Ko mota dzemazuvano dzinofambiswa sei?

Vanhu vazhinji vanga vari mukati memotokari vanoziva chidhiraivho uye kuti chinoshandiswa sei. Vanhu vazhinji vanga vabuda mumotokari vanoziva mavhiri epamberi uye kuti vanogona kutendeukira kuchiso kuruboshwe kana kurudyi. Vashoma vanhu vanonyatsoziva kuti chidhiraivho nemavhiri emberi zvakabatanidzwa sei, uye kunyangwe vanhu vashoma vanoziva huinjiniya chaihwo hunodiwa kugadzira mubato wemota yemazuva ano zvinofanofungidzira uye zvinogara zvakadaro. Saka chii chinoita kuti zvese zvishande?

Pamusoro pasi

Motokari dzemazuva ano dzinoshandisa chidhiraivho chinonzi rack and pinion steering.

• Chidhiraivho chiri pamberi pechigaro chemutyairi uye ndicho chine basa rekupa mutyairi mhinduro pane zviri kuitwa nemavhiri, uyewo chinoita kuti mutyairi akwanise kudzora kuti mavhiri anenge akananga kupi nekutenderedza vhiri. Dzinouya mumhando dzakawanda uye hukuru, uye dzimwe dzinosanganisira airbags uye zvidzoreso zvemamwe masisitimu emotokari.

• Mugero, wakapihwa zita rekuti chidhiraivho, unobva pavhiri remota. Motokari itsva dzakawanda dzine zvidhiraivho zvinoputsika kana paitika tsaona, zvichidzivirira kukuvara kwakakomba kumutyairi.

• Panguva ino, mumotokari ine hydraulic power steering, shaft yekutungamirira inopinda zvakananga muvhavha inotenderera. Ivhavha inotenderera inovhura nekuvhara sezvainotenderera kuti ibvumidze kudzvanywa kwehydraulic fluid kubatsira dhiraivha mukutenderedza pinion giya. Izvi zvinofambisa zvakanyanya kubata, kunyanya pakumhanya kwakaderera uye kana kwakamira.

  • Hydraulic power steering inoshandisa hydraulic pump inotyairwa nebhandi rakabatana nejini yemotokari. Pombi inodzvanya hydraulic fluid uye mitsara ye hydraulic inomhanya kubva papombi ichienda kuvharuvhu inotenderera pazasi pechidhiraivho. Vatyairi vazhinji vanosarudza rudzi urwu rwekutungamirira simba, zvose nokuda kwekuita kwayo uye nemhinduro yainopa mutyairi. Nechikonzero ichi, mota zhinji dzemitambo dzakashandisa hydraulic power steering kana kwete zvachose kwemakumi emakore. Zvisinei, kufambira mberi munguva pfupi yapfuura mukutungamirira simba remagetsi kwakaunza nguva itsva yemagetsi emagetsi ekufambisa motokari dzemitambo.

• Kana mota iine mota yemagetsi yakaiswa padivi pechidhiraivho panzvimbo, mota yacho inoshongedzerwa nemagetsi emagetsi. Iyi sisitimu inopa kuchinjika kukuru pakusarudza kwekuisa mota yemagetsi, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kudzoreredza mota dzechikuru. Iyi sisitimu zvakare haidi hydraulic pombi.

  • Magetsi emagetsi ekufambisa anoshandisa mota yemagetsi kubatsira kushandura shaft yekumhanyisa kana pinion giya zvakananga. Sensor iri padivi pechidhiraivho chinotarisa kuti mutyairi akaomesa sei vhiri uye dzimwe nguva anotarisisa kuti isimba rakadii rakashandiswa kutenderedza vhiri (rinozivikanwa sekumhanya sensitivity). Komputa yemotokari inozogadzirisa data iyi uye yoisa simba rakakodzera kumota yemagetsi kubatsira mutyairi kufambisa mota mukubwaira kweziso. Kunyange zvazvo hurongwa uhwu hwakachena uye hunoda kugadziriswa zvishoma kudarika hydraulic system, vatyairi vakawanda vanoti magetsi emagetsi anonzwa ari kunze uye anogona kubatsira zvakanyanya mumatambudziko akawanda. Nekudaro, magetsi emagetsi ekufambisa masisitimu anovandudza negore rega rega remuenzaniso, saka mukurumbira uyu uri kuchinja.

• Kana pasina chinhu pamagumo ekutungamirira shaft kunze kwegiya rekutyaira, ipapo motokari haina simba rinotungamirira. Iyo giya iri pamusoro pechidhiraivho.

  • Chidhiraivho isimbi yakareba simbi inofambirana nemberi. Mazino, akarongedzerwa mumutsara wakatwasuka pamwe chete nechepamusoro pe rack, gadzirisa zvakakwana nemazino emagetsi emotokari. Iyo giya inotenderera uye inofambisa rack yakachinjika kuruboshwe uye kurudyi pakati pemavhiri epamberi. Iyi gungano ine basa rekushandura simba rekutenderera revhiri kuita kufamba kuruboshwe nekurudyi, inobatsira pakufambisa mavhiri maviri akafanana. Saizi yepinion giya maererano nechidhiraivho chinotaridza kuti mabhindauko mangani echidhiraivho anotora kushandura mota imwe huwandu. Diki giya zvinoreva kureruka kutenderera kwevhiri, asi mamwe marevs ekuita kuti mavhiri atendeuke nzira yese.

• Zvisungo zvisungo zvinogara pamigumo miviri yechidhiraivho

  • Matayi marefu, matete anobatanidza zvidimbu zvinongoda kusimba zvakanyanya kana zvatsikirirwa kana kudhonzwa. Simba riri pane imwe kona raigona kupeta tsvimbo nyore nyore.

• Zvisungo zvinosungirirana kune chidhiraivho mativi ese, uye matinji echidhiraivho anodzora mavhiri kuti atenderere kuruboshwe uye kurudyi mu tandem.

Chinhu chekuyeuka pamusoro pechidhiraivho ndechekuti haisiriyo yega system mumotokari inoda kufambiswa nemazvo pakumhanya. Iyo suspension system inoitawo kufamba kwakawanda, zvinoreva kuti mota inotenderera ichienda nepamusoro penzvimbo ine mabhampa zviri nani pakukwanisa kufambisa mavhiri emberi kudivi uye kumusoro nekudzika panguva imwe chete. Apa ndipo panopinda mabhora majoini. Mubatanidzwa uyu unotaridzika sebhora pamapfupa emunhu. Ichi chikamu chinopa mafambiro emahara, achibvumira akasimba kwazvo ekutungamira uye ekumisa masisitimu kuti ashande tandem.

Maintenance nezvimwe zvinonetsa

Nekufamba kwakawanda kwekudzora pasi pesimba rakawanda, iyo inotungamira system inogona kunyatso kurova. Zvikamu zvakagadzirirwa kutsigira huremu hwemotokari inotenderera zvakanyanya pakumhanya kwepamusoro. Kana chimwe chinhu chikazotadza uye chikatadza, zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwekureba uye kubvaruka. Kukanganisa kwakasimba kana kubonderana kunogonawo kutyora zvikamu zvakanyanya. Tai tsvimbo yakatyoka inogona kuita kuti vhiri ritenderere uye rimwe kuti rirambe rakati twasu, inova mamiriro ezvinhu akaipa kwazvo. Bhora rakasakara rejoini rinogona kushinyira uye kuita kuti chidhiraivho chiite manyemwe. Pese panoitika dambudziko, ita shuwa kuti tariswe nekukasira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza mota uye kutyaira.