FFP2 masks uye mamwe maantivirus masks - anosiyana sei kubva kune mumwe nemumwe?

Sarudzo dzekutonga dzine chekuita nedenda reCoronavirus dzinoda kuti veruzhinji vavhare miromo nemhino nemasiki akakodzera, nekurudziro yekushandisa masiki eFFP2. Zvinorevei? Tinonzwa mazita nemazita kubva kwese kwese: masiki, masiki, hafu masiki, FFP1, FFP2, FFP3, inoraswa, inogona kushandiswazve, ine sefa, vharafu, jira, isina-yakarukwa, nezvimwe. Zviri nyore kuvhiringika mukuyerera kweruzivo urwu, saka mune ino chinyorwa tinotsanangura zvinorehwa nezviratidzo uye kuti ndeapi marudzi emasikirwo eantivirus akakodzera.

Dr. N. Pharm. Maria Kaspshak

Mask, hafu mask kana kumeso mask?

Mugore rapfuura, taigara tichinzwa izwi rekuti "face mask" richishandiswa mumamiriro ekufukidza kumeso nekuda kwehutano. Iri harisi zita repamutemo kana repamutemo, asi rakajairwa diminutive. Zita chairo ndi "mask" kana "half mask", zvinoreva mudziyo wekudzivirira unodzivirira muromo nemhino. Zvigadzirwa zvakanyorwa nechiratidzo cheFFP zviri kusefa hafu masiki akagadzirirwa kusefa guruva rinobva nemhepo uye aerosols. Ivo vanopasa bvunzo dzakakodzera uye mushure mavo vanogashira iyo FFP 1-3 kupatsanura.

Masks ekurapwa uye masks ekuvhiya akagadzirirwa kuchengetedza varapi nevashandi vekurapa kubva kumabhakitiriya uye zvinwiwa zvinogona kutapukira. Vanoedzwa zvakare uye vakanyorwa zvinoenderana. FFP kusefa hafu yemasiki inoiswa semidziyo yekuzvidzivirira, kureva PPE (Personal Protective Equipment, PPE), nepo masiki ekurapa ari pasi pemitemo yakati siyanei uye anoiswa semidziyo yekurapa. Kune zvakare masiki asiri ekurapa akagadzirwa nejira kana zvimwe zvinhu, zvinoraswa kana kushandiswazve, izvo zvisiri pasi pemirairo ipi neipi uye nekudaro hazvitariswe PPE kana michina yekurapa.

FFP mafirita masks - chii uye ndeapi zviyero zvavanofanira kusangana nazvo?

Chidimburidzo chekuti FFP chinobva pamazwi echiRungu anoti Face Filtering Piece, zvinoreva kuti chinhu chinosefa mweya chinopfekwa kumeso. Nenzira, ivo vanonzi hafu masiki nekuti havafukidze kumeso kwese, asi muromo nemhino chete, asi zita iri hariwanzo kushandiswa colloquially. Vanowanzo tengeswa se-anti-guruva kana masks eutsi. FFP hafu yemasiki zvidziviriro zvemunhu zvakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza anopfeka kubva kumhepo, zvingangokuvadza zvimedu. Sezviyero, ivo vanoyedzwa kugona kwavo kusefa zvimedu zvakakura kupfuura mazana matatu nanometers. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvimedu zvakasimba (guruva), pamwe chete nemadonhwe maduku emvura akarembera mumhepo, i.e. aerosols. Masks eFFP anoedzwawo kuti chii chinonzi kuzara kwemukati kuvuza (inoedza kuti yakawanda sei mweya inovuza nepamagapu nekuda kwemasiki kusawirirana) uye kuramba kufema.

 FFP1 masks, kana akashandiswa nemazvo uye akaiswa, anozotora ingangoita makumi masere muzana emhepo zvimedu zvakakura kupfuura mazana matatu nm padhayamita. FFP2 masks anofanirwa kutora angangoita makumi mapfumbamwe nemana muzana ezvimedu izvi, nepo FFP94 masiki anofanirwa kubata 3%.. Pamusoro pezvo, FFP1 masks anofanirwa kupa isingasviki 25% yemukati yekudzivirira yekuvhara (semuenzaniso kuyerera kwemhepo nekuda kwekubuda kwechisimbiso), FFP2 isingasviki 11% uye FFP3 isingasviki 5%. FFP masks anogonawo kunge aine mavharuvhu ekuita kuti kufema kuve nyore. Iwo anovharwa panguva yekufemerwa kusefa mweya waunofema kuburikidza nechinhu chemasikisi, asi anovhurika panguva yekufema kuti zvive nyore kuti mhepo ibude.

