Ndiani achaurayiwa nemota inozvifambisa? Muchina, chengetedza vanhu vazhinji sezvinobvira, asi kupfuura zvese, ndiponese!

Kana mamiriro ezvinhu akamuka apo gadziriro yokuzvimirira yemotokari inofanira kuita chisarudzo chokukurumidza chokuti ndiani wokubayira muchiitiko chetsaona yava pedyo, inofanira kuita sei? Kubayira vafambi kuchengetedza vanofamba netsoka? Kana zvichidikanwa, uraya munhu anofamba netsoka kuti achengetedze, semuenzaniso, mhuri yevana inofamba nemotokari? Kana kuti zvichida anofanira kutanga azvidzivirira?

Kunyange makambani anopfuura makumi matanhatu akatowana mvumo yekuyedza munhu muCalifornia chete, zvakaoma kutaura kuti indasitiri yagadzirira kutarisana nematambudziko ehunhu. Parizvino, ari kunetseka nematambudziko akanyanya - kushanda uye kufamba zvakanaka kwemasystem uye kungodzivirira kudhumhana uye zviitiko zvisingafanoonekwi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaita sekupondwa kwazvino kwemunhu anofamba netsoka muArizona, kana kubondera kwakazotevera (1), kusvika parizvino zvanga zviri zvekutadza kwehurongwa, uye kwete nezve imwe mhando ye "ethical sarudzo" yemotokari.

Ponesai vapfumi nevaduku

Nyaya dzekuita sarudzo dzemhando idzi hadzisi matambudziko asingaoneki. Chero mutyairi ane ruzivo anogona kupupura izvi. Gore rakapera, vatsvakurudzi veMIT Media Lab vakaongorora mhinduro dzinopfuura mamiriyoni makumi mana kubva kune vakapindura kubva kumativi ose enyika, dzavakaunganidza munguva yekutsvakurudza kwakatangwa muna 2014. The poll system yavanoti "Ethical Machine", yakaratidza kuti munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakapoteredza. nyika, mibvunzo yakafanana inobvunzwa mhinduro dzakasiyana.

Mhedziso dzakawanda dzinofanotaurwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa vanhu vanofarira kuponesa vanhu pane kuchengeta mhuka, vachivavarira kuponesa hupenyu hwakawanda, uye vanowanzove vadiki pane vakura (2). Kunewo zvimwe, asi zvisiri pachena, zvinofarirwa kana zvasvika pakununura vakadzi pamusoro pevarume, vanhu vepamusoro-soro pamusoro pevarombo, uye vanofamba netsoka pamusoro pevafambi vemotokari..

2. Ndiani anofanira kuchengetedza motokari?

Sezvo vanhu vangangosvika hafu yemiriyoni vakapindura vakazadza mibvunzo yehuwandu hwevanhu, zvakakwanisika kuwiriranisa zvavanoda nezera, murume kana mukadzi uye zvitendero. Vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti kusiyana uku hakuna "kukanganisa" zvisarudzo zvevanhu, asi vakacherechedza mamwe maitiro emagariro. VaFrance, somuenzaniso, vaikombamira kuyera zvisarudzo pahwaro hwenhamba inofungidzirwa yenzufu, nepo muJapan simbiso yakanga iri duku. Zvisinei, muNyika yeZuva Rinobuda, upenyu hwevakwegura hunokosheswa zvikuru kupfuura kuMadokero.

“Tisati tatendera mota dzedu kuita sarudzo dzadzo dzetsika, tinofanira kuita gakava repasi rose pamusoro peizvi. Kana makambani anoshanda pane akazvimirira masisitimu akadzidza nezve zvatinoda, ivo vanozogadzira etsika algorithms mumashini akavakirwa paari, uye vezvematongerwo enyika vanogona kutanga kuunza zvakaringana zvemutemo, "masayendisiti akanyora muna Gumiguru 2018 muNature.

Mumwe wevatsvakurudzi vakabatanidzwa mukuedza kweMoral Machine, Jean-Francois Bonnefont, akawana kuti sarudzo yekununura vanhu vepamusoro (sevakuru pamusoro pevasina pekugara) inotyisa. Mukuona kwake, izvi zvakabatana zvikuru chiyero chekusaenzana kwehupfumi munyika yakapihwa. Uko kusaenzana kwakanga kuri kukuru, fariro yakapiwa kukubayira varombo navasina misha.

Chimwe chezvidzidzo zvekare zvakaratidza, kunyanya, kuti, maererano nevakapindura, motokari inozvimiririra inofanira kuchengetedza vanhu vakawanda sezvinobvira, kunyange kana zvichireva kurasikirwa nevafambi. Zvisinei, panguva imwe cheteyo, vakabvunzwa vakati vaisazotenga motokari yakarongwa nenzira iyi. Vatsvakurudzi vakatsanangura izvozvo nepo vanhu vachizviona zvakanyanya kunaka kuchengetedza vanhu vazhinji, ivo vanozvifarirawo, izvo zvinogona kuva chiratidzo kune vanogadzira kuti vatengi vachazeza kutenga mota dzakashongedzerwa neanozvipira masisitimu.. Imwe nguva yapfuura, vamiririri vekambani yeMercedes-Benz vakati kana hurongwa hwavo hwakaponesa munhu mumwe chete, vaizosarudza mutyairi, kwete mufambi. Kuratidzira kweveruzhinji kwakamanikidza kambani iyi kubvisa chiziviso chayo. Asi tsvakurudzo inoratidza zvakajeka kuti makanga mune unyengeri hwakawanda mukutsamwa kutsvene uku.

Izvi zviri kutoitika kune dzimwe nyika. kutanga kuedza kwemutemo wepamutemo mumunda. Germany yakadzika mutemo unoda kuti mota dzisina mutyairi dzisakuvara kana kufa zvachose. Mutemo unotiwo maalgorithms haambofa akaita sarudzo zvichienderana nezera, murume kana mukadzi, hutano, kana vanofamba netsoka.

Audi inotora chigaro

Mugadziri haakwanisi kufanotaura zvose zvinokonzerwa nekushanda kwemotokari. Chokwadi chinogona kugara chichipa musanganiswa wezvakasiyana zvisina kumboyedzwa kare. Izvi zvinokanganisa kutenda kwedu mukukwanisa kwe "ethics programming" muchina zvachose. Zvinoratidzika kwatiri kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kukanganisa kunoitika uye njodzi inoitika "nekuda kwemhosva yemotokari", mutoro unofanirwa kutakurwa nemuiti uye mugadziri wehurongwa.

Zvichida kufunga uku kwakarurama, asi zvichida kwete nokuti kwakanga kusina kururama. Asi, nekuti kufamba kwaibvumidzwa kwanga kusiri 2019% kusununguka kubva pamukana wekuigadzira. Icho chinoratidzika sechikonzero, uye mutoro wakagovaniswa hausi shirked nekambani, iyo ichangobva kuzivisa kuti yaizotora mutoro wenjodzi dzinosanganisira 8-year-old A3 pakushandisa otomatiki Traffic Jam Pilot (XNUMX) system mairi.

3. Audi Traffic Jam Pilot Interface

Ukuwo, kune mamiriyoni evanhu vanotyaira motokari uyewo vanokanganisa. Saka nei michina, iyo ine nhamba ichiita zvikanganiso zvishoma kudarika vanhu, sezvinoratidzwa nezvikanganiso zvakawanda, ichifanira kusarurwa mune izvi?

Kana paine anofunga kuti zvipingaidzo zvetsika uye mutoro munyika yemotokari dzinozvimiririra zviri nyore, ramba uchifunga...