Mafambiro anoita four-wheel drive

Chii chinonzi all-wheel drive?

Ese mavhiri mavhiri (AWD) mota dzinotumira simba kune ese mana mavhiri. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nenzira dzakati wandei, asi chinangwa chekupedzisira ndechekuvandudza mafambisirwo nemashandiro emotokari. Kunyangwe mana-mavhiri dhiraivha iri inodhura sarudzo uye inoshandisa zvimwe zvikamu (zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutyora), ine zvimwe zvakakura zvakanakira. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Best Acceleration: Kana mavhiri mana ese anoderedza simba (kazhinji), zviri nyore kutora kumhanya.

• Kuwedzera kugadzikana: Kana simba rikagoverwa pakati pemaekisi maviri, pane kushoma vhiri kutenderera uye nekudaro kukurumidza kunowedzera kugadzikana.

• Kubata zviri nani mumigwagwa inotsvedza: Kungave chando pasi kana mvura inonaya, XNUMXWD ichaita kuti mavhiri awedzere kubatika kana uchimhanyisa kana kuchengetedza kumhanya. All-wheel drive zvakare inoderedza mukana wekuti mota inonamira mumadhaka kana chando.

Pane musiyano mudiki pakati peXNUMXWD neXNUMXWD. MuUS, kuti mota inyore kuti “all-wheel drive”, maekisi ese anofanira kunge achikwanisa kugamuchira simba panguva imwe chete uye kutenderera nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Kana mota iine kese yekuchinjisa, zvinoreva kuti kana maekisero ese ari maviri awana simba, anobva amanikidzwa kutenderera nekumhanya kwakafanana, zvino kutyaira mavhiri mana, kwete mavhiri mana.

Mazhinji emazuva ano maSUV nemacrossovers anoshandisa ese-wheel drive masisitimu akanzi "Four-Wheel Drive". Izvi zvinobvumira maekisero kuti atenderere nekumhanya kwakasiyana uye ane akawanda mashandisiro anoshanda, zvichireva kuti vagadziri vanowanzo chengetedza chaiyo-mavhiri mana emota dzinorema uye dzisiri munzira. Anogona kunyorwa se-mavhiri ose nekuti anobvumira nehunyanzvi mavhiri mana kutyaira mota kumberi. Kunyora iyo XNUMXWD drivetrain seXNUMXWD zvakare inoita kuti ive yakaoma uye yakafanana neSUV yakatsaurirwa.

Mavhiri mana anoshanda sei?

Kana iyo mota iine musiyano wepakati, saka iyo dhizaini dhizaini yakafanana neyekumashure-vhiri dhiraivha yekuisa. Injini inomhanya mugiya bhokisi yobva yadzokera mune musiyano. Kazhinji injini inoiswa longitudinally. Panzvimbo pekubatanidza kune yekumashure musiyano, semushure-vhiri dhiraivha mota, iyo driveshaft yakabatana kune yepakati musiyano.

Musiyano wepakati unoshanda nenzira imwechete sekusiyanisa pane chero maekisi. Kana rumwe rutivi rwemusiyano ruchitenderera nekumhanya kwakasiyana pane rumwe, runobvumira rimwe divi kutsvedza nepo rimwe divi richiwana simba rakawanda. Kubva pakati pekusiyanisa, imwe driveshaft inoenda yakananga kumusiyano wekumashure uye imwe inoenda kune yekumberi musiyano. Subaru inoshandisa sisitimu iri mutsauko werudzi urwu rwemavhiri ose. Panzvimbo peiyo driveshaft inoenda kune yekumberi axle, iyo yekumberi mutsauko inovakwa mune yekuchinjisa kesi pamwe nepakati musiyano.

Kana iyo motokari isina mutsauko wepakati, ipapo nzvimbo yayo inogona kufanana nemotokari yepamberi. Injini inogona kunge yakasimudzwa yakachinjika, ichiendesa simba kugearbox. Panzvimbo pekutungamira simba rese kune seti yemavhiri pasi peinjini, rimwe resimba rinotumirwa kune musiyano pane yakatarisana axle kuburikidza ne driveshaft inokwira kubva kugiya bhokisi. Izvi zvinoshanda zvakafanana nepakati mutsauko chirongwa, kunze kwekuti kutapurirana kunenge nguva dzose kuchiwana simba rakawanda pane rakapesana axle. Izvi zvinoita kuti mota ishandise mavhiri ese chete kana pave kudiwa kudhonza kwakawanda. Rudzi urwu rwehurongwa hunopa hupfumi hwemafuta hwakavandudzwa uye kazhinji hureruke. Izvo zvisingabatsiri kuita kushoma kwese-vhiri drive mumigwagwa yakaoma.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzemavhiri ese

