Jenareta yemotokari inoshanda sei? Dhizaini uye zviratidzo zvekuputsika mumotokari

Jenareta inoshandiswa kugadzira alternating current mumotokari. Uye kwete mavari chete, nokuti alternator yakagadzirirwa kungoshandura simba remagetsi mumagetsi emagetsi. Inoita kunge inoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura DC jenareta, uye nekuwedzera, inogona kushanda nemazvo kubva pakumhanya kwakaderera. Nyanzvi Nikola Tesla yakagadzira alternator. Icho chigadzirwa chikuru kwazvo zvekuti mumotokari zvakaoma kunzwisisa uye zvemberi, chinhu chakagadzirwa muna 1891 chichiri kushanda nanhasi.

Generator design

Iwe unoda kuziva kuti kuvakwa kwealternator kunoratidzika sei? Zvakanaka, chinhu chinonyanya kuoneka kumushandisi wemotokari ipulley. Iri paari iyo poly-V-bhandi kana V-bhandi rinoiswa, iro rinopa motokari. Zvinhu zvinotevera zvejenareta zvakatovigwa kubva pakuona kweavhareji mushandisi.

Kana tichida kugadzira jenereta redunhu, zvinotevera dhizaini zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuiswa pairi. Jenareta imwe neimwe ine zvikamu zvinotevera:

• rotor;
• stand;
• rectifier unit;
• brashi inobata nemabhurashi;
• voltage regulator;
• makesi epamberi neshure;
• chisimudziso;
• goylatora.

Jenareta - musimboti wekushanda kwejenareta yemotokari

Zvese izvi zvinhu, zvakavharirwa mumuviri mumwe, zvinopei? Pasina basa re pulley, musimboti, chero nzira. Izvo zvese zvinotanga kana iwe uchitenderedza kiyi mukubatidza. Apo bhanhire rinotanga kushandura gumbo uye izvi zvinogadzirisa rotor mukufamba, magnetic field inogadzirwa pakati pe stator uye magnet pa rotor. Aya ndiwo mapango eclaw, pamusoro pawo ane polarities dzakasiyana. Pasi pawo pane coil. Mabhurashi ane zvindori zvinotsvedza zvakabatanidzwa kumigumo yematanda ane mazino anopa simba kune alternator.. Saka iyo alternator inogadzira alternating current.

Jenareta uye jenareta, kana nzira yekuwana yakananga ikozvino mumotokari

Uri kushamisika kuti nei uchida kuchinjanisa ikozvino mumotokari? Izvo hazvina maturo, saka zvinoda "kururamiswa". Nokuda kweizvi, rectifier diodes inoshandiswa, yakaiswa mujenareta pabhiriji rekugadzirisa. Kuvonga kwavari, ikozvino yakagamuchirwa nejenereta yemotokari inoshandurwa kubva kune imwe nzira kuenda kune yakananga.

Zvinoita here kutarisa alternator mumotokari iwe pachako?

Kana mota ikatanga, dambudziko nderei? Zvakanaka, kana jenareta isingabhadhari bhatiri, zvino mushure memaminitsi mashomanana ekufambisa nemwenje, ichasunungurwa zvachose. Uye zvino zvichange zvisingabviri kutanga injini. Sezvineiwo, kuedza jenareta kuri nyore kwazvo uye hakudi chero ruzivo rwehunyanzvi kana hunyanzvi.

Nzira yekutarisa sei jenareta yemotokari nhanho nhanho?

Kana iwe uchida kutarisa jenareta mumotokari, tanga kuwana multimeter, kana kuti pane voltmeter. Pakutanga, tarisa kuti ndeipi voltage inofambiswa kubva kubhatiri. Usatanga injini paunenge uchiita izvi. Kukosha kunofanira kuva pamusoro pe13 V. Zvadaro tanga injini uye uite kuti iite kwechinguva (anenge maminitsi maviri). Panguva ino, ita shuwa kuti chiratidzo chekuchaja bhatiri padivi pewachi chakadzimwa. Nhanho inotevera ndeyekuyera zvakare voltage kubva mubhatiri injini ichimhanya. Iko kukosha kunofanirwa kuve kwakakura kupfuura 2 V.

