Maitiro akasiyana sei tekinoroji yehybrid inoshanda mumotokari

Parizvino, mota yakasanganiswa yedemocratized yave mukutanga kwayo, nguva yekuchinja pakati pekupisa nemagetsi drive, saka mota dzinoshandisa aya matekinoroji panguva imwe chete. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti iyi izwi repasi rose rinovanza akasiyana matekinoroji, kubva kune anecdotal mahybrids kusvika kune "heavy" mahybrids. Saka ngatitarisei kune akasiyana mahybridizations aripo, pamwe nezvose zvakanakira nezvazvakaipira zvekupedzisira.

Tisati tafunga nezveakasiyana matopology uye tekinoroji magadzirirwo emotokari dzehybrid (magungano akasiyana), isu tichatanga taita kupatsanurwa nekugadzirisa mudziyo.

Nhanho dzakasiyana dzekusanganiswa

Mbeu dzakauchikwa chaizvo isina kusimba MHEV ("microhybrid" / "FALSE" kusanganiswa)

Voltage:	Yakaderera / 48V
Rechargeable:	kwete
Kutyaira kwemagetsi:	kwete
kuwandisa:	<30kg
Kukwana kwebhatiri:	<0.8 кВтч

Mamwe mazinga ekusanganiswa akareruka, izvi zvinonyanya kuitika ne 48 volts pamwero we crankshaft pulley (izvi zvisati zvangogumira pakumira nekutanga, jenareta-mutangi haana kugamuchira ikozvino kuti akwanise kubatsira injini. Motokari) ... Yakashongedzwa nemabhatiri emicroscope mashoma pane 0.7 kWhIni handione tekinoroji iyi seyakasanganiswa zvechokwadi. Masimba anogadzirwa nemagetsi akanyanya anecdotal kuti atongwe saizvozvo. Uye sezvo torque ichiendeswa kumavhiri kuburikidza nemotor (kuburikidza nedamper pulley), 100% kufamba kwemagetsi zviri pachena hazvigoneke. Ngwarira varimi vanowedzera matani kurudzi urwu rwetekinoroji, zvichikubvumidza iwe kuti utende mukusanganiswa kusingagumi (muchokwadi, ndizvo zvese zvinotora kusevha mashoma magiramu ekurangwa kwezvakatipoteredza). Naizvozvo, ndinoda kusiyanisa iyi hybridization kubva kune inotevera.

Chenjerera vagadziri vanoshungurudza izvi, MHEV hybridization inogona kutsanangurwa se "ngano" nekuti ndeye anecdotal.

Iwe unovaziva ne48V kana MHEV nomenclature. Tinogona kutaura, semuenzaniso, e-TSI kana Ecoboost MHEV.

Nyoro yakasanganiswa ("REAL" yakasanganiswa) HEV

Voltage:	Yakakwirira / ~ 200 V
Rechargeable:	kwete
Kutyaira kwemagetsi:	hongu
kuwandisa:	30 kusvika 70 kg
Kukwana kwebhatiri:	Kubva 1 kusvika 3 kWh

Naizvozvo, hatichisiri muno mukati

chaizvo

mwenje inovimbisa kushoma Kubva 1 kusvika 3 kWh, kana kubva pa1 kusvika pa3 km pane yakazara magetsi). Saka, pano tiri kutaura nezve hybridization iri nyore, asi ichiri sequential hybridization (kuti ienderane nechikamu chinoratidzwa mushure me[PHEV], heino musiyano wePHEV yechiedza saka isingachajikezve). Nokudaro, tinogona kutyaira zvakakwana pamagetsi, kunyange kana iri chinhambwe chipfupi zvikuru. Chinangwa pano chinonyanya kuderedza kushandiswa, kwete kuvhara 100% yemagetsi ekufamba kure. Mamiriro akanyanya kunaka ndeye spark plugs, nharaunda umo yazvino, yakadzikira yakananga jekiseni injini inova yakanyanya simba (yakapfuma injini yekutonhodza musanganiswa uyo unonyanya kufarira kupisa kwakaonda, asi ichi chingori chikamu chetsananguro). Saka iwe hauwane chero chinhu pa Expressways: yenyika / yedhipatimendi / mota. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, mafuta edhiziri anoramba aine mari yakawanda (uye nekudaro yepasi!).

Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa pane zvese ndeye Toyota's HSD hybridization nekuti yave iripo kwemakore! Nokudaro, iyo ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ... Kuvimbika kwayo kunonyatsozivikanwa uye basa rayo rinonyatsofungisisa.

Nguva pfupi yadarika, tichange tichitaura nezve Renault E-Tech hybrid, iyo, seToyota, inomisikidzwa muhunyanzvi tekinoroji isina mumwe munhu (pano hausi mupi wemidziyo, asi mhando yakatoigadzira). ... Ndizvo zvimwe chete neMitsubishi IMMD.

PHEV plug-in hybrid ("REAL" hybrid)

Voltage:	Yakanyanya kukwirira / ~ 400 V
Rechargeable:	hongu
Kutyaira kwemagetsi:	hongu
kuwandisa:	100 kusvika 500 kg
Kukwana kwebhatiri:	Kubva 7 kusvika 30 kWh

Yakasanganiswa yakadaro inogona kuve yakakodzerwa se "inorema", nekuti pane-bhodhi midziyo iri kure nekuseka uye kureruka (kubva pa100 kusvika 500 kg yekuwedzera: bhatiri, magetsi emagetsi uye mota yemagetsi) ...

Isu tinozotakura bhatiri, iyo inogona kubva Kubva 7 kusvika 30 kWh, zvakakwana kutyaira kubva ku20 kusvika kune anenge 100 km, zvichienderana nemotokari (yazvino zvikuru).

Sezvimwe nezvimwe hybridization calibrations, isu tine akasiyana matekinoroji. Tichiri kuwana iyo Renault E-Tech yakasanganiswa, asi pano yakabatana nebhatiri hombe rinochajwa kuburikidza nekubuda kunze. Nekuti kana Clio iine 1.2 kWh lightweight version, Captur kana Mégane 4 inogona kubatsirwa ne9.8 kWh version, iyo yatingazokodzera kuve heavy hybridization. Iyo X5 45e ichabatsirwa ne24 kWh vhezheni, iyo inokwana kuvhara 90 km pamagetsi ese.

Mhando iyi yemotokari inogona kukurumidza kusvika ku130 km / h pamagetsi ose emagetsi, vagadziri vanoita sevakazvigadzirisa ivo pachavo (vanopa zvinenge zvose zvakafanana).

Mazhinji mahybrids erudzi urwu anowanzo kuve nemagetsi mota iri padhuze neiyo clutch / torque converter, saka pakati peinjini negearbox. Renault yakagonesa gearbox ndokubvisa batira, uye Toyota inoshandisa yeplaneti giya chitima kusanganisa mafuturu uye magetsi emagetsi pamakumbo (HSD haichabatidzike paunowedzera bhatiri re8.8 kWh pairi. Bhatiri rinogona kudzoreredzwa kuburikidza nechiteshi. )

Yakasiyana madhizaini emota dzakasanganiswa

Chiedza musangano MHEV / Micro hybrid 48V

Iyi sisitimu inoshanda kune yakaderera voltages, iyo 24 kana 48 V (inenge nguva dzose 48 V). Panguva ino tiri kutaura nezve kushongedza mota ne "yakanakisa" kumira uye kutanga sisitimu, iyo isingagumiri pakutangazve mota. Uyezve, inobatsira injini yekupisa kunyange kana iri kufamba. Iyi sisitimu haibvumire kuti ushande zvachose nemagetsi, asi inoshanduka kuita inoshanduka uye iri nyore maitiro anogona kuiswa chero kupi! Pakupedzisira, iyi ingangove yakapusa sisitimu yezvese, kunyangwe kana pekutanga kuona zvichiita sezviri nyore kwauri. Asi ndicho chiedza chechiedza chinoita kuti chinakidze ...

Parallel hybrid marongerwo

Muchigadziro ichi, mota mbiri dzinogona kutenderedza mavhiri, ingave inopisa chete, kana magetsi chete (pamahybrids akazara), kana ese ari maviri panguva imwe chete. Kuunganidzwa kwemasimba kuchaenderana nezvimwe zvakasiyana (ona pazasi: kuunganidzwa kwemasimba). Uyewo cherechedza kuti zvimwe zvezvikamu zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana zvishoma, asi pfungwa yacho inoramba yakafanana: magetsi uye anopisa anotyaira mavhiri kuburikidza nebhokisi regiya. Muenzaniso ndeweGerman mahybrids senge e-Tron / GTE masisitimu. Iyi sisitimu iri kuramba ichipararira nekuwedzera uye inofanira kuve yakawanda.