Kune maviri makuru marudzi eese-mavhiri anoshandiswa mumotokari nhasi:

• Permanent four-wheel drive: Rudzi urwu rwekutapurirana runoshandisa matatu akasiyana kugovera zvakanaka simba kune ese mana mavhiri. Mugadziriro iyi, mavhiri ose anogamuchira simba nguva dzose. Anonyanya kufarirwa mavhiri ese-mavhiri masisitimu ane iyi gadziriro anosanganisira iyo Audi Quattro ese-mavhiri dhiraivha uye Subaru's symmetrical ese-vhiri dhiraivha. Mota dzemujaho wemujaho uye nzira dzadzo dzekufamba-famba dzinoshandisa iyi mhando yeAWD setup inenge yepasirese.

• Otomatiki mana-mavhiri kutyaira: Iko hakuna mutsauko wepakati murudzi urwu rwese-vhiri dhiraivha. Giya bhokisi rinotyaira seti imwe yemavhiri rinotumira simba rakawanda rakananga kumberi kana kumashure ekisero, nepo driveshaft ichitumira simba kune musiyano pane yakatarisana axle. Nemhando iyi yehurongwa, mutyairi anongowana mabhenefiti ezvese-vhiri dhiraivha mune yakaderera traction mamiriro. Iyi setup inotora nzvimbo shoma pane imwe nzira uye inobvumira mota kuti iite zvakanyanya kana ichishanda semberi kana kumashure kwevhiri.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yakanaka yekushandisa mavhiri ese?

• Mota dzinoona mamiriro ekunze akawanda: Zviri nyore kuona kuti sei vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzine chando zvakanyanya kana kunaya vachifarira mota XNUMXxXNUMX. Ivo kashoma kuti vanamatirwe uye kazhinji vanogona kurega kana vakanamira. Kusanganiswa nematai anoenderana nemamiriro ekunze, mavhiri ose anenge asingamisiki.

• Productivity Apps: Kubata kwakakosha kune mota dzine simba. Kubata kwakasimba kunobvumira mota kudzika nekukurumidza uye kumhanyisa nekukurumidza kunze kwemakona. Ese Lamborghini neBugatti anoshandisa mavhiri mana. Kunyange zvazvo kune ngozi yakawedzerwa ye understeer (mavhiri epamberi anorasikirwa nekutengesa mukona), teknolojia yemazuva ano inoita kuti izvi zvisanyanya kusava nyaya.

Ndezvipi zvakaipira zvese-mavhiri?

• Kutumira simba kumaekisero ese ari maviri kunoita kuti mota isaite mafuta. Inofanirwa kushandisa simba rakawanda kuita kuti mavhiri ese atenderere uye nezvimwe kuita kuti mota ikurumidze.

• Mabatiro maitiro haafanirwe nemunhu wese. Nepo ese-mavhiri dhiraivha achibvumira vatengi kuona mamwe mabhenefiti ezvese ari maviri emberi-vhiri dhiraivha uye kumashure-vhiri dhiraivha mota, inogona zvakare kuratidza maitiro asina kunaka ezvose zviri zviviri. Dzimwe motokari dzinogona kudzika pasi apo mavhiri epamberi anogamuchira simba rakawandisa mumakona, asi mamwe anogona kukurira kana mavhiri ekumashure akagamuchira simba rakawandisa. Iyi inyaya yekuravira kwemutyairi uye imwe mota.

• Zvimwe zvikamu zvinoreva uremu hwakawanda. Nekuda kwehuremu, mota inoita zvakanyanya uye inoshandisa mafuta akawanda. Zvimwe zvikamu zvinorevawo zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutyora. Pamusoro pekuti mota dzeXNUMXWD dzinowanzo dhura zvakanyanya, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa zvinogona zvakare kudhura zvakanyanya mune ramangwana.

Mavhiri ese akandinakira here?

Kune vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzinowana chando chakawanda gore rega rega, mota dzeXNUMXxXNUMX dzine musoro wekushandiswa kwemazuva ese. Mutengo wepamusoro uye hupfumi hwemafuta hwakanyanya kukosha kutyaira munzira musinou inorema kana kutyaira nemuchando chakasara netsaona. Mumatunhu akadai, mota dzemavhiri ese dzinewo mutengo wepamusoro wekutengesa.

Nekudaro, mazhinji matambudziko ekudhonza anogona kugadziriswa nematairi emwaka. Migwagwa mizhinji inogona kufambiswa kakawanda zvakakwana munzvimbo zhinji zvekuti kutyaira mavhiri mana hakuwanzodikanwa. Mavhiri ese haagadzirise mabhureki kana kuti chidhiraivho mumigwagwa inotsvedza, saka mota dzinoishandisa hadzina kuchengeteka.