Powershift gearbox

Mumotokari dzese dzemazuva ano dzekugadzira, gearbox inoita basa rakakosha. Kune matatu makuru marudzi ekutapurirana: manual transmission (mechanical), automatic transmission (otomatiki) uye manual transmission (robotic). Rudzi rwekupedzisira ibhokisi rePowershift.

Powershift.

Chii chinonzi powershift

Powershift irobhoti giya bhokisi rine 2 maclutches, akapihwa akasiyana siyana kumafekitori eanotungamira eautomaker epasi.

Iine mhando mbiri dze clutch basket:

1. WD (Wet Dual Clutch) - hydraulically controlled box, wet clutch. Inoshandiswa pamotokari dzine injini dzine simba.
2. DD (Dry Dual Clutch) - bhokisi rine electronic-hydraulic control, "yakaoma" rudzi clutch. Aya mabhokisi anoshandisa 4 times less transmission fluid kana ichienzaniswa neWD. Inoiswa pamotokari dzine injini dzediki uye avhareji simba.

Nhoroondo yezvisikwa

Mukutanga 80s. Vagadziri vemota dzePorsche mujaho vakapihwa basa rekudzikisa nguva yekudzikira kana vachichinja manyorero ekufambisa. Kushanda kwemaotomatiki ekufambisa kweiyo nguva yemujaho kwaive kwakadzikira, saka kambani yakatanga kugadzira mhinduro yayo.

Porsche motokari.

Muna 1982, paLe Mans mijaho, nzvimbo nhatu dzekutanga dzakatorwa nePorsche 3 mota.

Muna 1983, iyi modhi, yekutanga munyika, yakanga yakashongedzerwa neyekufambiswa kwebhuku ine 2 maclutches. Vashandi vakatora nzvimbo dzekutanga dze8 pamujaho weLe Mans.

Pasinei nekushanduka kweiyo pfungwa, nhanho yekuvandudzwa kwemagetsi yemakore iwayo haina kubvumira kutapurirana uku kupinda mumusika wemotokari yekugadzira.

Nyaya yekushandisa pfungwa iyi yakadzoka kuma2000. 3 makambani panguva imwe chete. Porsche yakaparura kuvandudza kwayo PDK (Porsche Doppelkupplung) kuZF. Volkswagen Boka rakatendeukira kumugadziri weAmerica BorgWarner aine DSG (Direkt Schalt Getriebe).

Ford nevamwe vanogadzira mota vakaisa mari mukuvandudza kwemanyorerwo ekufambisa neGetrag. Iyo yekupedzisira yakaratidzwa muna 2008 "yakanyorova" preselective - 6-kumhanya Powershift 6DCT450.

Ford

Muna 2010, muiti wepurojekiti, kambani yeLuK, yakaunza imwe compact version - "yakaoma" bhokisi 6DCT250.

Idzi mota dzinowanikwa pairi

Iyo Powershift vhezheni index inomiririra:

• 6 - 6-kumhanya (nhamba yese yegiya);
• D - mbiri (kaviri);
• C - clutch (clutch);
• T - kutapurirana (gearbox), L - longitudinal kuronga;
• 250 - yakakura torque, Nm.

Main Models:

• DD 6DCT250 (PS250) - yeRenault (Megane, Kangoo, Laguna) uye Ford ine injini inokwana kusvika 2,0 litita (Focus 3, C-Max, Fusion, Transit Connect);
• WD 6DCT450 (DPS6/MPS6) — для Chrysler, Volvo, Ford, Renault uye Land Rover;
• WD 6DCT470 - yeMitsubishi Lancer, Galant, Outlander, nezvimwewo;
• DD C635DDCT - ye subcompact Dodge, Alfa Romeo uye Fiat mhando;
• WD 7DCL600 - nokuti BMW mienzaniso ine longitudinal ICE (BMW 3 Series L6 3.0L, V8 4.0L, BMW 5 Series V8 4.4L, BMW Z4 Roadster L6 3.0L);
• WD 7DCL750 — kune Ford GT, Ferrari 458/488, California uye F12, Mercedes-Benz SLS uye Mercedes-AMG GT.

Powershift chishandiso

Nemusimboti wekushanda kwayo, iyo Powershift bhokisi rakanyanya kufanana neyekufambiswa kwemanyorero, kunyangwe iro rine mamiriro richireva kune otomatiki kutapurirana.

manual transmission.

