Kumiswa kunogadziriswa kunoshanda sei?

Kuturika kwemota yega yega-seti yezvikamu zvinoitsigira, kuidzivirira kubva kune zvinokanganisa, uye kuibvumira kutendeuka-inomiririra dhizaini yakatarisana. Vagadziri vemotokari vanofanirwa kufunga zvinhu zvakawanda kana vachigadzira kumiswa kwe chero mota, kusanganisira:

• Weight
• mutengo
• Compactness
• Inodiwa kubata maitiro
• Anoda kutasva nyaradzo
• Mutoro unotarisirwa (Vatakuri uye Cargo) - Zvishoma uye Zvikuru
• Clearance, zvose pasi pepakati pemotokari, uye mberi uye shure
• Kumhanya uye hutsinye huchatyairwa mota
• Crash Resilience
• Service frequency uye mutengo

Nezvese izvi mupfungwa, zvinokatyamadza kuti automakers inodzikamisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakanyanya. Kumiswa kwemotokari yega yega yemazuva ano, rori uye SUV yakagadzirirwa mamiriro akasiyana uye zvakasiyana zvinotarisirwa; Hapana akakwana muzvinhu zvose, uye vashomanana ndivo vakakwana pachinhu chose. Asi kune chikamu chikuru, vatyairi vanowana zvavanotarisira: muridzi weFerrari anotarisira kuita kukuru mukumhanya kwepamusoro nekudhura kwekufambisa, nepo muridzi weRolls Royce kazhinji anotarisira uye anowana rwendo rwakanaka kubva mumotokari iyo ingangoita shoma pa. iyo hippodrome.

Kukanganisika uku kwakakwanira vanhu vazhinji, asi vamwe vatyairi - uye vamwe vagadziri - havafarire kuregeredza kana vasingafanire kudaro. Apa ndipo panogadziriswa kumiswa kunouya kuzonunura. Kumwe kumiswa kunobvumira kugadziridzwa, kungave nemutyairi kana otomatiki nemotokari pachayo, kugadzirisa dzimwe shanduko mumamiriro ezvinhu. Chaizvoizvo, mota ine inogadziriswa kumiswa inoshanda senge mbiri kana kupfuura dzakasiyana kumiswa, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa.

Dzimwe mota nyowani dzinotengeswa nekumiswa kunochinjika, nepo dzimwe dzinogadziriswa setups dzinopihwa se "aftermarket" mhinduro, zvichireva kuti mutengi wega anotenga nekudziisa. Asi ingave iri OEM (yekutanga midziyo yekugadzira - automaker) kana aftermarket, yanhasi inogadziriswa kumiswa kazhinji inobvumidza iwe kugadzirisa chimwe kana zvimwe zvezvinotevera.

Kuchenesa

Dzimwe mota dzepamusoro dzinogona kusimudza kana kudzikisa muviri zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, kazhinji otomatiki. Semuyenzaniso, iyo Tesla Model S inongosimuka kana ichipinda munzira kudzivirira zvikweshwa uye inodzika pakumhanya kwemugwagwa kuvandudza aerodynamics. Uye mamwe maSUV anogona kuisirwa pasi mumigwagwa yakati sandara yekudzikama uye hupfumi, kana yakakwira off-nzira yekuwedzera kubvumidzwa kwepasi. Kuseta uku kunogona kuita semi-otomatiki, sezvakaita Ford Expedition (iyo inosimuka kana mutyairi anobata mavhiri mana), kana zvizere manyorerwo.

Musiyano pakukwidzwa kwekukwirira kugadziridzwa ndeyekuremerwa-leveling kusimiswa, umo kureba kunogadziriswa kuti kugadzikane mitoro inorema; kazhinji mutoro uri kumashure kwemotokari uye hurongwa hunopindura nekusimudza kumashure kusvikira motokari yasvika zvakare.

