Nzira yekuchengetedza sei turbocharger? Nzira yekushandisa sei turbo motokari?
Muchikamu chechina chechirongwa chakaitwa nevapepeti veMotofakty.pl, tiri kutsvaga mhinduro dzemibvunzo ine chekuita neturbocharger. Kuti chii, kuti inoshanda sei, painotyoka uye nzira yekuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hwesevhisi.
Nhamba yemotokari dzine turbocharger pasi pehood inoramba ichikura. Isu tinopa zano mashandisiro emota yakadaro kudzivirira inodhura recharging kugadzirisa. Iyo yakawanda yakawanda yeinjini dzemotokari nyowani dzakashongedzerwa nematurbocharger. Compressors, i.e. mechanical compressors, haina kuwanda. Basa rezvose zviri zviviri kumanikidzira mweya wakawedzerwa sezvinobvira mukamuri yekupisa yeinjini. Kana yakasanganiswa nemafuta, izvi zvinounza rimwe simba.
Mune zvose compressor uye turbocharger, rotor ine basa rekupa imwe mhepo. Nekudaro, apa ndipo panopera kufanana pakati pemidziyo miviri iyi. Iyo compressor inoshandiswa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu muMercedes, inofambiswa ne torque kubva ku crankshaft, inofambiswa nebhandi. Exhaust gasi kubva pakupisa inotyaira iyo turbocharger. Nenzira iyi, iyo turbocharged system inomanikidza mhepo yakawanda kupinda muinjini, zvichikonzera simba rinoguma uye kushanda zvakanaka. Ese ari maviri ekusimudzira masisitimu ane zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Isu tinozonzwa mutsauko mukutyaira neimwe kana imwe kanenge pakarepo mushure mekutangwa. Injini ine compressor inokubvumira kuti urambe uchiwedzera kuwedzera kwesimba, kutanga kubva pakaderera kumhanya. Mumotokari yeturbo, tinogona kuvimba nemhedzisiro yekutyaira muchigaro. Iyo turbine inobatsira kuwana yakakwirira torque pane yakaderera rpm pane yakasikwa inoshuvira mayunitsi. Izvi zvinoita kuti injini iwedzere kusimba. Sezvineiwo, kukunda kukanganisa kwezvigadziriso zvese zviri zviviri, zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa panguva imwe chete. Kusimbisa injini ne turbocharger uye compressor inodzivirira mhedzisiro ye turbo lag, ndiko kuti, kudonha kwe torque mushure mekuchinja kune yakakwira giya.
Supercharged kana zvakasikwa aspirated injini?
Ese ari maviri supercharged uye neakasikwa aspirated units ane zvawo zvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira. Muchiitiko chekare, zvakakosha zvakakosha ndezvi: simba rakaderera, zvinoreva kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta, kubudiswa uye mari yakaderera inosanganisira inishuwarenzi, kushanduka kukuru uye kuderedza mari yekushandisa injini. Nehurombo, injini ye turbocharged zvakare inoreva kutadza kwakawanda, dhizaini yakaoma, uye, zvinosuruvarisa, hupenyu hupfupi. Chinhu chikuru chakashata cheinjini inoshuva yakasikwa isimba rayo repamusoro uye mashoma masimba. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekureruka kwavo dhizaini, mauniti akadaro akachipa uye ari nyore kugadzirisa, uye zvakare anogara akasimba. Panzvimbo yekusundidzira chirevo, ivo vanopa yakapfava asi yakaenzana yunifomu simba rekuwedzera pasina iyo turbo lag maitiro.
Kwemakore mazhinji, turbocharger yakaiswa kunyanya peturu injini dzemitambo mota uye dizeli zvikamu. Parizvino, mota dzakakurumbira dzine turbocharged peturu injini dziri kuwedzera kuoneka muzvitoro zvemotokari. Semuenzaniso, mhando dzeVolkswagen Group dzine hupfumi hwekupa. Mugadziri weGerman anoshongedza hombe uye inorema VW Passat ine TSI injini ye1.4 litres chete. Pasinei nehukuru hunoita sehudiki, chikwata chinovandudza simba re 125 hp. Kusvika 180 hp MaGerman anosvina 1.8 TSI kunze kweyuniti, uye 2.0 TSI inoburitsa kusvika ku300 hp. Injini dzeTSI dzave kutanga kudarika dzakakurumbira TDI-branded turbodiesels.
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