Masks ane mavharuvhu haashande mukudzivirira vamwe kubva kuhutachiona hwekufema nekuti mweya wakabuditswa unobuda usina kusefa. Naizvozvo, hazvina kukodzera kushandiswa nevanorwara kana vanofungidzirwa kuti vachengetedze nharaunda. Nekudaro, zvinodzivirira hutano hwemupfeki kubva mukufemerwa neguruva uye aerosols, izvo zvinogona zvakare kutakura utachiona.

Masks eFFP anowanzo kushandiswa kumwe chete, akamisikidzwa neyakachinjika-2 kana mavara N kana NR (kamwe kushandiswa), asi anogona zvakare kushandiswa zvakare, mune iyo mamiriro akamakwa nebhii R (rinogona kushandiswazve). Tarisa izvi pane chaiyo chigadzirwa label. Rangarira kupfeka mask chete yenguva yakatsanangurwa nemugadziri, wozoitsiva neitsva - mushure menguva ino, zvivakwa zvekusefa zvinodzikira uye isu hatichavimbisirwe kuchengetedzwa kwaizopihwa mask nyowani.

Masks ane mafirita anogona kutsiva P1, P2 kana P3

Imwe mhando yemasks masks kana hafu maski akagadzirwa nepurasitiki isingapinde mhepo asi akashongedzerwa nesefa inotsiviwa. Mask yakadaro, ine kutsiva kwayo kwesefa, inowanzo shandiswa zvakare. Aya masiki uye mafirita anoiswa kumiyedzo yakafanana neyeFFP masks uye akanyorwa P1, P2 kana P3. Iyo yakakwirira nhamba, iyo yakakwirira dhigirii yekusefa, i.e. inoshanda mask. Kubudirira kweP1 mafirita i80% (anogona kupfuura kusvika ku20% yeaerosol particles ane avhareji ye300 nm), P2 filters - 94%, P3 filters - 99,95%. Kana iwe uchisarudza mask nekuda kweiyo coronavirus mirau, saka mune iyo masks ine sefa, tarisa kuti havana vharafu inovhura pamhepo. Kana iyo mask ine valve yakadaro, zvinoreva kuti inodzivirira chete mutakuri, uye kwete vamwe.

Masks ekurapwa - "masiki ekuvhiya"

Masks ekurapwa anopfekwa nevashandi vehutano mazuva ese. Izvo zvakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza murwere kubva pakusvibiswa nevashandi, pamwe nekudzivirira vashandi kubva kuhutachiona nemadonhwe emhepo kubva kumurwere. Nechikonzero ichi, masks ekurapa anoongororwa kuti mabhakitiriya abuda here pamwe nekubuda - pfungwa ndeyekuti kana ikasaswa nemvura inogona kutapukira - mate, ropa kana zvimwe zvakabuda - chiso chachiremba chinodzivirirwa. Masks ekurapwa ndeyekushandisa kamwe chete uye anofanirwa kuraswa mushure mekushandiswa. Kazhinji ivo vane matatu matatu - yekunze, hydrophobic (isina mvura) layer, yepakati - yekusefa uye yemukati - inopa nyaradzo yekushandisa. Kazhinji haakodzeri zvakasimba kumeso, saka haana kuitirwa kudzivirira kubva kune aerosols uye akaturikwa zvimedu, asi chete kubva pakubata nemadonhwe makuru ekuvanzika anogona kudonha kumeso.

Labels - ndeipi mask yekusarudza?

Chekutanga pane zvese, isu tinofanirwa kuyeuka kuti hapana mask ichatipa XNUMX% dziviriro, inogona chete kuderedza njodzi yekusangana nehutachiona. Kushanda kwemasikisi kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekushandiswa kwayo kwakaringana nekutsiviwa nenguva, pamwe nekuteedzera mimwe mitemo yehutsanana - kugeza uye kuuraya utachiona maoko, kwete kubata kumeso, etc. Unofanirawo kufunga nezvezvinangwa zvipi zvaunoda kushandisa mask - kana kuti kuzvidzivirira kana kudzivirira vamwe kana tikatapukirwa isu pachedu. 