Ride urefu kugadziriswa kunowanzoitwa ne airbags yakavakwa muzvitubu; Kuchinja kwemhepo kunoshandura huwandu hwekusimudza. Vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa hydraulic masisitimu kuzadzisa chinangwa chimwe chete, nemapombi anopa hydraulic pressure kubatsira kusimudza mota.

Iyo yakanyanyisa kukwira kureba kugadzirisa sarudzo ndeye aftermarket "airbag" system, iyo inobvumira mota kudzikiswa uye kusimudzwa nekukasira, dzimwe nguva kunyange kusvika padanho rekuti mota inogona kusvetuka mumhepo. Aya masisitimu akagadzirirwa zvakanyanya kune aesthetics, kwete kukwira kana kuita.

Ride Rigidity

Motokari dzinoverengeka (imwe yacho Mercedes S-Kirasi) yakashongedzerwa nekumisa kunoshanda, iyo inotsidzira kumhanyisa-kumhanya kwekufambisa nekuomesa kumiswa; vanoita basa iri vachishandisa pneumatic (mhepo) kana hydraulic (fluid) variable pressure reservoir. Ride kuomarara kugadziridzwa kunosanganisirwa mune aftermarket masisitimu ane inogadziriswa chitubu mwero uye / kana damper maitiro. Kazhinji zvigadziriso izvi zvinoda kuti iwe upinde pasi pemotokari uye nemaoko uchinje chimwe chinhu, kazhinji dial pane kuvhunduka kunoshandura maitiro ekuvhunduka kuti anyorove; Cockpit-controlled systems, kazhinji kushandisa airbags, haina kunyanya kuwanda.

Ziva kuti "sporty" kumiswa kwekumiswa, i.e. kusimba kupfuura zvakajairwa, haifanirwe kuvhiringika ne "sporty" otomatiki transmission setting, iyo inowanzoreva kuti mashift points anoiswa painjini yakakwira zvishoma pane yakajairika, inovandudza kukurumidza nekuderedzwa kwemafuta.

Imwe kumiswa geometry

Mota dzakagadzirirwa maapplication akasarudzika dzimwe nguva dzinobvumira kugadziridzwa kwakawanda, kazhinji nekutenderedza mabhaudhi kana zvimwe zvigadziriso kushandura iyo basic geometry system, sekunge nekufambisa rollbar yekunamatira mapoinzi. Saizvozvo, marori nematrailer anofanirwa kutakura mitoro inorema dzimwe nguva anopa zvitubu zvine akasiyana geometry-achifambisa machirimo ekubatanidza mapoinzi-kugarisa iwo mitoro.

Motokari dzemujaho dzakatsaurirwa dzinoenda zvakatopfuura, zvichibvumira zvinenge zvese zvekumiswa kuti zvigadziriswe. Anokwanisa mujaho makanika anogona kugadzirisa mota yemujaho kune yega yega track. Kusvika zvishoma, maitiro akadaro anogona kushandiswa pamotokari dzemugwagwa, kunyange sezvo kugadzirisa kunowanzoda zvishandiso uye nguva dzose kunoda kumisa motokari, haigoni kushandiswa kugadzirisa kuchinja kwekukurumidza sekumhanya kwepamusoro.

Height-adjustable suspension iri kuwedzera kuwanda sekupa fekitori sezvo nyaya dzehupfumi hwemafuta dzichikura. Mota zhinji dzinenge dziine aerodynamic, zvichirevawo kuti mafuta ari nani kana akadzikira. Mamwe marudzi ekumisikidzwa anochinjika akanyorwa pamusoro anowanikwa mumashure memarket masisitimu, kunyanya anochinjika anodzvanya mashura uye "coilovers" (masisitimu anosanganisira coil chitubu uye inosanganiswa inogadziriswa yekuvhunduka inopinza kana strut). Asi mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, chinangwa chakafanana: kubatanidza kugadziridzwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana kana mamiriro.