iyo OSM basemap.

DEM ifaira inotsanangura kukosha kwehurefu hwepoindi iri pakati pegridi, ine nzvimbo yese yegridi pahurefu hwakafanana.

Semuenzaniso, faira redhipatimendi re5 x 5 m Aisne BD Alti IGN (bazi rakasarudzwa nekuda kwehukuru hwaro) rinongori pasi pemataira mazana mana.

Giridhi yega yega inocherechedzwa neseti yelatitude uye longitude coordinates.

Iyo diki saizi yegridi, iyo inonyanya kururamisa data rekumusoro. Ruzivo rwekukwidzwa idiki pane mesh size (resolution) inofuratirwa.

Iyo diki mesh saizi, iyo yakakwira iyo chaiyo, asi yakakura iyo faira ichave, saka zvinotora imwe nzvimbo yekurangarira uye yakaoma kugadzirisa, zvichigona kudzikamisa mamwe mabasa ekugadzirisa.

Iyo DEM faira saizi yedhipatimendi ingangoita 1Mo ye25m x 25m, 120Mo ye5m x 5m.

Iwo maDEM anoshandiswa neakawanda maapplication, mawebhusaiti, GPS uye vatengi mafoni anobva kumahara epasirese data rakapihwa neNASA.

Kurongeka kwechokwadi cheNASA DEM chiyero chesero che 60m x 90m uye nhanho urefu hwe 30m. Aya ndiwo mafaira akaomeswa, haana kururamiswa, uye kazhinji data inopindirwa, kururamisa kwakaenzana, panogona kuva nehombe. kukanganisa.

Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvekusarurama kwakamira kweGPS, iyo inotsanangura mutsauko wekukwirira wakacherechedzwa kune track, zvichienderana newebhusaiti iyo inobatwa pairi, iyo GPS kana smartphone yakanyora mutsauko mukukwira.

• Sonny MNT (ona gare gare mugwaro rino) inowanikwa mahara kuEurope nehukuru hwesero hunosvika 25m x 30m. Inoshandisa zvinyorwa zve data zvakanyatsojeka kupfuura NASA MNT uye yakashanda kugadzirisa zvipembenene zvikuru. Iyo DEM yakaringana inokodzera kukwira bhasikoro, nekuita kwakanaka munyika yese yeEurope.

Mumufananidzo uri pamusoro, iyo altimetric tile (MNT BD Alti IGN 5 x 5) inovhara mirwi yeslag (pedyo neValenciennes) yakashandurwa kuita mitsetse ye contour yakaparadzana 2,5 m kure uye yakasimudzwa pa IGN mepu. Mufananidzo unobvumidza iwe "kugutsikana" mumhando yeDEM iyi.

• Iyo 5 x 5 m IGN DEM ine horizontal resolution (sero size) ye5 x 5 m uye yakatwasuka resolution yemamita 1. Iyi DEM inopa kukwidziridzwa kwenzvimbo; kureba kwezvinhu zvekugadzira (zvivakwa, mabhiriji, hedges, nezvimwewo) hazvifungidzirwe. Musango, uku ndiko kureba kwepasi pasi petsoka dzemiti, pamusoro pemvura ndiyo nzvimbo yegungwa kune madhamu ose makuru kupfuura hekita imwe.

Gungano uye kuiswa kweDEM

Kuti ufambe nekukasira: Mushandisi weTwoNav GPS akagadzira chimiro chedigital terrain chinofukidza France achishandisa data yeIGN 5 x 5 m. Izvi zvinogona kutorwa nedunhu kubva panzvimbo yepachena: CDEM 5 m (RGEALTI).

Kune mushandisi, bvunzo chaiyo yekuongorora kuvimbika kwe "DEM" ndiko kuona kwenzvimbo yegungwa mu3D.

Pasi pegungwa rekare (Ardennes), inoratidzwa mu3D naBD Alti IGN pamusoro uye BD Alti Sonny pazasi. Tinoona kuti pane unhu.

Iwo maCDEM altimeter mepu anopihwa neTwoNav seyakajairwa yavo GPS kana LAND software haina kuvimbika zvakanyanya.

Nekudaro, iyi "dzidziso" inopa mushandisi gwara rekurodha "matiles" eakavimbika altimetry data yeTwoNav GPS uye LAND software.