Nhanho yekupedzisira yekutarisa jenareta mutoro uri painjini nebhatiri. Batidza fan kune yakanyanya simba, batidza redhiyo, mwenje uye chero chinhu chinogona kupedza magetsi. Kana alternator yemota ichishanda nemazvo, bhatiri remagetsi rinofanirwa kunge riri 13 volts pamutoro uyu.

Nzira yekubatanidza jenareta?

Kune akati wandei maconnector akanyorwa nemavara pane jenareta imba. Imwe yadzo ndeye "B +", iyo inotarisira kuendesa voltage kubhatiri uye ndiyo huru yekubatanidza pane jenareta. Zvechokwadi, kwete chete, nokuti kunze kwayo kunewo "D +", iyo inokonzera simba rejenareta diode, uye "W", iyo inotumira ruzivo kune tachometer. Mushure mekuisa jenereta panzvimbo yegungano, zviri nyore kwazvo kuibatanidza.

Chii chandinofanira kubhadhara zvakanyanya kana ndichibatanidza jenareta?

Kunyange zvazvo kubatanidza jenareta kusina kuoma, kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kusavhiringidza ma sensors nezvikamu zvakavakidzana. Zvishandiso zvemotokari zvine plugs dzemagetsi dzakafanana. Zvinogona kuitika kuti panzvimbo yekubatanidza jenareta, iwe unoisa plug kubva kune sensor yeimwe chikamu ipapo. Uye ipapo iwe hauzove nechaji, uye nekuwedzera diode ichaonekwa pane dashboard, ichizivisa, semuenzaniso, nezve kuderera kwemafuta mujini.

Jenereta - zviratidzo zvekukundikana kwejenereta yemotokari

Zviri nyore kwazvo kuona kusashanda kwejenereta - bhatiri haingogamuchire inodiwa ikozvino. Kuti unyatsoongorora zvakaitika, unofanirwa kutarisa mudziyo wacho pachako. Jenareta inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana uye zvizhinji zvacho zvinogona kukundikana. Kutanga, iwe unogona kubvisa bhanhire kubva mupulley uye shandura impeller. Kana iwe ukanzwa ruzha runopindira, unogona kutanga kuparadzanisa chinhu uye kutsvaga mugadziri wemagetsi. Kana iyo rotor isingadi kutenderera zvachose, jenereta inokodzerawo kuvandudzwa.. Bhanhire pacharo rinogonawo kuva chikonzero, nokuti mhirizhonga yaro isina kururama inogona kutungamirira kune yakaderera kukosha kwesimba remagetsi rinoendeswa kune pulley.

Mota alternator uye brashi mamiriro uye kukanganisa. Kutsiva kunodiwa riini?

Mabhurasho ndeimwe nyaya, i.e. chinhu chinofadza ikozvino. Iwo akagadzirwa nekabhoni uye anopera nekugara achisangana nemhete. Kana iyo nyaya yakakwizwa kusvika padiki, hapana chazvino chekukurudzira chinozofambiswa uye nekudaro alternator haizoburitsa ikozvino. Zvadaro ingosunungura chibatiso chebhurashi, kazhinji chakasungirirwa nemakumbo maviri, uye tarisa mamiriro emabhurashi. Vanongoda kuchinjwa kana zvichidiwa.

Nzira yekufadza sei jenereta mumotokari?

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, jenareta yemotokari ine kunze kwekunakidzwa.. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mabhurashi ekabhoni anofanira kuapa neazvino ekusimudzira. Zvisinei, jenereta inofara inogonawo kuwanikwa mumotokari, uye Polonez yekare yakanaka muenzaniso weizvi. Iyi dhizaini ine mubatsiri anogadzirisa ane mutoro wekuzvifadza wega alternator. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kana alternator ine 6-diode rectifier zambuko, saka ichi chinhu chakasiyana kufara chinhu. Nzira yekufadza sei jenareta yemotokari? Unofanira kuwedzera tension kwairi.