Verenga: ruzivo rwekushanda kweiyo hybridization e-Tron (inotenderera uye yakareba) uye GTE.

Ndapota cherechedza kuti ndakasarudza kugadzira madhayagiramu angu ane transverse injini kuronga, kureva, dzakawanda dzemotokari dzedu. Luxury sedans anowanzo ari munzvimbo yakareba. Ziva zvakare kuti ndiri kutaura pano batira iyo inobvisa injini kubva mukutakura (saka zvingave zvakakosha kuwedzera batira kana shanduko pakati pemagetsi emagetsi pamwe negearbox kuwedzera padunhu. Asi vamwe vanhu vanobatanidza mota yemagetsi yakanangana ne iro giya bhokisi, Muenzaniso neE-Tense uye HYbrid / HYbrid4 kubva PSA

Iyi isystem pane Mercedes ine longitudinal injini. Ini ndaratidza mune tsvuku mota yemagetsi yakatarisana neiyo torque converter. Kurudyi kune gearbox (yepuraneti, nokuti BVA), uye kuruboshwe kune injini.

Hybrid Mount Series

Mamwe masisitimu akazviona zvakasiyana, sezvo mota yemagetsi chete inogona kutyaira mavhiri. Ipapo injini yekupisa inongoshanda sejenareta remagetsi rekugadzirisa mabhatiri. Iyo injini pachayo haina hukama nekutapurirana uye saka nemavhiri, hazvigoneke kuti chikamu chemakanika, zvakanyanya zvekuti inoiswa parutivi. Pano unogona kureva BMW i3 kana Chevrolet Volt / Opel Ampera (binoculars).

Pano, motokari yemagetsi chete inogona kufambisa motokari, sezvo ndiyo chete inobatanidza kumavhiri. Tinogona kufunga kuti iyi imotokari yemagetsi, iyo ichava nejenereta yekuwedzera kuwedzera kuzvitonga. Injini yekupisa inogadzira mazana emabhiza haizonyanya kushandiswa sezvo ichingoshanda kugadzira magetsi.

Series-parallel installation

Pano iwe ungangove nedambudziko rakawanda kubata iyo pfungwa nekukurumidza ... Chokwadi, inoshanduka kuve yakangwara sekunetsa kwayo kunzwisisa. Chikamu chechikonzero chiri muchitima chegiya repasi, chinobvumira simba kuti richengetwe pane imwe shaft kubva kune maviri akasiyana masosi: mota yemagetsi uye injini yekupisa. Ndiko zvakare kuomarara kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinofamba zvinoshanda pamwechete, pamwe nemaitiro mazhinji ekushanda anoita kuti sisitimu pasi rose ive yakaoma kudzidza (musanganiswa wepfungwa dzakaoma dzine chekuita neketani yekutapurirana, kunyanya epicyclic chitima, asi. zvakare kushandiswa kwesimba remagetsi seyekugadzira ikozvino uye yekufambisa torque ine clutch effect). Inonzi inoteedzana / inoenderana nekuti inosanganisa zvishoma nzira mbiri dzekushanda (dzinoomesesa zvinhu ...).

Verenga zvimwe: Mashandiro anoita Toyota Hybrid (HSD).

Kuvaka kunosiyana kubva kuchizvarwa nechizvarwa, asi musimboti wakafanana

Iyo chaiyo dhizaini yakatarisa pasi nekuti kana ichionekwa kubva kune yakatarisana ...

Dissociated / Differentiated Hybrid

Tinogona kutaura, semuenzaniso, iyo PSA (kana kuti panzvimbo Aisin) Hybrid4 system, umo mota yemagetsi iri yemavhiri ekumashure, nepo kumberi kuri kwakajairika neinjini yekupisa (dzimwe nguva zvakare iri hybrid kumberi seRav4 HSD kana kunyange yechipiri chizvarwa HYbrid2 uye HYbrid4 mune dzimwe nguva).

