Ndeapi mafuta ari nani kuzadza injini

Injini yemafuta inodzivirira zvikamu zveinjini yemota panguva yekushanda uye inodzivirira kupera uye kubvaruka. Naizvozvo, kusarudzwa kwemafuta kunofanirwa kuswededzwa zvine hungwaru - nekuda kweiyo yakakura assortment, hazvina kuoma kuita chikanganiso nesarudzo uye kukuvadza injini yemota.

Chii chekutarisa kana uchisarudza mafuta

Nzira iri nyore yekusarudza injini yeinjini ndeyekutevera kurudziro yemugadziri mubhuku remota yako. Asi mukana uyu haugare uripo. Uye zvakare, kurudziro yacho haireve kuti iro chete rakatarwa mhando rinogona kushandiswa mariri - mhando dzemamwe makambani dzinogona kukodzera injini kwete zvishoma. Naizvozvo, muridzi wemota anofanira kutsvaga kuti ndeapi marudzi einjini oiri uye kuti ndezvipi zvekutarisa kana uchisarudza.

Kune akapatsanurwa akati wandei enjini yemafuta:

• nekugadzirwa - synthetic, semi-synthetic, mineral, uye zvakare yakawanikwa semhedzisiro yehydrocracking;
• mhando injini - Diesel uye peturu injini;
• nemwaka - zhizha, chando uye yese-mwaka;
• viscosity - akawanda uye mashoma viscous mafuta.

Chimwe chakakosha nuance ndiko kuwanikwa kwekugamuchira kubva kuomaker kune chaiyo mhando yemafuta. Kushivirira ndeye mhando yemhando yepamusoro, sezvo zvichireva kuti giredhi remafuta rakaongororwa nemugadziri wemota uye ndokukurudzira kuti ushandiswe. Iko kushivirira kunowanikwa neimwe mhando chiratidzo kunoratidzwa pane zvakanyorwa.

Maitiro ekusarudza viscosity

Iwo viscosity yemafuta ndiyo yekutanga chiratidzo paunenge uchisarudza iyo. Izwi iri rinoreva kuchengetedzwa kwemafuta ekuzora munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekupisa. Kana iyo mafuta ichinyanya kuoneka, saka iyo yekutanga haizokwenenzveresa injini painotanga, uye iyo pombi haizokwanisa kuipomba nekuda kwekudzikira kwepasi.

Kana iwo mafuta asina kunyatsojeka, saka haazokwanise kupa zvakakwana dziviriro yeinjini zvikamu kubva pakupfeka mumamiriro ekushanda patembiricha ine manhamba matatu. Nekudaro, iyo yakanyanyisa viscous mafuta haina kukodzera - haina kukwana kwakazara kwekupisa, izvo zvinotungamira mukukwesana kwakanyanya kwezvikamu zveinjini uye zvinogona kutungamira kukundwa kweinjini. Uye zvakare, yakanyanyisa viscous mafuta inowedzera mafuta ekushandisa.

Naizvozvo, kana uchisarudza mafuta neiyo viscosity, iwe unofanirwa kutungamirirwa nezvakakurudzirwa nemugadziri. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti mamwe mota akagadzirirwa epasi-viscosity mafuta, senge injini dzeAsia automaker, uye emagetsi zvikamu zvemota dzemumba, zviri nani kusarudza yakakwira-viscosity mafuta.

Iwe unogona kutsvaga iyo viscosity yemafuta neSAE index, iyo inoratidzwa pane chigadzirwa chigadzirwa. SAE 20 - yakaderera-viscosity mafuta, SAE 40 - yakawanda viscous, nezvimwewo Iyo yakakwira iyo nhamba mune indekisi, inowedzera iyo viscosity.

Nzira yekusarudza mhando yemafuta

Kana uchisarudza oiri zvinoenderana nekuumbwa kwayo, sarudzo inofanirwa kupihwa kumafuta ekugadzira zvizere. Mineral uye hydrocracking mairi anokurumidza kurasikirwa nemafuta ekuzora, saka yavo chete mukana iwo mutengo wakaderera. Semi-synthetic oiri isarudzo yekubvumirana.

Kana iri mhando dzemafuta nerudzi rweinjini, inogona kutariswa neAPI index pane chigadzirwa chigadzirwa, umo tsamba yekutanga inoratidza rudzi rweinjini:

• S - nokuti peturu injini;
• C - nokuti Diesel injini.