Data inowanikwa mahara kune:

• Yese Europe: Sonny Altimetry Database,
• France: IGN altimetry dhatabhesi.

Iwe unogona kugadzira faira rinofukidza nyika, dhipatimendi, kana nharaunda chete (Slab / tile / Pellet) kuchengetedza inoshandisika ndangariro kana kushandisa madiki mafaera.

Sonny Altimeters Database

Iwo 1 '' modhi akakamurwa kuita 1 ° x1 ° faira chunks uye anowanikwa muSRTM (.hgt) fomati ine sero saizi ye22 × 31 m zvichienderana nelatitude, chimiro chinoshandiswa pasi rose uye chinoshandiswa muzvirongwa zvakawanda. Ivo vanosarudzwa nevanoronga, semuenzaniso N43E004 (43 ° kuchamhembe latitude, 4 ° kumabvazuva longitude).

maitiro

1. Batanidza kune saiti https://data.opendataportal.at/dataset/dtm-france

2. Dhawunirodha mataira anoenderana nenyika yakasarudzwa kana geographic sector.

3. Bvisa mafaira e.HGT kubva ku.ZIP mafaira akadhaunirodwa.

4. MuLAND, isa imwe neimwe .HGT faira

5. MuLAND, zvese zvinodiwa .hgts zvakavhurika, vhara zvimwe.

6. Ndapota itai "Batanidza maDEMS aya", nguva yekubatanidza inogona kureba zvichienderana nenhamba yematairi ekuunganidza (sarudza cdem extension) ye.CDEM file inogona kushandiswa paTwonav GPS.

OSM "tile" uye MNT "tile" mepu muLAND, zvese zvinotakurika kuGPS uye 100% yemahara!

IGN Altimetry Database

Iyi dhatabhesi ine dhairekitori nedhipatimendi.

maitiro

1. Batanidza kune Geoservices saiti. Kana iyi link ikasashanda: browser yako "haina FTP yekuwana": usavhunduka! Bhuku remushandisi:
   • Mune yako faira maneja:
   • tinya kurudyi "PC iyi"
   • tinya kurudyi "wedzera network nzvimbo"
   • Isa kero "ftp: // RGE_ALTI_ext: [e-mail]" "pasina" ";
   • Doma iyi mukana kuti uzvizivise ex IGN geoservice
   • Pedzisa maitiro
   • Mirira maminetsi mashoma kuti rondedzero yefaira igadziriswe (zvinotora maminetsi mashoma)
2. Iwe zvino wave kuwana IGN data:
   • Kurudyi tinya pane data faira raunoda kukopa.
   • Wobva wapinza mune dhairekitori rinotangwa
   • Nguva dzekuchaja dzinogona kureba!

Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza kunze kwenyika kwedhatabhesi reVaucluse 5m x 5m altimeters. Tinya kurudyi pafaira, wozokopa kufolder womirira kudhaunirodwa.

Mushure mekusunungura iyo "zipped" faira, chimiro chemuti chinowanikwa. Iyo data inoenderana neanosvika mazana mana emafaira e data (matiles) 400 km x 5 km kana 5 × 1000 masero 1000 m x 5 m mu .asc format (text format) yedhipatimendi.

Iyo yakawanda-mataira disc inonyanya kuvhara iyo MTB track.

Imwe neimwe 5x5 km sero inoonekwa neseti yeLambert inoronga 93.

Iwo maUTM anoronga ekumusoro kuruboshwe kona yeiyi tile kana mataira ari x = 52 6940 uye y = 5494 775:

• 775: chikamu chembiru (770, 775, 780, ...) pamepu
• 6940: Chiyero chemutsara pamepu

3. Dance LAND

4. Munhanho inotevera, tsvaga iyo data mu "data" dhairekitori, sarudza chete yekutanga faira:

5. Vhura wobva wasimbisa, hwindo riri pazasi richavhurika, chenjera, iri ndiro danho rakanyanya kutetepa :

Sarudza fungidziro yeLambert-93 uye Datum RGF 93 uye tarisa bhokisi riri pakona yezasi kuruboshwe.

Zvikamu zvevhu uye mafomati data kubva * .asc tiles, izvo zvinogona kutora nguva.

Mushure mekugadzira slabs kubva kuDEM mu SRTM (HGT / DEM) format, kune dzakawanda dzadzo sezvo pane mafaira mu * .asc format.

