Ndeipi mafuta egiya akanakisa? Kutsvaga yakanakira mechanics

Maitiro ekuongorora magiya emafuta ekufambisa kwemanyorero

Mafuta akajairwa ekufambisa kwemanyorerwo ane maviri makuru zviratidzo zvinotaridza kugona kwavo kushanda mune mamwe mayuniti ekutapurirana: API mafuta kirasi uye viscosity. Aya ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa paramita mukugadzika kwemafuta egiya.

Mechanical transmission, kutaura zvazviri, seti yemagiya akaremerwa zvakanyanya, mashaft ayo anotenderera mumabhengi ekukunguruka. Kudzora nzira, mapapiro nemaforogo, zvakanyanya kuderera. Naizvozvo, hapana kukoshesa kwakakosha kunoiswa pakuzora kwavo, sezvo chero mafuta ekutapurirana anowanzo kukwana pakushanda kwakajairika kwemaitiro aya.

Synchronizers inoitawo basa rakakosha mukufambisa kwemanyorero. Izvo zvakakosha zve synchronizer ndeye kurongedza kumhanya kweiyo magiya ekukwira pamberi pekubatana. Kana magiya achitenderera nekumhanya kwakasiyana, zvinonetsa kugadzira kubatanidzwa kwavo pakufamba. Kazhinji, kutadza kwemasynchronizers kunoratidzwa nekubatikana kwakasimba kwemagiya ane hunhu hwesimbi rattle.

Iyo synchronizer inoshanda zviri nyore. Usati wabatanidza magiya, kana uchichinja magiya, iyo synchronizer yepamusoro inotanga kusangana nedivi reimwe yegiya uye, nekuda kwemasimba ekukwenya, inoenzana nekumhanya kwekutenderera kwemagiya ese ari maviri. Mushure meizvozvo, magiya anobata zviri nyore uye pasina ruzha rwekunze. Asi kana paine akawanda anti-friction additives mumafuta, ipapo synchronizer inotanga kutsvedza padivi pegiya. Iyo yekutenderera kumhanya haizoenzane. Bhokisi rinotanga kusashanda.

Zvinoitika kuti mafuta egiya anofanirwa kusangana neanotevera maitiro kusvika pahupamhi hwepamusoro:

• chengetedza magiya akaremerwa kubva pakupfeka uye scuffing;
• zvinobudirira lubricate rolling bearings;
• usapindira nekushanda kwe synchronizers uye mamwe masimba ekutonga;
• kuita mabasa avo kwenguva refu.

Iyo yakakwira mhando yekubatanidzwa kweiyi nzira yekuongorora, ndizvo zviri nani mafuta egiya.

Mafuta akanakisa egiya

Maitiro nemafuta egiya ari nyore chaizvo: kukwira kwemutengo weoiri, zviri nani kudzivirira kutapurirana kwebhuku kubva pakupfeka uye nekurebesa kwazvinoita. Nekudaro, usakanganwa kuti iwe unofanirwa kusarudza mafuta zvakanyanya ekirasi uye viscosity inokurudzirwa nemugadziri wemotokari uye inoenderana nemamiriro ekunze.

Semuenzaniso, mafuta emhando GL-3 uye GL-4 (inenge yakakwana analogue yepamba TM-3 uye TM-4) inokurudzirwa kuwiriranisa manyorerwo ekufambisa, umo, pamberi peiyo hypoid gearing mugiya guru, iyo mutoro haupfuuri 2500 MPa uye 3000 MPa, zvichiteerana.

Mamwe mafuta etekinoroji GL-5 uye GL-6 (TM-5 uye TM-6) anokwanisa kuchengetedza magiya uye mabheji pachawo zvakanyanya, asi haaenderane nemamwe akawiriraniswa manyorerwo ekufambisa.

Zvakaoma kuongorora kunaka kwemafuta ekufambisa kwekufambisa kwemanyore munguva pfupi, sezvo nguva dzekutsiva dzinowanzopfuura 60-80 zviuru zvemakiromita. Naizvozvo, pazasi tinonyora vagadziri vemafuta egiya ayo varidzi vemotokari vanotaura zvakanaka nezvawo:

• shell;
• Elf;
• Fuchs;
• Castrol;
• Liquid Moly;
• Motul;
• Mannol.

Pakati pevagadziri vepamba vane tsika Gazpromneft, Lukoil uye Rosneft vatungamiri.

Mafuta ekufambisa akanakisa eVAZ

Ngatitarisei muchidimbu mafuta egiya akanakisa emota dzeAvtoVAZ.

1. iti. Uyu weKorea anogadzira mafuta ekuzora ari kukunda misika yeRussian Federation, kunyanya munharaunda yevaridzi vemotokari yeVAZ. Pakati pemafuta egiya, vatyairi vanotaura zvakanaka nezveG-FF kirasi GL-4 synthetics. Mafuta aya akakodzera mabhokisi emhando mbiri dzekare (kubva kuVAZ-2101 kusvika kuVAZ-2107), uye kune dzimwe nguva, mhuri dzeSamara, VAZ-2110 uye Samara-2 (VAZ-2114). Mune mamwe achangoburwa eVAZ modhi, GF TOP kirasi GL-4/5 synthetics yakakodzera.
2. Agip. Uyu mugadziri asingazivikanwe anofarirwa nevazhinji varidzi veVAZ vane manual gearbox. Mafuta, kunyange zvazvo ari e-semi-synthetics, asi, tichitarisa nekuongorora kwevatyairi, inoshanda zvakanaka kunyange mumabhokisi emhando dzemazuva ano, dzakadai seGrant uye Priora. Agip Rotra giya oiri inogadzirwa mune dzakasiyana siyana viscosities, asi inonyanya kufarirwa sarudzo ndeye 75W-90 uye 75W-80, iyo yakanakira yepakati uye yekuchamhembe strip yeRussian Federation. Munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya, mafuta akakora anoshandiswa.

3. Lukoil. Zvichida anonyanya kuzivikanwa anogadzira magiya emafuta emotokari dzepamba muRussian Federation. Lukoil TM-5 yekirasi GL-5 uye ine viscosity ye85W-90 inonyanya kushandiswa kuNiva. Lukoil inokurudzirwawo kuzadza varidzi vemamwe mamodeli eVAZ. Mumadenderedzwa emutyairi, pane pfungwa yekuti mafuta aya akakwana maererano nemutengo / mhando reshiyo.
4. Gazpromneft. Ikozvino inotarisana zvakanyanya nekugadzirwa kwemafuta egiya ekufambisa otomatiki, asi kuchine akawanda emafuta akareruka ekufambisa kwemanyore pakutengesa. PaInternet, pane kazhinji kuongororwa kubva kuvaridzi veKalin, vanotaura zvakanaka pamusoro pemafuta aya.
5. Rosneft. Mafuta eKinetic Hypoid mutsara haangove nemvumo yepamutemo yeAvtoVAZ PJSC, asi akaunganidzawo mhinduro dzakawanda dzakanaka kubva kuvaridzi vemotokari. Vatyairi vanocherekedza kuchinjika kwakapfava uye kuchengetedzwa kwemafuta pakudziya kwakaderera, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kutanga kutyaira munguva yechando.

Ongororo dzisina kunaka nezvemafuta egiya anonyanya kuenderana neakaipa viscosity kana giredhi, pamwe nekunonoka mukutsiva.

Ndeipi giya mafuta ari nani, bvunzo 1