Cruiser tank "Crusader"

Tangi, Cruiser Crusader.

Crusader - "crusader",

mataurirwo anobvira: "Crusader" uye "Crusader".

Tangi yeCrusader yakagadziridzwa muna 1940 naNuffield uye iri kumwe kusimudzira kwemhuri yematangi ekufamba paChristie-mhando yakatevedzwa chassis. Iyo ine inenge yakasarudzika dhizaini: mvura-yakatonhorera Nuffield Liberty peturu injini iri kumashure kwehull, imba yekurwira iri pakati pechikamu, uye imba yekudzora iri kumberi. Kutsauka kudiki kubva kukirasi yekugadzira yaive muchina-pfuti turret, iyo yakaiswa pane yekutanga kugadziridzwa pamberi, kurudyi rwemutyairi. Hondo huru yetangi - 40-mm cannon uye coaxial 7,92-mm muchina pfuti - yakaiswa mudenderedzwa kutenderera turret, iyo yaive nemakona makuru ekurerekera emapuleti ezvombo anosvika 52 mm gobvu. Kutenderera kweshongwe kwakaitwa uchishandisa hydraulic kana mechanical drive. Muviri wechimiro chefuremu waive nenhumbi dzokurwa dzemberi dzakakora 52 mm uye nhumbi dzekurutivi dzakakora 45 mm. Kuchengetedza chassis, masikirini ezvombo akaiswa. Kufanana nemotokari dzese dzeBritish, tangi yeCrusader yaive nenhepfenyuro uye tank intercom. Iyo Crusader yakagadzirwa mune matatu akateedzana shanduko. Iyo yazvino shanduko, Crusader III, yakagadzirwa kusvika Chivabvu 1942 uye yaive yakashongedzerwa ne57 mm cannon. Pakazara, nezve 4300 Crusaders uye 1373 mauto ehondo uye ebetsero mota dzakavakirwa pazviri (inorwisa ndege inozvifambisa pfuti, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa mota, nezvimwewo) dzakagadzirwa. Muna 1942-1943. ndiwo akanga ari nhumbi dzokurwa nadzo dzevarwi vehondo.

Kuvandudzwa kwekutanga kwepurojekiti yeA15 kwakamira nekuda kwekusava nechokwadi kwezvinodiwa ivo pachavo uye vakatangazve pasi pezita rekuti A16 kuNuffield. Nguva pfupi yapfuura mushure mekubvumidzwa kwemhando yemapuranga yeA13 Mk III ("Covenanter"), yakapihwa muna Kubvumbi 1939, mukuru weMechanisation Directorate akakumbira General Staff kuti vatarise mamwe magadzirirwo angave anoenderana zvizere neanorema cruiser tank. Iyi yaive A18 (yakawedzera kugadziridzwa kweTetrarch tank), iyo A14 (yakagadzirwa neLandon Midland neScottish Railway), iyo A16 (yakagadzirwa neNuffield), pamwe ne "nyowani" A15, iyo yaiitirwa kuti iwedzere. vhezheni yeA13Mk III.

Iyo A15 yainyanya kufarirwa, sezvo yaishandisa akawanda ezvikamu uye magungano eA13 akateedzana matangi, kusanganisira Christie-mhando chassis, saka yaigona kupinda mukugadzirwa nekukurumidza, nekuda kwehurefu hwayo hwaivhara madhishi akafara uye yaive ne30-40. mm zvombo, izvo zvakapa mikana yakakura kupfuura vamwe vanyoreri. Nuffield akaronga kugadzira tangi yakavakirwa paA13 M1s III ine chassis yakarebeswa nevhiri remugwagwa padivi rega rega. Muna Chikumi 1939, Nuffield akakurudzira kushandisa injini yeRusununguko yeiyo A13 pachinzvimbo cheMeadows yeA13 Mk III tangi, sezvo Liberty yakanga yatopa iyo Nuffield kugadzira asi yanga isiri kuishandisa. Izvi zvakavimbisawo kuderedza uremu; mukuru weDhipatimendi reMechanisation akabvuma uye muna Chikunguru 1939 vakapa rairo inoenderana nematangi mazana maviri pamwe nemuenzaniso wekuyedza. Yekupedzisira yakagadzirwa pakazosvika March 200.

