Machine mafuta
Mune injini inopisa mukati, kune hukama hwepedyo pakati pekugadzirwa kwayo, kunaka kwemafuta uye kunaka kwemafuta. Saka, zvakakosha kushandisa mafuta akakodzera.
Mune injini inopisa mukati, kune hukama hwepedyo pakati pekugadzirwa kwayo, kunaka kwemafuta uye kunaka kwemafuta. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kushandisa mafuta chaiwo ekutyaira kwako uye wochinja nguva nenguva. Inoita mabasa akati wandei akakosha.
Oiri inoderedza kupokana muinjini, ichideredza kusakara pamaringi, piston, masilinda uye crankshaft bearings. Chechipiri, inosimbisa nzvimbo pakati pepiston, zvindori uye silinda liner, iyo inobvumira kudzvanywa kwepamusoro kugadzirwa mucylinder. Chechitatu, oiri ndiyo chete inotonhorera svikiro, crankshaft bearings uye camshafts. Oiri yeinjini inofanirwa kuve neiyo chaiyo density uye viscosity patembiricha dzakasiyana kuitira kuti isvike ese ekuzora mapoinzi nekukurumidza sezvinobvira panguva yekutonhora kunotanga. Mukushanda kweinjini inopisa mukati, kune hukama hwepedyo pakati pekugadzirwa kwayo, kunaka kwemafuta uye kunaka kwemafuta. Sezvo mitoro uye kuwanda kwesimba kweinjini kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, mafuta ekuzora ari kugara achivandudzwa.
VERENGA ZVIMWE
Nguva yekuchinja mafuta?
Oiri muinjini yako
Nzira yekuenzanisa mafuta?
Kuenzanisa kwezvakati wandei zvigadzirwa pamusika zvinogoneka kana zvikamu zvakakodzera zvichishandiswa. Iyo SAE viscosity classification inozivikanwa kwazvo. Kune makirasi mashanu emafuta ezhizha uye makirasi matanhatu emafuta echando. Parizvino, mafuta akawanda anogadzirwa ane viscosity maitiro emafuta echando uye yakakwirira-yekushisa yemafuta ezhizha. Chiratidzo chavo chine nhamba mbiri dzakaparadzaniswa ne "W", dzakadai se5 W-40. Kubva pakurongeka uye kunyora, mhedziso inoshanda inogona kutorwa: iyo diki nhamba isati yasvika tsamba "W", iyo shoma mafuta inogona kushandiswa pane yakadzika ambient tembiricha. Iyo yakakwirira nhamba yechipiri, iyo yakakwirira ye ambient tembiricha inogona kunge iri iyo isingarasikirwe nezvinhu zvayo. Mumamiriro edu ekunze, mafuta kubva ku10W-40 kirasi akakodzera.
Zvikamu zveoiri nemhando haina kufarirwa uye inobatsira zvakanyanya. Sezvo dhizaini uye mamiriro ekushanda einjini dzeAmerica akasiyana neaya eEurope, maviri echikamu API uye ACEA akagadzirwa. Muchikamu cheAmerica, mhando yemafuta einjini yekudzima inotaridzwa nemavara maviri. Yokutanga ibhii S, yechipiri ibhii rinotevera rearufabheti kubva kuA kusvika kuL. Kusvika iye zvino, mafuta ane chiratidzo cheSL ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka. 
Unhu hwemafuta einjini yedhiziri hunotsanangurwawo nemabhii maviri, yekutanga iri C, inoteverwa nemabhii anotevera, semuenzaniso, CC, CD, CE uye CF.
Iyo yemhando kirasi yeoiri inotaridza kukodzera kwayo kwekuzora injini yeimwe dhizaini pasi pemamiriro ekushanda.
Vamwe vagadziri veinjini vakagadzira zvirongwa zvavo zvekutsvagisa zvinoedza oiri kuti ishandiswe mumagetsi avo. Kurudziro yeoiri yeinjini yakapihwa nemakambani akadai seVolkswagen, Mercedes, MAN neVolvo. Idzi ruzivo rwakakosha kune varidzi vemhando dzemotokari idzi.
Ndeapi mafuta aunosarudza?
