Motokari yemagetsi inoshanda sei? Gearbox mumotokari yemagetsi - iripo here kana kuti kwete? [MHINDURO]

Motokari dzemagetsi - dzinoshanda sei? Zvakarongwa sei? Mabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi anorema here? Zvinodhura? Iyo gearbox mumotokari yemagetsi yakaoma here? Heino sumo pfupi yenyaya, zvakanakira mota dzemagetsi uye nekuipa kwavo.

Mota yemagetsi inoshanda sei

Tafura yezvinyorwa

• Mota yemagetsi inoshanda sei
• Mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi: kusvika hafu yetani pasi pevhu, chikamu chinodhura zvikuru
  • Kuwanda kwebhatiri kunoyerwa mumayuniti api?
  • Ndeapi masimba emabhatiri mumotokari dzemagetsi?
• Injini mumotokari yemagetsi: inosvika makumi maviri rpm!
• Bhokisi remotokari yemagetsi: giya rimwe chete (!)
  • Gearboxes mumotokari dzemagetsi - vachadaro?
  • Injini mbiri pachinzvimbo chegiya rinomhanya maviri

Kunze, mota yemagetsi haina kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune yakajairwa mukati memoto mota. Iwe unogona kunyanya kuziva izvi kubva pakuti haina pombi yekupedza uye inonzwika zvishoma. Izvi zvinoreva: chaizvoizvo haina ruzha uye haina ruzhakunze kwekuridza muridzo wemota yemagetsi. Dzimwe nguva (muenzaniso vhidhiyo):

Hacked Tesla P100D + BBS Wheels!

Misiyano yakakosha inotanga chete nechassis. Motokari yemagetsi haina injini inopisa mukati, gearbox (zvimwe pane izvi zvakare pazasi) uye exhaust system. Panzvimbo yavo motokari yemagetsi ine mabhatiri makuru uye motokari duku yemagetsi. Idiki sei? Kuda kuenzana newatermelon. MuBMW i3 inoita seizvi:

Dhizaini yeBMW i3, ine mabhatiri akarara padivi nepadivi uye mota diki inotyaira mavhiri ekumashure, idhiramu rinopenya kumashure, uko kune waya dzeorenji dzinotungamira (c) BMW.

Mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi: kusvika hafu yetani pasi pevhu, chikamu chinodhura zvikuru

Mabhatiri makuru, anodhura, uye anorema mumotokari yemagetsi mabhatiri. Iyi ndiyo analogue yakaoma ye classic mafuta tank, iyo inochengetedza simba rinogadzirwa zvakananga pamagetsi emagetsi. Zvakaoma kufungidzira kutakura kuri nyore: inotanga pa turbine yemagetsi emagetsi uye inofamba netambo yakananga kune iron, kombiyuta kana motokari yemagetsi.

Akakura sei mabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi? Vanogara chassis yese. Zvinodhura zvakadii? Mutengo wekiti inoratidzwa pamufananidzo ndeye PLN 30. Saka zvinorema? Kwemaawa gumi nemashanu ega ega, huwandu hwebhatiri nhasi hunenge 15 kilogiramu mu2017, kusanganisira hull uye kutonhora / kupisa michina.

Kuwanda kwebhatiri kunoyerwa mumayuniti api?

Asi chaizvo "kilowatt-maawa" - ndeapi aya mayuniti? Zvakanaka, huwandu hwebhatiri hunoyerwa muzvikamu zvesimba, kureva, kilowatt-maawa (kWh). Havafanirwe kuvhiringika nechikamu chesimba (kilo) watts (kW). Tinoziva mayunitsi emagetsi aya kubva kumabhiri edu emagetsi, ayo atinobhadhara paavhareji mwedzi miviri yega yega.