Iyo inoshanda sei

Magiya emagetsi emazuva ano uye anotevera anobatanidzwa panguva imwe chete. Paunenge uchichinja, iyo clutch yegiya iripo inovhurwa panguva iyo inotevera yakabatana.

Nzira yacho hainzwiki nemutyairi. Kuyerera kwesimba kubva mubhokisi kuenda kumavhiri ekutyaira hakugone kukanganiswa. Iko hakuna clutch pedal, kutonga kunoitwa neECU neboka remaitiro uye sensors. Kubatana pakati peanosarudza mu cabin uye gearbox pachayo inoitwa netambo yakakosha.

Diki batira

Nehunyanzvi, aya maviri manyorerwo ekufambisa akasanganiswa kuita muviri mumwe, anodzorwa neECU. Iyo dhizaini inosanganisira 2 dhiraivha magiya, imwe neimwe inotenderera nechayo clutch, inotarisira kunyange uye isinganzwisisike magiya. Pakati pechigadziro ndicho chekutanga chezvikamu zviviri. Kunyangwe magiya uye reverse giya zvinobatidzwa kubva kunze kwegomba chikamu cheshaft, zvisinganzwisisike - kubva pakati payo axis.

Getrag anoti dual-clutch transmission systems ndiyo ramangwana. Muna 2020, kambani inoronga kugadzira angangoita makumi mashanu nepfumbamwe muzana emagiya mabhokisi ayo.

Clutch.

Common Transmission Matambudziko

Kuti urege kuunza iyo Powershift manual transmission kune yakakosha kusashanda uye, nekudaro, kugadzirisa kukuru, panguva yekushanda, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune zvinotevera zviratidzo:

1. Paunotanga kubva panzvimbo, motokari inozununguka, painoshandura magiya, kuvhunduka kunonzwa, uyewo kana uchityaira mumigwagwa. Chikonzero chekusashanda ndiko kukundikana kwe clutch control actuator.
2. Shanduko kune inotevera kutapurirana inoitika nekunonoka.
3. Iko hakuna mukana wekuchinja pane chero yekutumira, kune inonzwika ruzha.
4. Transmission operation inoperekedzwa nekuwedzera vibration. Izvi zvinoratidza kupfeka pamagiya e shafts uye synchronizers ebhokisi.
5. Bhokisi regiya rinongochinja kuenda kuN modhi, chiratidzo chekusashanda chinovhenekera pane chiridzwa, mota inoramba kutyaira isina kutangazve injini. Chikonzero chekukurumidzira, zvichida, ndiko kukanganisa kwekusunungurwa kwekutakura.
6. Mugearbox mune mafuta ekufambisa ari kubuda. Uhwu humbowo hwekupfeka kana kusarongeka kwezvisimbiso zvemafuta, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwemafuta.
7. Chiratidzo chemhosho chinovhenekera pane chishandiso.
8. Clutch slips. Kana injini yekumhanya ichiwedzerwa, kumhanya kwemotokari hakuwedzere zvakanaka. Izvi zvinoitika kana clutch discs ikatadza kana mafuta asvika padhisiki muDD clutches.

Zvikonzero zvezvinetso zvakanyorwa zvinogonawo kukuvadza magiya, maforogo, zvikanganiso muECU, nezvimwewo. Kusashanda kwega kwega kunofanira kuongororwa nenyanzvi uye kugadziriswa.

Powershift kugadzirisa

Iyo Powershift gearbox, yakavakirwa pamusimboti wekufambisa kwemanyorero, inogona kugadziriswa munenge chero sevhisi yemotokari. Iyo system ine automatic wear monitoring system.

Dambudziko rinonyanya kuitika ndere chisimbiso chinodonha.

Powershift.

Muchiitiko chejamming yeforogo dzekuchinja, zvakakosha kutsiva gungano regungano, uye pamwe chete nezvisimbiso.

Kunyangwe zvikamu zvemagetsi, senge mabhodhi edunhu uye mota dzekudzora, zvinogadziriswa, mugadziri anokurudzira kuzvitsiva uye, mumotokari dzewaranti, inopa kutsiva kwakazara.

Mushure mekugadzirisa, iyo manual transmission inofanira kuchinjwa. Pane zvimwe zvakasarudzika pamota nyowani uye mota ine mileage. Mune akawanda mamodheru, iyi ndiyo calibration:

• giya selector chinzvimbo sensor;
• switching mechanism;
• clutch systems.