Nhanho dzakasiyana dzekusanganiswa

Tisati tatarisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira mota yakasanganiswa, ngatitangei tatarisa paduramazwi rinotsanangura zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kusanganiswa:

• Zara musanganiswa : chaizvoizvo "yakazara hybrid": magetsi ane inokwana 30% yehuwandu hwehuwandu. Iyo mota yemagetsi (uye panogona kunge paine akati wandei) inokwanisa kuzvimiririra kupa mafambiro emakiromita akati wandei.
• Chivhariso-mune chemasanganiswa : Yakazara plug-in hybrid. Mabhatiri anogona kubatanidzwa zvakananga kune mains.
• Hunyoro nyoro / Microhybrid : Muchiitiko ichi, motokari haizokwanisi kutyaira zvachose pamagetsi, kunyange nemakiromita maduku. Saka, iyo inopisa mufananidzo inogara yakabatidzwa. Mazuva ano 48V shanduro kunyange zvakarongeka kubatsira injini kuburikidza damper pulley. Mushanduro dzekutanga dze2010s, yaive yakaganhurirwa kune yakagadziridzwa Stop uye Sart, nekuti yaidzorwa nejenareta-mutangi, uye kwete yenguva dzose yekutanga (saka isu tinokwanisa kudzoreredza simba panguva yekuderera, izvo zvisingagone kuitika ne classic starter hongu)

Sei simba risingaiti nguva dzose?

Munyaya ye hybrid inotungamirirwa nemotokari yemagetsi, iyo pachayo inopomerwa nejenereta inopisa (kana injini ...), zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti hapana chinofanira kuitwa ... Rega simba rinopisa rive 2 kana 1000 horsepower. haizoshandure chero chinhu, sezvo ichingoshandiswa pakuchaja mabhatiri. Chaizvoizvo inogona chete kuridzwa pakurodhazve kumhanya.

Kune imwe tsika yechinyakare (mota yechinyakare dhizaini ine inotsigira mota yemagetsi), simba remagetsi uye injini yekupisa kuunganidza asi hazvifanire kuguma nekungosiya basa.

Zvechokwadi, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa kuunganidza, semuenzaniso:

• Sisitimu dhizaini (ko iyo yemagetsi dhiraivhu inofambisa iwo akafanana mavhiri seanopisa mufananidzo? Kwete paHybrid4, i.e. parallel hybrid kana nhevedzano-yakafanana)
• Simba rebhatiri (kumisikidza mota yemagetsi) inoita basa rakakosha kwazvo. Nekuti kusiyana nekupisa, iyo inofambiswa nemafuta kubva mutangi (2 litita inokwana kupa simba 8 hp V500 kwemasekonzi mashoma), mota yemagetsi haizokwanise kuendesa simba rayo rese kana bhatiri risina kukwana ( zvinenge zvakangofanana neinjini ichave nemagetsi), ndizvo zvazviri pane mamwe mamodheru. Kuenzaniswa nedhiziri locomotive, zvinoita sekunge kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakaganhurirwa ...
• Unyanzvi hunhu hwemamota maviri akabatana. Injini haibudisi simba rakafanana pamusoro pekumhanya kwese (injini inonzi ine X horsepower pa X rpm, simba rinova rakasiyana paY zvose / min). Nokudaro, kana maviri emagetsi akabatanidzwa, simba guru harisviki kune simba guru remagetsi maviri. Muenzaniso: kupisa kunobuda 200 HP pa 3000 rpm pamwe chete nemagetsi akabuda e50 hp. pa 2000 rpm haizokwanisi kupa 250 hp. pa 3000 rpm, sezvo motokari yemagetsi yakanga ine simba guru (50) pa 2000 t / min. Pa3000 rpm inongogadzira 40 hp, saka 200 + 40 = 240 hp.

Wese makomendi uye maitiro

ekupedzisira komenda yakatumirwa:

Emrys pro (Zuva: 2021, 06:30:07)

Lexus RX 400h 2010 г.

Ndine dambudziko nekuchaja bhatiri re12V. Vanoda rubatsiro ndapota

Il J. 1 reaction (s) kune ichi chirevo:

• Admin SITE MUDZIMAI (2021-07-01 10:32:38): Sezvo pasina alternator, yakabatana nemagetsi emagetsi anodzora mafambiro emagetsi.

(Yako posvo ichaonekwa pasi pechinyorwa mushure mekusimbiswa)

Nyora mhinduro

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