Kuti nhamba dzemotokari dzeSoviet dzakataridzika uye dzakatsanangurwa sei
Zviri mukati
Dambudziko guru nenhamba dzekutanga dzeUSSR mota nderekuti havana kuratidza dunhu ravakapihwa. Mazita etsamba aipihwa nemaarufabheti pasina chero nharaunda.
Kusiyana nezvinofungwa nevakawanda, kunyoreswa kwemotokari muRussia kwakatanga nguva refu isati yatanga. Asi muna 1931 chete ndiyo yaive yakajairika chiyero cherezinesi mahwendefa eUSSR yakagamuchirwa. Ngationei kuti nhamba dzemotokari dzeSoviet dzakanga dzakaita sei.
Nhamba dzemotokari dzeUSSR dzaive dzakaita sei?
Muyero wenhamba dzekunyoresa mota muUSSR zvachinja munhoroondo yenyika.
Mune 1931 gore
Kuchinja kwemaindasitiri muSoviet Union kwakatungamirira kukugadzirwa kwendiro yerezinesi rimwe chete. Kubva panguva yeHumambo hweRussia kusvika kuma30s ezana ramakore rechi20. mamiriro ezvinhu mumigwagwa haana kuchinja zvakanyanya, saka mitemo yakagamuchirwa pasi pemambo yakashandiswa kuratidza motokari. Dunhu rimwe nerimwe raive nerayo. Usakanganwa kuti panguva iyoyo kwakanga kusina migwagwa mikuru, uye kufamba nemotokari pakati pemaguta kwakanga kwakaoma zvikuru - pakanga pasina chikonzero chegadziriro imwe chete kana nharaunda.
Zvose zvakashanduka muna 1931. Nhamba yekutanga yeU.SR pamotokari yakaita seyiyi - rectangular white tin ndiro ine mavara madema. Paive nemavara mashanu - tsamba imwe yechiCyrillic uye mbiri mbiri dzenhamba dzechiArab, dzakapatsanurwa nehyphen. Chiyero chekugara chakagamuchirwa panguva iyoyo chinozivikanwa kumunhu wese nhasi. Panofanira kunge paine mahwendefa maviri akafanana, uye aifanira kunge akabatanidzwa kumberi nekumashure mabhampa emota. Pamudhudhudhu - pamberi uye kumashure mafenda.
1931 rezinesi mapepa
Pakutanga, chiyero chakadaro chakagamuchirwa chete muMoscow, asi kare muna 1932 chakawedzerwa kunyika yose.
Mugore rimwe chete, nhamba dze "nguva imwe chete" dzakabudiswa - dzakasiyana kubva kune dzakajairwa nemashoko okuti "Muedzo" uye nechokwadi chokuti panzvimbo yembiri, nhamba imwe chete yakadhindwa pavari. Zviratidzo zvakadaro zvakashandiswa kune imwe nguva nzendo.
Mune 1934 gore
Dambudziko guru nenhamba dzekutanga dzeUSSR mota nderekuti havana kuratidza dunhu ravakapihwa. Mazita etsamba aipihwa nemaarufabheti pasina chero nharaunda.
Dambudziko rakagadziriswa zviri nyore - manejimendi haana kugadzira masisitimu ematunhu makodhi. Zvino, pasi penhamba pachayo pandiro, zita reguta rakawedzerwa, uko bazi reDortrans, iro rakabudisa chiratidzo ichi, raivapo. Muna 1934 kwakanga kune madhipatimendi akadaro 45, gare gare nhamba yawo yakawedzera.
Nhamba yacho pachayo yakachinjawo - tsamba iri mairi yakashandurwa kuita nhamba. Maererano nechiyero chehurumende, panofanira kunge kune nhamba shanu, asi mutemo uyu hauna kuonekwa kwose kwose.
USSR nhamba yemotokari (1934)
Tsika yenhamba dzekuedza zvakare haina kuenda - dzakaunzwawo pasi pechiyero chitsva. Paive nesarudzo dzine zita rekuti "Transit".
1936 standard
Muna 1936, chimwe chiitiko chakakosha chakaitika munharaunda yekufambisa yehupenyu hwehurumende - muna July, State Automobile Inspectorate yakagadzwa neUnited of People's Commissars yeU.S.SR. Kubva ipapo, zvese zviito zvine marezinesi ma plates zvakatamiswa pasi pesimba rayo.