6. Nyika inokutendera iwe "kusanganisa" iwo kuita imwechete DEM faira kana ne tile kana granule kuti ienderane nezvido zvako (ramba uchifunga kuti saizi yefaira inogona kudzikamisa GPS kugadzirisa)

Kuti zvive nyore kushandisa, zviri nani (kusarudza) kuvhara makadhi ese akavhurwa kutanga.

Mumepu yemepu (ona pazasi) vhura mafaera ese ari mu * .hdr fomati (iyo shoma shoma) yedhairekitori redhatabheki rakatengwa kunze kwenyika (sezvakamboita kare)

Nyika inovhura mafaera eHDR, dhipatimendi DEM inoremerwa uye inogona kushandiswa

7. Pano iwe unogona kushandisa iyo Ardennes DEM (bump mepu), kuita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa, isu tichavabatanidza kuita faira rimwe.

List menu:

Sanganisa aya maDEM

Sarudza iyo * .cdem fomati uye zita faira DEM.

Iko kusanganisa kunotora nguva shoma, kupfuura mafaera e21 anoda kubatanidzwa. Saka kurudziro yekushanda pahwaro hweMNT granules inovhara nzvimbo dzako dzekutamba.

Iyo yedhijitari modhi yenzvimbo yeArdennes yatakagadzira, ingovhura iyo IGN Geoportal mepu faira sezvakaratidzwa pazasi, semuenzaniso.

Muedzo unoitwa nekuvhura zvakananga UtagawaVTT track "Château de Linchamp" inoratidzwa pakutanga pakureba musiyano we997m, 981m neSonny DTM (yapfuura maitiro) uye 1034m apo Nyika inotsiva hurefu panzvimbo yega yega neDTM kureba kwe5mx5m. .

Kuverengera kwemusiyano wenhanho nekupfupikisa mitsetse yecontour pamepu yeIGN inoratidza mutsauko muchikamu che1070 m, kureva, mutsauko we3%, izvo chaizvo.

Kukosha kwe1070 kunoramba kuri kufungidzira nekuti hazvisi zvidiki kuverenga macurves pamepu mukuyamura.

Kushandisa altimetry faira

MNT.cdem mafaira anogona kushandiswa neLAND kubvisa kukwirira, kuverenga kukwirira, kuteremuka, nzira dzenzira, nezvimwe; uye pamidziyo yese yeTwoNav GPS inokwana kuisa faira mu/mepu dhairekitori uye woisarudza semap.cdem.

Chinyorwa chebhurogu chehurefu husina kurongeka chinoburitsa dambudziko rekusiyana kwe altimetry uye urefu hwepamusoro uchishandisa GPS, musimboti uyu unogona kutakurwa uchiendeswa kune mawachi eGPS pamwe nemaapps e-smartphone.

Vagadziri vanoshandisa nzira dzakati kuti "kudzima" zvisizvo zvinoratidzwa muchinyorwa chino, kusefa (avhareji inofamba) data yehurefu, vachishandisa sensor yebarometric kana yedhijitari terrain modhi.

GPS altitude "ine ruzha", i.e. inoshanduka yakatenderedza avhareji kukosha, barometric altitude inoenderana nevagaries yebarometric kudzvanywa uye tembiricha, saka mamiriro ekunze uye DEM mafaera anogona kunge asina kururama.

Hybridization yebarometer ine GPS kana DEM yakavakirwa pane inotevera musimboti:

• Kwenguva yakareba yenguva, shanduko yebarometric altitude inoenderana nemamiriro ekunze (kumanikidza uye tembiricha),
• Kwenguva yakareba yenguva, zvikanganiso zveGPS zvinopepetwa kunze,
• Kwenguva refu, zvikanganiso zveDEM zvakafanana neruzha, saka zvinopepetwa kunze.

Hybridization ndeye kuverenga avhareji GPS kana DEM kureba uye kubvisa shanduko yehurefu kubva mairi.

Semuenzaniso, mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu ekupedzisira, kureba kweruzha rwakasvibiswa (GPS kana MNT) rwakawedzera ne 30 m; zvisinei, panguva imwecheteyo, urefu hunoratidzwa nebarometer hwakawedzera ne 100 mamita.

Zvinonzwisisika, kuchinja kwehurefu kunofanira kufanana. Kuziva kwezvivakwa zvema sensors aya kunoita kuti zvikwanise "kugadzirisa" iyo -50 m barometer.