Tsamba yechipiri murondedzero yeAPI inoratidzira mashandiro - iyo yekuwedzera pasi iri muchiLatin alfabhethi, zvakanyanya kuomesa izvo zvinodiwa kune oiri, uye mota ikave nyowani. Semuenzaniso, mafuta ane SM index akakodzera peturu mota kwete pamberi pegore ra2004 modhi.

Sarudzo yeBrand

Kusarudza yekugadzira kambani imwe paramende yakakosha pakutenga mafuta. Zvinosarudzwa kusarudza makambani ane mukurumbira wepasirese kana, zvirinani, zvigadzirwa zvinozivikanwa padanho renyika. Pakati pavo, kusarudzwa kweimwe mhando kunogona kuve kwakavakirwa pane zvaunofarira. Oiri yakanakisa ingangoita mhando imwe uye inogona kusiyana zvishoma mumutengo nekuita.

Kufunga mwaka nemamiriro ekunze pakusarudza

Sezvambotaurwa, chinonyanya kukosha hunhu hwemafuta injini ndiyo viscosity. Oiri ese akakamurwa kuita matatu marudzi: zhizha, chando uye yese-mwaka.

Iwe unogona kunzwisisa iyo mhando yemafuta nekudoma kweayo SAE viscosity index.

• indekisi yechando ine tsamba W (0W, 5W, 10W);
• hapana tsamba W mune indekisi yezhizha (20, 40, 60);
• yemafuta emadhigirii, mairi zviratidzo zviri hyphenated (5W-30, 5W-40, nezvimwewo).

Yese-mwaka mafuta ndeyakanakisa sarudzo - inozogara kune rese khalendari gore. Kana mota ichishandiswa, uye mileage yegore iri ichidarika nguva yekuchinja kwemafuta, mafuta ezhizha anogona kushandiswa mumwaka unodziya, uye oiri yechando mumwaka unotonhora.

Iyo yechando kudanidzirwa mune indekisi inopesana zvakaenzana - iyo yakadzikira iyo nhamba, iyo yakadzikira tembiricha pane iyo mafuta inochengeta inodiwa viscosity. Semuenzaniso, indekisi 5W inoreva kuti mafuta anotanga injini panopisa -35 ° C, 10W - panopisa -30 ° C, 15W - pa -25 ° C, nezvimwe.

Naizvozvo, kana uchisarudza mafuta, munhu anofanirwa kufunga nezve mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo inoshandiswa mota. Kana uchigara kuchamhembe, iyo Urals kana Siberia, zviri nani kusarudza oiri ine 0W kana 5W index, mumatunhu enzvimbo inotonhora, unogona kumisa sarudzo yemafuta neiyo 10W index, asi muCrimea kana Sochi. iwe unogona zvakare kutenga mafuta neiyo 20W index (inosvika -20 ° C).

Mhando dzakakurumbira dzemafuta

Zvinoenderana neongororo dzevashandisi, mazita anotevera ari pakati pezvakanakisa zvigadzirwa zveinjini mafuta.

1. ZIC 5w40 - zvigadzirwa kubva kukambani yeSouth Korea ndeimwe yezvakanakisa zvinopihwa pamusika maererano nemutengo uye mhando.
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3. Yese Quartz 9000 5w40 ndeye yemhando yepamusoro mota yemafuta kubva kumugadziri wechiFrench, uyo unongova nedambudziko rimwe chete - mutengo wakaringana.
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5. Shell Helix Ultra 5w-40 ndeimwe yemafuta anozivikanwa pamusika, kunyanya inokurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe munzvimbo dzinotonhora. Ikoko kune imwechete chete yakadomwa dhizaini yechiratidzo - yakakwira mutengo.
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7. Mobil Super 3000 X1 5W-40 mumwe mumiriri wekirasi yemutengo unodhura asi wemhando yepamusoro injini.
8. Lukoil Lux 5W40 SN CF ndiyo yakasarudzika sarudzo kubva kumugadziri weRussia, ine zvipingamupinyi zviviri chete - kuita kwakaderera kwezvakatipoteredza uye chinguva chipfupi pakati pekutsiva. Izvo zvakanakira tembiricha yakaderera yekushandisa uye mutengo wakaderera pakati pezvakanakisa sarudzo.