Kune marudzi matatu emafuta emota pamusika: mineral, semi-synthetic uye synthetic. Synthetic oiri, kunyangwe inodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura mineral oiri, ine zvakawanda zvakanaka. Iwo anopokana neakakwira injini yekushanda tembiricha, anoshingirira kuchembera maitiro, ane zviri nani ekuzora zvivakwa, uye mamwe acho anoderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta. Sezvo mutemo, ivo vanoitirwa kudzosa kweakakwira-kumhanya multi-valve injini. Pakati pemafuta ekugadzira, pane boka remafuta anochengetedza 1,5 kusvika 3,9 muzana yemafuta zvichienzaniswa nekumhanyisa injini paSAE 20W-30 mafuta. Synthetic oiri haichinjike nemamineral oiri.
Bhuku remotokari yega yega rine ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pemafuta anofanirwa kushandiswa kuzadza pani yemafuta emagetsi emagetsi. Zvagara zvichizivikanwa kuti vamwe vagadziri vemotokari vanga vachifarira vagadziri vepetrochemical kwemakore, senge Citroen ichibatanidzwa neTotal, Renault ichishanda padhuze neElf, uye Ford inozadza injini nemafuta emhando yeFord. , uye Fiat neSelenia mafuta.
Paunenge uchifunga kutenga oiri kunze kweiyo inoshandiswa kusvika ikozvino, usazadze injini nemafuta emhando yakaderera pane inokurudzirwa nemugadziri wemotokari. Saka, semuenzaniso, SD kirasi mafuta haifanirwe kushandiswa pachinzvimbo cheSH mafuta. Zvinogoneka, kunyangwe pasina chikonzero chehupfumi, kushandisa mafuta emhando yepamusoro kirasi. Mafuta ekugadzira haafanire kushandiswa mumainjini akakwira mileage. Vane zvigadziriso zvinonyungudutsa madhipoziti mujini, zvinogona kutungamira mukuora mwoyo kwedhiraivha unit, kuvhara mitsetse yemafuta uye kukonzera kukuvara.
Ko musika uri kuita sei?
Kwemakore akati wandei ikozvino, chikamu chemafuta ekugadzira mukutengesa chave chichiwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, nepo chikamu chemafuta emamineral chiri kuderera. Nekudaro, maoiri emamineral achiri kuverenga anopfuura makumi mana muzana emafuta emota anotengwa. Mafuta anotengwa zvakanyanya pazviteshi zvemasevhisi, zviteshi zvepeturu uye muzvitoro zvemotokari, kazhinji muzvitoro zvikuru. Sarudzo yerudzi inotarwa nemutengo, inoteverwa nekurudziro mugwaro remotokari uye zano remugadziri wemotokari. Maitiro ekuderedza mutengo anoratidzwa zvakare munzira iyo oiri inochinjwa. Sekare, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevashandisi vemotokari vanochinja mafuta ivo pachavo.
General mitemo yekushandiswa kwemafuta emakirasi ega.
Dzomoto injini kuvesa
SE kirasi | mafuta ane ekuwedzera ekuwedzera akagadzirirwa injini 1972-80. |
SF kirasi | mafuta ane huwandu hwakazara hwezvinowedzera zvakagadzirirwa injini dze1980-90. |
Kirasi SG | oiri ye catalytic converters, yakagadzirwa mushure me1990. |
CX, SJ makirasi | maoiri einjini dzinomhanya-mhanya dzakawanda, mafuta anochengetedza simba. |
Injini dzemagetsi
CD kirasi | mafuta emuchadenga uye turbocharged injini dzechizvarwa chekare. |
kirasi SE | mafuta einjini dzinorema, dzakagadzirwa mushure me1983 |
CF kirasi | mafuta einjini dzinomhanya-mhanya ane catalytic converter, yakagadzirwa mushure me1990. |
Mitengo yekutengesa yemamwe marudzi emafuta mu1 litre zvigubhu.
BP Visco 2000 15W-40 | 17,59 zł |
BP Visco 3000 10W-40 | 22,59 zł |
BP Visco 5000 5 W-40 | 32,59 zł |
Castrol GTX 15W-40 | 21,99 zł |
Castrol GTX 3 Dzivirira 15W-40 | 29,99 zł |
Castrol GTX Magnatec 10W-40 | 34,99 zł |
Castrol GTX Magnatec 5W-40 | 48,99 zł |
Castrol Formula RS 0W-40 | 52,99 zł |