Kazhinji muBaro + GPS kana 3D modhi, iyo barometer urefu inogadziriswa, senge munhu anokwira kana anokwira nemaoko, achireva iyo IGN mepu.

Kunyanya, GPS ichangoburwa kana ichangoburwa smartphone (yakanaka mhando) inokuona iwe (FIX) nekurongeka kwe3,5m mundege yakachinjika ka90 kubva pa100 apo mamiriro ekugamuchira akanakira.

Uku "kuita" kwakatwasuka kunoenderana nesaizi yemesh ye5 mx 5 m kana 25 mx 25 m uye kushandiswa kweaya maDTM anobvumira kunaka kwakatwasuka.

Iyo DEM inoratidza kukwirira kwepasi, semuenzaniso kana iwe ukayambuka mupata weTarn paMillau viaduct, iyo track yakanyorwa paDEM inofanirwa kukuendesa kuzasi kwemupata, kunyangwe nzira ikaramba iri pachikuva. ...

Mumwe muenzaniso, kana uchikwira gomo bhasikoro kana kufamba pamawere egomo, iyo yakachinjika GPS kunyatsoita zvinodzikira nekuda kwekuvharika kana kuwanda kwemhedzisiro; ipapo hurefu hwakapihwa FIX huchaenderana nekukwirira kweiri padyo kana kure kure, nekudaro kumusoro kana kuzasi kwemupata.

Panyaya yefaira yakaumbwa nemagridi epamusoro pepamusoro, kureba kuchaita kusvika kuvhareji pakati pepasi pemupata nepamusoro!

Pamienzaniso miviri iyi yakanyanyisa asi yakajairika, mutsauko wekuwedzera wehurefu zvishoma nezvishoma unobva pakukosha chaiko.

Mazano ekushandiswa

Kuti udzivise maside effects:

• Gadzirisa iyo GPS barometer pakukwirira kwenzvimbo yako yekutanga nguva pfupi usati wasimuka (inokurudzirwa nevagadziri vese veGPS),
• rega GPS yako iite mashoma FIXES isati yatanga kuteedzera kuitira kuti iko kurongeka kuenderane,
• sarudza hybridization: altitude calculation = Barometer + GPS kana Barometer + 3D.

Kana track yako yakakwira yakawiriraniswa kuDEM, iwe uchave wakanyatso kukwira uye kutsetseka kuverenga senge pamufananidzo uri pazasi, apo musiyano unongova 1 mita.

• GPS Trail 2 (72dpi yakaderedzwa mufananidzo kutorwa, 200dpi GPS skrini)
• Kufukidza raster uye OSM vector mepu
• Chiyero 1: 10
• CDEM 5mx5m BD Alti IGN shading inosimbisa kureba mu1m increments.

Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoenzanisa chimiro chematinji maviri akafanana e30km (emukurumbira wakafanana), kureba kweimwe kwakawiriraniswa neIGN DEM uye imwe yacho neSonny DEM, nzira inomhanya mubaro + hybrid mode 3d.

• Altitude pa IGN mepu: 275 m.
• Altitude yakaverengerwa neGPS muHybrid Baro + 3D modhi: 295 m (+ 7%)
• Altitude yakaverengerwa neGPS muHybrid Baro + GPS modhi: 297 m (+ 8%).
• Yakawiriraniswa kukwira paIGN MNT: 271 m (-1,4%)
• Yakawiriraniswa kukwira paSonny MNT: 255 m (-7%)

"Chokwadi" chinogona kunge chiri kunze kwe275m IGN nekuda kwekumisikidzwa kwecurve.

Muenzaniso weiyo otomatiki calibration (muripo) weiyo GPS barometric altimeter panguva yenzira inoratidzwa pamusoro (Yekutanga faira regi kubva kuGPS):

• Hapana kuunganidzwa kwakamira kwekuverenga mutsauko wehurefu: 5 m, (Parametrization yakafanana nemacurves emepu yeIGN),
• Altitude panguva yecalibration / reset:
  • GPS 113.7 m,
  • Barometric altimeter 115.0 m,
  • Hurefu MNT 110.2 m (Carte IGN 110 m),
• Kudzokorora (Nguva Yekugadzirisa): Maminitsi makumi matatu
• Barometric kururamisa kwemaminetsi makumi matatu anotevera: - 30