Chete calibration yegiya yekusarudza chinzvimbo sensor inogona kunzi classical. 2 mamwe maitiro anosanganisira kudzidza ECU pasina software inopenya, panguva yakakosha yekutyaira mamiriro.

Pros uye Cons

Kuchinja kwegiya kuri pakarepo. Iko kukwidziridza simba nekuda kweiyo inoenderera Powershift traction inodarika kuita kwemamwe magiya mabhokisi. Kusavapo kwekukundikana kwemagetsi kune mhedzisiro yakanaka pakutyaira kunyaradzwa, inochengetedza mafuta (kunyangwe mukuenzanisa neyemanyorero kutumira).

Iyo system pachayo iri nyore uye yakachipa kugadzira pane yakajairwa otomatiki transmissions, sezvo pasina mapuraneti giya, torque inoshandura, friction clutches. Mechanical kugadzirisa mabhokisi aya ari nyore pane kugadzirisa classic muchina. Nekushanda kwakakodzera, iyo clutch inotora nguva yakareba kupfuura mukufambisa kwemanyorero, sezvo maitiro acho achidzorwa nemagetsi chaiwo, uye kwete ne clutch pedal.

Asi zvemagetsi zvinogona zvakare kuverengerwa kune zvakaipira Powershift. Iri pasi pekutadza uye zvekunze pesvedzero zvakanyanya kupfuura makanika. Semuenzaniso, kana mafuta ekudzivirira pani asipo kana kukuvadzwa, tsvina uye unyoro, kana ikapinda mukati meyuniti, inotungamira mukukundikana kweECU maseketi.

Kunyangwe official firmware inogona kutungamirira kune malfunctions.

Iyo Powershift manual transmission inopa shanduko kubva otomatiki kuenda kumanyorero modhi (Sarudza Shift) uye zvinopesana. Mutyairi anogona kusimudza uye kudzika pasi pakufamba. Asi kuwana kutonga kwakazara pamusoro pecheki haisati yashanda. Kana kukurumidza uye injini ichimhanya zvakakwirira, uye iwe unoda kudzika pasi, somuenzaniso, kubva pa5 kusvika ku3 pakarepo, ECU haizobvumiri kuchinja kuti kuitike uye ichashandura kune iyo yakakodzera giya.

Iyi ficha inounzwa kuchengetedza kutapurirana, sezvo kudzikisira nematanho maviri kunogona kutungamirira kukuwedzera kwakasimba kwe rpm isati yatemwa. Nguva yekuchinja kwekumhanya ichaperekedzwa nekurova, mutoro wakawandisa. Kubatanidzwa kweimwe giya kuchaitika chete kana huwandu hwekuchinja kunobvumirwa uye kumhanya kwemotokari inotarwa muECU inobvumira izvi.

Nzira yekuwedzera sei hupenyu hwebasa

Kuwedzera hupenyu hwePowershift, mitemo inotevera inofanirwa kucherechedzwa:

1. Oiri iri mubhokisi inofanirwa kuchinjirwa kune inotsanangurwa nemugadziri, nekuti chero kutsauka kunotungamira mukukanganisa mukushanda kweautomation.
2. Paunenge uchishandisa dhizaini yekufambisa, hazvikurudzirwe kutyaira kunze kwemugwagwa, kudzorerazve gasi, kudhonza chero chinhu patirailer, kutsvedza, kana kutyaira mukusunga.
3. Munzvimbo yekupaka, unofanira kutanga uchishandura sarudzo kuti uise N, dhonza handbrake paunenge wakabata brake pedal, uye chete wozoshandura kuP mode.
4. Pamberi perwendo, zvakakosha kupisa motokari, nokuti gearbox inodziya pamwe chete nejini. Zviri nani kutyaira yekutanga 10 km yenzira nenzira yakapfava.
5. Zvinokwanisika kukwevera motokari yakashata chete kana mutengi ari munzvimbo yeN. Zvinokurudzirwa kuchengetedza muganhu wekumhanya usingapfuuri 20 km / h kwechinhambwe chinosvika 20 km.

Nekunyatsobata kubata, iyo inoshanda sosi inosvika 400000 km yehupenyu hwese hwebasa regiya bhokisi.