Muchinjikwa chikamu chechizvarwa chekare Nissan Leaf. Kurudyi ndiko kumberi kwemota, kune socket yekuchaja. Injini iri pakati pakati pemavhiri (black chubhu pasi pewaya orenji), uye mabhatiri ari padyo nemavhiri ekumashure emota (c) Nissan.

Ivhareji yemhuri inodya inenge 15 kilowatt-maawa esimba pazuva, uye imwe neimwe kilowatt-awa inodhura isingapfuuri 60 cents. Inenge simba rakafanana resimba rinopedzwa nemutyairi wehupfumi wemotokari yemagetsi - asi kwemakiromita zana.

> Nzira yekushandura kilowatt maawa (kWh) emagetsi emotokari yemagetsi kuita marita emafuta?

Mabhatiri: 150 kusvika 500 makirogiramu

Mabhatiri ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinorema mumotokari yemagetsi. Vanorema anenge 150 kusvika ku500 makirogiramu (hafu yetani!). Semuyenzaniso, Tesla Model 3 mabhatiri ane huremu hweanopfuura 80 kilowatt-maawa anorema makirogiramu mazana mana nemakumi masere - uye Tesla ndiye mutungamiri mukugadzirisa uremu!

Mabhatiri (pakati) uye injini (kumashure) muTesla Model 3 (c) Tesla

Ndeapi masimba emabhatiri mumotokari dzemagetsi?

Mota dzakagadzirwa muna 2018 dzine mabhatiri ane huwandu kubva makumi matatu (Hyundai Ioniq Electric) kusvika pamakumi matanhatu kilowatt-maawa (Opel Ampera E, Hyundai Kona 30) uye kubva pamakumi manomwe neshanu kusvika zana kilowatt-maawa (Tesla, Jaguar I-Pace, Audi. e - tron ​​​​Quattro). Kazhinji: kukura kwebhatiri, ndiko kukura kwemhando yemotokari yemagetsi, uye pamakumi maviri ega ega kilowatt-awa ebhatiri kugona, iwe unofanirwa kukwanisa kutyaira ingangoita 20 makiromita.

> 2017 mota dzemagetsi dzine huwandu hwesimba rekuchengetedza pane imwe charge [TOP 20 RATING]

Injini mumotokari yemagetsi: inosvika makumi maviri rpm!

Injini yemotokari yemagetsi dhizaini iri nyore, inozivikanwa kwemakore anopfuura zana, yakagadzirwa nemuumbi wekuSerbia Nikola Tesla. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, mota yemagetsi ine zvikamu gumi nemaviri, uye injini yekupisa yemukati ine gumi nemaviri. zviuru!

Nheyo yekushanda kwemotokari yemagetsi iri nyore kwazvo: mhepo inoshandiswa pairi, iyo inoiisa mukufamba (kutenderera). Iyo yakakwirira yemagetsi, iyo inowedzera kukurumidza.

Iyo Tesla mota ine gearbox iri muchubhu yesirivha. Iyo giya bhokisi iri pasi peiyo chena uye grey imba, kuburikidza iyo injini yekumhanyisa inoendeswa kune propeller shaft nemavhiri. Tsanangudzo yekudhirowa (c) Zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi

Ivhareji yemotokari yepeturu ine tachometer chiyero kubva pa0 kusvika ku7 rpm, muvhareji wemotokari yedhiziri ine kumhanya kwe000 rpm. Munda mutsvuku, unoratidza njodzi yekukundikana kweinjini, inotanga kare, pa5-000 zviuru rpm.

Zvichakadaro, mota dziri mumotokari dzemagetsi dziri kusvika kunyange zviuru zvishoma rpm. Panguva imwecheteyo, vane hunyanzvi hwakanakisa nekuti vanowanzo shandura chikamu chinodarika makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana chesimba rinopihwa kuti riite kufamba - mumainjini anopisa mukati, 90 muzana kunyatsoita budiriro huru, iyo inowanikwa chete nehumwe hunyanzvi mamiriro. -motokari dzekugadzira.