Pakati pe1940, kurongeka kweA15 kwakawedzerwa kusvika ku400, ndokuzoenda kumotokari 1062, uye Nuffield akava mukuru weboka remakambani mapfumbamwe akabatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kweA15. Kusvika 1943, kugadzirwa kwese kwakasvika 5300 mota. "Zvirwere zvehudiki" zvemuenzaniso uyu zvaisanganisira kupinza mhepo kwakashata, kusakwana kutonhora kweinjini uye kunetseka kushandura magiya. Kugadzirwa pasina kuyedzwa kwakakura kwakaguma neCrusader, sekudaidzwa kwayaiitwa pakupera kwa1940, ichiratidza kuvimbika kwakaderera.

Munguva yehondo murenje, Crusader tank yakava tangi huru yeBritish muchirimo cha1941. Yakatanga kuona chiitiko paCapuzzo muna Chikumi 1941 uye yakapinda muhondo dzese dzakazotevera muNorth Africa, uye kunyangwe pakatanga Hondo yeEl Alamein muna Gumiguru 1942 yakaramba ichishanda nepfuti ye57 mm, kunyangwe panguva iyoyo yakanga yatove. ichitsiviwa neAmerican MZ neM4.

Cruiser tank "Crusader"

Matangi ekupedzisira eCrusader akazobviswa kubva kumauto ehondo muna Chivabvu 1943, asi modhi iyi yakashandiswa semuenzaniso wekudzidzisa kusvika pakupera kwehondo. Kubva pakati pa1942, Crusader chassis yakagadziridzwa kune dzakasiyana siyana mota dzakakosha, kusanganisira pfuti dzinozvifambisa, matirakita ezvombo uye mota dzine zvombo. Apo Crusader yakatangwa, kwakanga kwanyanya kunonoka kubatanidza zvidzidzo kubva muhondo muFrance muna 1940. Zvikurukuru, turret yomuchina wemhino yakabviswa nemhaka yokusapinza mhepo zvakanaka uye kusashanda kwayo, pamwe chete nokurerutsa kugadzirwa. Mukuwedzera, zvakave zvichikwanisika kuwedzera zvishoma kukora kwezvombo munzvimbo yepamberi yehull uye turret. Pakupedzisira, Mk III yakashongedzerwa zvakare kubva pa2-pounder kusvika ku6-pounder.

Cruiser tank "Crusader"

MaGermany akacherechedza tangi yeCrusader nokuda kwekumhanya kwayo, asi yaisakwanisa kukwikwidzana neGermany Pz III nepfuti ye50-mm - mupikisi wayo mukuru murenje - muhukuru hwezvombo zvayo, kupinda kwayo uye kuvimbika kwekushanda. German 55 mm, 75 mm uye 88 mm anti-tank pfuti zvakare yakarova Crusaders nyore munguva dzehondo murenje.

Cruiser tank "Crusader"

Tactical uye hunyanzvi hunhu hweMK VI "Crusider III" tank

Combat uremu	19,7 t
Kuyera:
лин	5990 мм
Kuwedzera	2640 мм
kureba	2240 мм
Crew	3 munhu
Hondo	1 x 51-mm pfuti 1 х 7,92 mm pfuti yemuchina 1 × 7,69 anti-ndege muchina pfuti
Zvombo	65 shells 4760 rounds
Kutsvaga:
hull huma	52 мм
shongwe yehuma	52 мм
mhando yeinjini	carburetor "Naffid-Liberty"
Maximum simba	345 HP
Maximum speed	48 km / h
Simba rekuchengetedza	160 km

Cruiser tank "Crusader"

Kugadziriswa:

"Crusider" I (tangi yekufambisa MK VI). Yekutanga yekugadzira modhi ine 2-pounder pfuti.
"Crusider" I C8 (cruising tank Mk VIС8). Same modhi, asi ine 3-inch howitzer yekushandisa semota yepedyo yekutsigira moto.
"Crusider" II (tangi rekufamba MK U1A). Zvakafanana neCrusader I, asi pasina muchina pfuti turret. Yekuwedzera nhumbi dzokurwa dzepamberi chikamu chehull uye turret.
"Crusider" IS8 (cruising tank Mk U1A S8). Zvakafanana ne "Crusider" 1S8.
"Crusader" III. Iyo yazvino kugadzirwa gadziriso ine 6-pounder pfuti uye yakagadziridzwa hull uye turret nhumbi dzokurwa. Iyo prototype yakaedzwa muna Mbudzi-Zvita 1941. Mukugadzirwa kubva muna Chivabvu 1942, naChikunguru 1942. Motokari 144 dzakaunganidzwa.
"Crusader" OR (mota yemberi yekuona), "Crusader Command". Mota dzine dummy pfuti, imwe nhepfenyuro yeredhiyo nemidziyo yekutaurirana kune vanotarisa artillery nevakuru vakuru, vakashandiswa mushure mekunge Crusader yabviswa kubva kumauto ehondo.
ZSU "Crusider" IIIAA Mk1. "Crusader" III nekuiswa kwe40-mm Bofors anti-ndege pfuti panzvimbo ye turret. Pamotokari dzekutanga, kushandiswa kwakajairwa kunopesana nendege kwakashandiswa pasina shanduko, zvino yakavharwa kumativi ose nemahwendefa ezvombo, zvichisiya kumusoro kuvhurika.
ZSU "Crusider" III AA Mk11. "Crusider" III nekutsiviwa kwetangi turret ine nyowani yakavharwa turret ine kaviri-barreled 20-mm Oerlikon anti-ndege pfuti. ZSU "Crusider" III AA Mk11. ZSU MkP, ine nhepfenyuro yeredhiyo isiri mu turret, asi pamberi pechikamu (kuseri kwe mechanic - mutyairi).
ZSU "Crusider" AA ine matatu-madhiramu Oerlikon kuisirwa. Mota dzakati wandei dzaive neyakavhurika-yepamusoro turret ine matatu-barrel 20-mm Oerlikon anti-ndege pfuti. Dzaishandiswa chete semichina yekudzidzisa. Aya magadzirirwo eZSU akagadzirirwa kurwisa kuchamhembe kweEurope muna 1944; zvikamu zveZSU zvakaunzwa mukambani yega yega yemahofisi makuru. Nekudaro, hukuru hweAllied air hukuru uye zvisingawanzo kurwisa vavengi vemhepo zvakaita kuti zvikamu zveSPA zvisanyanya kudikanwa munguva pfupi mushure mekudzika kweNormandy muna Chikumi 1944.
"Crusider" II artillery high-speed tractor Mk I. "Crusider" II ine chute yakavhurika uye gomo rekuisa mapfuti, yaiitirwa kudhonza 17-pound (76,2 mm) anti-tank pfuti nevashandi vayo. Yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muBTC anti-tank regiments panguva yemushandirapamwe weEurope muna 1944-45. Kukunda mazambuko akadzika nemotokari dzemapoka ekurwisa muOperation Overlord, keseji yakakosha yakaiswa.
ARV "Crusider" AKU. Standard chassis isina turret, asi nemidziyo yekugadzirisa michina. Mota yaive neA-boom inobvisika uye winchi panzvimbo yeturet yakabviswa.
Bulldozer "Crusader Dozer". Shanduko yetangi yakajairwa yeRoyal Corps yeInjiniya. Panzvimbo peshongwe, winchi nebhoom zvakaiswa, uye chipenga chebulldozer chakarembera pafuremu yakaiswa pamativi echikepe.
Crusader Dozer uye Crane (KOR). Iyo Crusader Dozer, yakagadziridzwa kune zvinodiwa neRoyal Ordnance Factory, yakashandiswa kubvisa mabhomba asina kuputika uye migodhi. Bulldoza blade yakanga yakasimudzwa senhoo yezvombo, uye mahwendefa ezvombo okuwedzera akabatanidzwa kumberi kwechikepe.

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