Kugadzika kwemafuta emota zvinoenderana ne ILSAC
ILSAC kupatsanura: zvakajairwa zvinopihwa
Muhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, United States neJapan dzakatanga mubatira pamwe yapedyo munharaunda dzinenge dzose dzebasa. Naizvozvo, zviyero zvakawanda, zvakatemwa uye mamwe magwaro ekutonga mumaindasitiri akasiyana munyika idzi ane chimwe chinhu chakafanana kana chakafanana. Chiitiko ichi hachina kudarika chikamu chemafuta emota kumota.
Kazhinji, kune mana anowanzo zivikanwa mamaki emota oiri munyika: SAE, API, ACEA uye ILSAC. Uye wekupedzisira, iyo yeJapan ILSAC classification, ndiye mudiki. Isu tinocherekedza ipapo ipapo kuti kupatsanurwa kwemafuta muzvikamu zvinoenderana neJapan standardization system inovhara chete peturu yemukati inopisa injini dzemotokari dzinotakura vanhu. Mvumo ye ILSAC haishande kumainjini edhiziri.
Yekutanga ILSAC GF-1 standard yakaonekwa kumashure muna 1992. Yakagadzirwa pahwaro hweAmerican API SH chiyero mukubatana pakati peJapan neAmerica masangano evagadziri vemotokari. Izvo zvinodikanwa zvemafuta emota zvakatsanangurwa mugwaro iri, mune tekinoroji mazwi, akadhindwa zvakazara API SH. Kupfuurirazve, muna 1996, itsva ILSAC GF-2 standard yakaburitswa. Iyo, segwaro rapfuura, yaive kopi yeAmerican SJ API kirasi, yakanyorwa patsva nenzira yechiJapan.
Nhasi, aya makirasi maviri anoonekwa seasingachashandi uye haashandiswe kutaridza achangogadzirwa emota oiri. Zvisinei, kana motokari inoda GF-1 kana GF-2 chikwata chemafuta ejini yayo, inogona kutsiviwa pasina kutya nemafuta matsva eiyi chiyero.
ILSAC GF-3
Muna 2001, vagadziri vemafuta emotokari yeJapan vakamanikidzwa kujairana nechiyero chitsva: ILSAC GF-3. Mukutaura kwehunyanzvi, inoteedzerwa kubva kuAmerican API SL kirasi. Nekudaro, kumusika wepamba wekuJapan, iyo itsva GF-3 kirasi yemafuta ekuzora yaive nepamusoro ekuburitsa zvinodiwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ezvitsuwa zvakawandisa, ichi chinodiwa chinoita sechine musoro.
Zvakare, ILSAC GF-3 injini oiri yaifanirwa kupa yakanyanya kukosha hupfumi hwemafuta uye kuwedzera kudzivirira kweinjini kubva mukukuvadzwa pasi pemitoro yakanyanyisa. Nechekare panguva iyoyo, munharaunda yevaJapan automakers, pakanga pane tsika yekuderedza viscosity yemafuta emotokari. Uye izvi zvaida kubva ku-low-viscosity lubricant yakawedzera zvidziviriro zvekudzivirira pakupisa kwekushanda.
Parizvino, chiyero ichi hachisati chashandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemafuta emota, uye magaba ane mafuta matsva haana kunyorwa nawo mumusika wepamba weJapan kwemakore akati wandei. Nekudaro, kunze kwenyika ino, unogona kuwana magaba emafuta eiyo ILSAC GF-3 kirasi.
ILSAC GF-4
Iyi chiyero yakapihwa zviri pamutemo segwara revagadziri vemafuta emotokari muna 2004. Nekudaro, yakakopwa kubva pachiyero cheAmerican Petroleum Institute API SM. Mumusika wepamba weJapan, zvishoma nezvishoma inosiya masherufu, ichipa nzira kune kirasi nyowani.
Iyo ILSAC GF-4 yakajairwa, pamusoro pekusimudza zvinodikanwa zvehushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza hwekuburitsa gasi uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta, zvakare inogadzirisa viscosity miganhu. Mafuta ose eGF-4 ane viscosity yakaderera. Iyo viscosity ye ILSAC GF-4 magirosi kubva pa0W-20 kusvika 10W-30. Kureva, hapana chepakutanga ILSAC GF-4 mafuta pamusika ane viscosity, semuenzaniso, 15W-40.
Iyo ILSAC GF-4 classification yakapararira munyika dzeJapan dzinounza mota. Vazhinji vagadziri vemafuta ekuzora anogadzira einjini einjini dzemoto dzeJapan mota dzinogadzira GF-4 yakajairwa zvigadzirwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzeviscosities.
ILSAC GF-5
Parizvino, iyo ILSAC GF-5 chiyero ndiyo inofambira mberi uye yakapararira. Inodzokorora kirasi yazvino yakabvumidzwa neAmerican Petroleum Institute yeAPI SM peturu ICEs. Yakaburitswa GF-5 segwara revagadziri vemafuta emotokari muna 2010.
Pamusoro pekuwedzera zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza simba uye kuita kwezvakatipoteredza, ILSAC GF-5 oiri inofanirwa kuchengetedza injini nekuvimbika sezvinobvira kana ichimhanya pabioethanol. Mafuta aya anozivikanwa nekuve "tacky" kana achienzaniswa neanogara ari petroleum-inotorwa peturu uye inoda kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kweinjini. Nekudaro, zviyero zvezvakatipoteredza uye chishuwo cheJapan chekudzikisa kuburitswa kwakaisa vagadziri vemotokari mubhokisi rakamanikana. ILSAC GF-5 inopawo kugadzirwa kwemafuta ane viscosity isati yamboitika panguva yekubvumidzwa kwegwaro: 0W-16.
Parizvino, maJapan neAmerica ekufambisa mumigwagwa uye mainjiniya emafuta ari kugadzira iyo ILSAC GF-6 yakajairwa. Kufanotaura kwekutanga kwekuburitswa kweakagadziridzwa kupatsanurwa kwemafuta emota zvinoenderana neILSAC yakarongwa muna Ndira 2018. Nekudaro, pakutanga kwa2019, mwero mutsva hauna kuoneka.
Zvakangodaro, pazviwanikwa zvemutauro weChirungu, vagadziri vanozivikanwa vagadziri vemafuta emota uye ekuwedzera vakatozivisa kubuda kwechizvarwa chitsva chemafuta emota ine ILSAC GF-6 standard. Paitove neruzivo rwekuti iyo itsva ILSAC classification ichakamura GF-6 chiyero kuita zvidimbu zviviri: GF-6 uye GF-6B. Chii chaizvo chichave mutsauko pakati peaya ma subclass hachisati chazivikanwa chokwadi.