> Ko mota yemagetsi inoshanda zvakadii? ABB yakasvika 99,05%

Motokari yemagetsi inoshanda sei? | Tesla Model S

Bhokisi remotokari yemagetsi: giya rimwe chete (!)

Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza chemazuva ano motokari dzemagetsi ndeyekutumira, izvo ... hazvipo. Hongu, Mota dzemagetsi kazhinji dzine giya rimwe chete (pamwe chete nereverse, ndiko kuti, iyo inowanikwa kana magetsi aiswa kumashure). Iyo mota yakabatana nemavhiri negiya rakareruka kwazvo rinoderedza kumhanya kwemota muhuwandu hwe8-10: 1. Saka, 8-10 revolutions yemota shaft ndeye 1 kuzere kutenderera kwemavhiri. Kutumira kwakadaro kunowanzo kuve nemagiya matatu anogara akabatana nemumwe:

Sei mota dzemagetsi dzichingova negiya rimwe chete? Zvinoita sekuti vagadziri vacho vaisada kuwedzera uremu hwemichina uye kuita kuti hupenyu huome kwavari. Magetsi emagetsi anogadzira torque yakanyanya kubva pakutanga, inoda magiya akakora uye akasimba. Muchiitiko ichi, shaft yemotokari yemagetsi inogona kutenderera kunyange nekumhanya kwema 300 revolutions pasekondi (!).

Zvese izvi zvinoreva kuti giya bhokisi riri mumotokari yemagetsi rinofanira kunge rakasimba zvakanyanya, nepo panguva imwecheteyo richifanira kushandura magiya mumazana esekondi, izvo zvinowedzera zvakanyanya mutengo wemotokari yemagetsi.

Gearboxes mumotokari dzemagetsi - vachadaro?

Kutaura zvazviri, vatovapo. Mufananidzo waunoona pamusoro unotova muchinjiko-chikamu cheiyo prototype mbiri-kumhanya kufambisa kwemotokari yemagetsi. Iyo Rimac Concept One inoshandisa maviri-kumhanya transmissions (saka gearbox yatovepo, kureva, gearboxes!). Iwo ekutanga prototypes eiyo matatu-kumhanya kufambisa anoonekwawo.

izvi gearboxes emotokari yemagetsi ivo vanokosha nokuti, kune rumwe rutivi, vanobvumira motokari kuti ikurumidze kukurumidza, uye kune rumwe rutivi, kana ichityaira mumugwagwa, inobvumira injini kutenderera zvishoma nezvishoma (= zvishoma kushandiswa kwesimba), i.e. ivo zvinobudirira kuwedzera injini kumhanya. motokari mileage.

Injini mbiri pachinzvimbo chegiya rinomhanya maviri

Nhasi Tesla yakatarisana nedambudziko rekushaikwa kwemagiya mabhokisi nenzira yayo: mota dzine injini mbiri dzine kufambisa kwakasiyana uye, kazhinji, injini mbiri dzakasiyana pamberi uye kumashure. Iyo axle yekumashure inogona kusimba uye kuve neyepamusoro giya reshiyo (semuenzaniso 9: 1) kushandisa zvirinani torque uye nekumhanyisa mota. Iyo yekumberi, zvakare, inogona kuve isina simba (= inopedza simba shoma) uye ine yakaderera giya reshiyo (eg 7,5: 1) kudzikisa simba rekushandisa pamadaro marefu.

Iyo data iri pamusoro inofungidzirwa uye inoenderana zvakanyanya neshanduro uye modhi yemotokari. Asi misiyano yacho inooneka. Semuenzaniso, iyo Tesla Model S 75 ine huwandu hwe401 makiromita chete, nepo Tesla Model S 75D ("D" yeese-vhiri dhiraivha vhezheni) yatove nemhando ye417 makiromita:

> Tania Tesla S anodzoka kuzopa. S 75 iri kutengeswa 2018

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