Injini Yemagetsi Inoshanda sei?

Hapasisina macylinders, pistons uye exhaust gasi: injini yemotokari yemagetsi yakavakwa yakatenderedza seti yezvikamu zvakagadzirirwa kushandura magetsi kuita magetsi emagetsi nekugadzira magineti.

CHII CHINONZI MOTORI YEmagetsi?

Injini yemotokari yemagetsi inofambiswa nemaitiro emuviri akagadzirwa mukupera kwezana ramakore re19. Iyi nzira inosanganisira kushandisa ikozvino kugadzira magnetic field panzvimbo yakamira yemuchina ("stator"), iyo, sezvainofamba, inogadzirisa chikamu chinotenderera ("rotor") mukufamba. Tichatora nguva yakawanda pane izvi zvikamu zviviri gare gare muchinyorwa chino.

ELECTRIC MOTOR PRINCIPLE

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peinjini yekupisa uye mota yemagetsi? Aya mazwi maviri anowanzo shandiswa zvakasiyana. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kusiyanisa pakati pavo kubva pakutanga. Kunyangwe iye zvino ave kushandiswa anenge akafanana, muindasitiri yemotokari, izwi rekuti "mota yemagetsi" rinoreva muchina unoshandura simba kuita mechanika (uye nekudaro kufamba), uye injini yekupisa inoita basa rimwe chete, asi kunyanya kushandisa simba rinopisa. Kana tichitaura nezve kushandura simba rekupisa kuita magetsi emagetsi, tiri kutaura nezvekupisa, kwete magetsi.

Nokudaro, rudzi rwesimba rakashandurwa rinotarisa rudzi rwemotokari: inopisa kana magetsi. Nezve mota dzemagetsi, sezvo simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa nemagetsi, izwi rekuti "motor yemagetsi" rinoshandiswa kutsanangura system inotyaira mota yemagetsi. Izvi zvinonzi zvishuwo.

MOTOR YE ELECTRIC INOSHANDA SEI MUMOTA YEMAGARA?

Iye zvino zvakasimbiswa kuti tiri kutaura nezvemagetsi emagetsi pano uye kwete pamusoro pemagetsi emagetsi anopisa, ngatitarisei kuti motokari yemagetsi inoshanda sei mumotokari yemagetsi.

Nhasi, magetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa muzvinhu zvakawanda zveimba. Avo vakashongedzerwa neakananga azvino (DC) mota vane basa rekutanga. Iyo mota yakabatana zvakananga kune sosi yemagetsi, saka kumhanya kwayo kutenderera kunoenderana neamperage. Kunyange zvazvo mota dzemagetsi idzi dziri nyore kugadzira, hadzina kuzadzisa simba, kuvimbika, kana saizi inodiwa yemotokari yemagetsi. Zvisinei, vanogona kushandiswa kudzora wipers, mahwindo uye dzimwe nzira duku mukati motokari.

STATOR uye ROTOR

Kuti unzwisise kuti mota yemagetsi inoshanda sei, unofanirwa kujairana nezvikamu zvemuviri zvemotor yayo yemagetsi. Inotanga nekunzwisisa kwakanaka kwekuti zvikamu zviviri zvikuru zvinoshanda sei: stator uye rotor. Nzira iri nyore yekuyeuka musiyano pakati pezviviri ndeyekuti stator "static" uye rotor iri "kutenderera". Mune motokari yemagetsi, stator inoshandisa simba kugadzira magnetic field, iyo inoshandura rotor.

Saka, mota yemagetsi inoshanda sei pamotokari yemagetsi? ? Izvi zvinoda kushandiswa kwealternating current (AC) motors, izvo zvinoda kushandiswa kwedunhu rekushandura kushandura yakananga ikozvino (DC) inopiwa nebhatiri. Ngatitarisei mhando mbiri dzezvino.

MOTA YEMAGARA: ATERNATIVE CURRENT (AC) VERSUS DC (DC)

Chokutanga pane zvose, kuti unzwisise kuti injini yemotokari yemagetsi inoshanda sei, zvakakosha kuziva mutsauko. pakati pealternating current uye direct current (electric currents).

Pane nzira mbiri dzinofamba nemagetsi kuburikidza nekondukita. Alternating current (AC) zvinoreva simba remagetsi rinochinja maerekitironi nguva nenguva. Yakananga ikozvino (DC), sezita rinoratidza, inoyerera chete munzira imwe.

Mumabhatiri emotokari, magetsi anoshanda neanogara aripo. Kana iri mota huru yemotokari yemagetsi (iyo inopa traction yemotokari), iyi yakananga ikozvino, zvisinei, inofanira kushandurwa kune inochinjanisa ikozvino uchishandisa inverter.

Chii chinoitika mushure mekunge simba iri rasvika pamotokari yemagetsi? Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemota inoshandiswa: synchronous kana asynchronous.