Mugore rimwe chete, mapurisa emigwagwa akachinja zvakare modhi yerezinesi mahwendefa emotokari muUSSR. Ndiro pachayo yakawedzera kukura, munda wakasviba, uye zviratidzo zvaive zvichena. Nenzira, chiyero chekugadzira chenhamba idzi chichiri kutorwa sechisina kunaka. Simbi yedenga yakashandiswa sechinhu, icho chaisakwanisa kumira mitoro yemugwagwa, uye mahwendefa aiwanzoputsika.
Gore rino, kekutanga, hurongwa hwekudanwa kwenzvimbo hwakagadzirwa - ikozvino dunhu rega rega rine kodhi yayo yetsamba.
Motokari nhamba muenzaniso 1936
Nhamba yacho pachayo yakaunzwa kune iyi fomati: mavara maviri (vakaratidza dunhu), nzvimbo uye mbiri mbiri dzenhamba dzakaparadzaniswa nehyphen. Ichi chirongwa chakange chatocherechedzwa zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kupfuura chakapfuura, hapana kutsauka kubva kuhuwandu hwemavara kwakabvumidzwa. Iyo ndiro yakagadzirwa mumhando mbiri. Mutsara mumwechete (rectangular) wakabatanidzwa kune bumper yepamberi yemotokari, mutsara miviri (yakanga iri pedyo nechikwere muchimiro) - kumashure.
Munguva iyi, zvakakosha kucherechedzwa zvakanangana nenhamba dzemauto - ivo vaivewo nechiyero chavo, asi chaicherechedzwa zvakanyanya kushoma pane veruzhinji. Huwandu hwevanhu vari papepa rezinesi reRed Army mota inogona kusiyanisa kubva kune mana kusvika matanhatu, ivo vakagovaniswa zvisina tsarukano, uye dzimwe nguva mavara akasarudzika akawedzerwa mundiro - semuenzaniso, nyeredzi.
Autonomous mahwendefa eUSSR muna 1946
Hondo yapera, zvaive nyore kuti nyika igadzirise marezinesi pane kuisa hurongwa hweakaunzi hwazvino. Kuwanda kwemidziyo yakaunganidzwa, uye haisi yese yakanyoreswa zvakare maererano nemitemo. Motokari dzemikombe dzaitenderera nenyika dzakawanda dzaidawo kunyoreswa. Vapambi, avo vakanyoresa zvakare motokari maererano nemitemo yavo, vakaunzawo chikamu chavo chemhirizhonga.
1946 rezinesi mapepa
Chiyero chitsva chakaziviswa muna 1946. Mapurisa emigwagwa akachengetedza pre-war rekodhi fomati nenzira yemabhii maviri nenhamba ina (apo mabhii akatsanangurwa sekodhi yedunhu), chete kutaridzika kwechiratidzo pachayo kwakachinja. Canvas yake yakaita yero uye mavara matema. Kupatsanurwa kuita mutsara mumwe uye kaviri-mutsara zvakare kunosara.
GOST 1959
Mumakore epashure pehondo, mwero wemota mu Union of Soviet Socialist Republics wakakura nekukurumidza, uye pakupera kwema50, mabhii maviri-mana-manhamba efomati manhamba aive asina kukwana.
Zvakasarudzwa kuwedzera imwe tsamba kune nhamba dzemotokari dzeUSSR. Mukuwedzera, muna 1959 mapurisa emigwagwa akasiya jira reyero rechiratidzo - chitarisiko chakadzokera kune pre-war format. Ndiro pachayo yakashanduka dema zvakare, uye zviratidzo zvakashanduka zvichena. Zvikwangwani zvine mavara maviri zvakaramba zvichishandiswa, asi zvino zvaigona kupihwa kumotokari dzemauto.
Autonomous mahwendefa eUSSR muna 1959
Kusanganiswa kwakakurumidza kupera zvakare nekuti imwe nhamba haina kupihwa kumota kwehupenyu hwese - yakachinja nekutengesa kwega kwega. Panguva imwecheteyo, pfungwa yenhamba yekufambisa yakaunzwa, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa kumunhu wemazuva ano - zviratidzo zvakadaro zvakaitwa nepepa uye zvakabatanidzwa kumberi uye kumashure mahwindo emotokari.
Gare gare (muna 1965) iyo yero kumashure kwenhamba yakaendeswa kumichina yekurima.
1981 nhamba
Kuchinja kunotevera kwakaitika mushure meMoscow Olympics, muna 1980.
