Cobalt inogona kuchengetedza mota dzehydrogen. Platinum ishoma uye inodhura

Nei mota dzehydrogen dzisingagamuchirwi? Nezvikonzero zviviri zvikuru: zviteshi zvekuzadza gasi iri hazvisati zvanyanya kufarirwa, uye mune dzimwe nyika hakuna zvachose. Mukuwedzera, masero emafuta anoda kushandiswa kweplatinum, iyo inodhura uye isingawanzoitiki chinhu, iyo inokanganisa mutengo wekupedzisira weFCEV motokari. Naizvozvo, masayendisiti ari kutoshanda kutsiva platinamu necobalt.

Cobalt inogona kuita kuti mota dzehydrogen dzizivikanwe

Tafura yezvinyorwa

• Cobalt inogona kuita kuti mota dzehydrogen dzizivikanwe
  • Cobalt tsvagiridzo inobatsira masero emafuta kazhinji

Cobalt chinhu chine yakasarudzika zvivakwa. Inoshandiswa mumafuta desulfurization mukunatsa mafuta asina kuchena (hongu, hongu, Motokari dzinopisa dzinodawo cobalt kutyaira.), inoshandiswawo muinjiniya yemagetsi - uye mune akawanda mabhatiri-powered zvishandiso - mumacathodes e lithium-ion masero. Mune ramangwana, izvi zvinogona kubatsira hydrogen mafuta cell mota (FCEVs).

Sezvo mukuru weBMW R&D timu, Klaus Fröhlich, akati pakutanga kwe2020, mota dzehydrogen hadzipo panowanikwa, nekuti masero emafuta anodhura zvakapetwa ka10 pane dhiraivha yemagetsi. Mari zhinji (50 muzana yemutengo wesero) inobva mukushandiswa kwe<em>platinum electrode, iyo inoshanda sezvinokonzera mumasero emafuta, ichikurumidzisa kuita kwehydrogen neokisijeni.

Masayendisiti kuPacific Northwest National Laboratory akasarudza kutsiva platinum electrodes necobaltumo maatomu esimbi anopindirana nenitrogen uye maatomu ecarbon. Chimiro chakadaro, umo cobalt inobatwa mune yakanyatsogadzirirwa organic zvimiro, inofanira kuva yakapetwa kane simba pane imwe yakagadzirwa nesimbi (mabviro). Pakupedzisira, inofanirawo kunge yakachipa kupfuura platinum; pakuchinjana, mutengo wecobalt ungangoita ka1 yakaderera pane mutengo weplatinamu.

Cobalt tsvagiridzo inobatsira masero emafuta kazhinji

Zvakazoitika kuti reactivity yepakati yakadaro iri nani pane yezvimwe zvinogadzirisa zvakavakwa pasina kuvapo kweplatinum kana iron. Zvaive zvakare zvichigoneka kuwana kuti hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inogadzirwa panguva yeoxidation inokonzera kuora uye kuderera kwekuita catalyst. Izvi zvakabvumira kuchengetedza ma electrode uye kuwedzera kusimba kwechimiro, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwemasero mune ramangwana.

Hupenyu hwazvino hweplatinum-based fuel cell inofungidzirwa kusvika zviuru zvitanhatu nemazana masere maawa nekusagara kushanda kwemasisitimu, ayo anopa kusvika kumazuva 6 ekuenderera mberi kwekushanda kana kusvika kumakore gumi nerimwe, pasi pekuita kwemaawa maviri pazuva... Masero anonyanya kukanganiswa nemitoro yakasiyana-siyana uye maitiro emabasa ane chokuita nekushayikwa kwebasa, ndicho chikonzero dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotaura zvakajeka kuti hadzifanirwe kushandiswa mumotokari.

Kwidziridzo 2020/12/31, tarisa. 16.06/XNUMX: Yekutanga vhezheni yezvinyorwa zvinotaurwa "platinum membranes". Uku kukanganisa kuri pachena. Pamusoro peinenge imwe yemagetsi iplatinum. Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza zvakajeka platinamu catalyst layer iri pasi pe diaphragm. Tinokumbira ruregerero nekusaisa pfungwa pakugadzirisa zvinyorwa.

Kuvhura mafoto: mufananidzo, mafuta cell (c) Bosch / Powercell

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