Mamiriro matsva emakamuri akanga atonyanya kuyeuchidza nezvemazuva ano. Sepakutanga kwenhoroondo yeSoviet rezinesi mahwendefa pamotokari, ndiro yakava chena, uye zviratidzo zvakava zvitema.
Mapepa erezinesi a1981
Muchokwadi, zviyero zviviri zvakagamuchirwa gore iroro kamwechete - yemotokari dzakavanzika uye dzehurumende. Asi hapana kuchinja kukuru kwakatevera. Kuonekwa chete kwenhamba dzemotokari dzeSoviet uye kurongeka kwekunyora zviratidzo pavari zvakachinja. Zvinyorwa zvinoramba zvakafanana - nhamba ina, mavara matatu (maviri anoratidza nharaunda, uye imwezve).
Saizi yemarezinesi mahwendefa eUSSR
Saizi yemarezinesi mahwendefa muSoviet Union yakachinja nguva dzose nekugamuchirwa kwemwero mutsva, izvi zvakadzorwa nemutemo wemukati.
Zvisinei, panguva yekuvandudzwa kwa1980, mapurisa emumigwagwa aifanira kufunga nezvemipimo yepasi rose yemarezinesi epureti dzenyika dzeEurope. Maererano navo, saizi yechiratidzo chepamberi yaive 465x112 mm, uye kumashure - 290x170 mm.
Kududzira nhamba dzemotokari dzeSoviet
Nhamba dzekare dzemotokari dzeU.SR, dzakabudiswa maererano nemaitiro ekutanga, dzakanga dzisina chero maitiro - zvose nhamba netsamba zvakapiwa zvakarongeka.
Muna 1980, vara rimwe rakasiyana-siyana rakawedzerwa pamubatanidzwa wemabhii maviri ega ega, zvichiratidza nhevedzano iyo nhamba yacho yaiva yayo.
Region indices
Tsamba yokutanga yeindekisi yaiwanzova bhii rokutanga rezita renzvimbo yacho.
Sezvino macode maviri kana anopfuura anogona kushandiswa kudoma dunhu rega rega, saka muUSSR dunhu rinogona kunge riine akati wandei. Sezvo mutemo, imwe yekuwedzera yakaunzwa apo kusanganiswa kweiyo yapfuura kwakapera.
Rezinesi mahwendefa enguva dzeUSSR muLeningrad uye dunhu
Saka, semuenzaniso, zvakaitika nenharaunda yeLeningrad - apo zvese zvingasarudzwa zvenhamba nekodhi "LO" yakanga yatoshandiswa, index "LG" yaifanira kuiswa.
Zvinoita here kutyaira mota ine nhamba dzeSoviet
Muchiitiko ichi, mutemo hauna kujeka uye haubvumiri chero kududzirwa kusina kujeka - chete iyo motokari yakambonyoreswa muU.SR, uye kubvira ipapo haina kumbochinja varidzi, inogona kuva nenhamba dzeSoviet. Nekunyoreswazve kwemota, nhamba dzayo dzinofanirwa kupihwa uye nekugadziridzwa zvinoenderana neiyo nyowani yenyika.
Zvechokwadi, pane zviputi pano zvakare - somuenzaniso, motokari yeSoviet inogona kutengwa pasi pesimba guru regweta, saka haifaniri kunyoreswa zvakare, asi chero zvakadaro, muridzi wepakutanga anofanira kunge ari mupenyu.
mhedziso
Chiyero chemazuva ano chenhamba dzehurumende chakagamuchirwa muna 1994 uye chichiri kushandiswa. Muna 2018, yakawedzerwa nekuburitswa kwenhamba dzakaita masikweya - semuenzaniso, kumota dzeJapan neAmerica dzisina kuitirwa kunze kwenyika. Kune chikamu chikuru, chimiro chemazuva ano marezinesi mahwendefa akapesvedzerwa nezviyero zvepasirese, semuenzaniso, chinodiwa chemavara kuitira kuti averenge muCyrillic neLatin.
Russia neSoviet Union vane nhoroondo refu yekuzvidavirira kwehurumende nezvekutakura. Sezvo nguva yakaratidza, hazvisi zvose zvisarudzo zvaive zvakarurama - semuenzaniso, kugadzirwa kwemahwendefa kubva mumarara emapuranga edenga. Nyaya dzekupedzisira dzeSoviet dziri kusiya zvishoma nezvishoma mumigwagwa - munguva pfupi inogona kuonekwa chete mumamyuziyamu uye muunganidzwa wega.