FFP masks - anosefa aerosols neguruva, saka anogona kudzivirira kubva kubhakitiriya uye mavhairasi akamiswa muzvikamu zvakadaro. Kana isu tine hanya nekuchengetedzwa kurinani kweyedu yekufema turakiti, zvakakodzera kusarudza FFP2 mask kana mask ine P2 sefa (kushandiswa kweFFP3 masks kunokurudzirwa munzvimbo dzine njodzi, kwete mazuva ese. Zvisinei, kana mumwe munhu achida uye unonzwa wakasununguka kupfeka mask yakadaro, unogona kuishandisa). Nekudaro, ramba uchifunga kuti zvirinani mafirita emasiki, anowedzera kufema kuramba, saka mhinduro iyi inogona kunge isina kugadzikana kune vanhu vane, semuenzaniso, asthma, COPD kana zvimwe zvirwere zvemapapu. Masikisi ane mavharuvhu ekufema haadzivirire vamwe. Saka, kana iwe uchida kudzivirira vamwe zvakare, zviri nani kusarudza FFP mask pasina valve. Kubudirira kwemasikisi kunoenderana nekugadzirisa kune chiso uye kuomerera kune nguva uye mamiriro ekushandiswa.

Masks ekurapwa - anopa dziviriro kubva kumadonhwe emvura kana uchitaura, kukosora kana kuhotsira. Iwo haakodzeri zvakasimba kumeso, saka anowanzo kuve nyore kupfeka pane FFP masks. Iwo zvakare anowanzo kuchipa pane akasarudzika FFP masks. Iwo mhinduro yepasirese kune mazhinji emazuva ese mamiriro kana iwe uchida kuvhara muromo wako nemhino. Dzinoda kuchinjwa kazhinji kazhinji dzotsiviwa nemitsva.

Mamwe masiki haaedzwe, anogadzirwa kubva kune akasiyana zvinhu, saka hazvizivikanwe kuti ndeapi masisitimu avanodzivirira paari uye kusvika papi. Izvo zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvemaski uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinhu. Kunzwisisa kwakajairika kungaratidza kuti machira akadaro kana masiki asiri akarukwa anodzivirira kubva mukupwanya kwemadonhwe makuru emate kana uchitaura, kukosora uye kuhotsira. Iwo akachipa uye anowanzo nyore kufema mukati kupfuura FFP kana masiki ekurapa. Kana isu tikashandisa reusable jira mask, inofanira kugezwa pakupisa kwakanyanya mushure mekushandisa kwega kwega.

Nzira yekupfeka mask kana mask yekudzivirira?

• Verenga uye uteedzere mirairo yemugadziri wemasiki.
• Geza kana kuchenesa maoko ako usati wapfeka mask.
• Yakwana kumeso kwako kuti usabuda. Bvudzi rechiso rinomisa kugona kwemask kuti ikwane zvakakwana.
• Kana iwe ukapfeka magirazi, nyatso tarisisa kune yakakodzera yakatenderedza mhino dzako kuti malenzi asaputike.
• Usabate mask paunenge wakapfeka.
• Bvisa mask ne elastic bands kana tie pasina kubata kumberi.
• Kana iyo mask ichiraswa, irase mushure mekushandisa. Kana ichiri kushandiswazve, uraya utachiona kana kuti chigeze maererano nezvakakurudzirwa nemugadziri usati washandisazve.
• Shandura mask kana yakanyorova, yakasviba, kana kana iwe uchinzwa kuti kunaka kwayo kwadzikira (semuenzaniso, zvave kunetsa kufema kupfuura pakutanga).

Mamwe magwaro akafanana anogona kuwanikwa paAvtoTachki Pasje. Online magazini muchikamu Tutorials.

Mabhuku

1. Central Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BHP) - COMMUNICATION #1 pamusoro pekuyedzwa uye kuenderana ongororo yekudzivirira kufema, zvipfeko zvekudzivirira, uye kuchengetedzwa kweziso nechiso mumamiriro ezvinhu eCCIDID-19 ekudzivirira denda. Link: https://m.ciop.pl/CIOPPortalWAR/file/89576/2020032052417&COVID-badania-srodkow-ochrony-ind-w-CIOP-PIB-Komunikat-pdf (yakasvika 03.03.2021).
2. Ruzivo nezvemitemo ine chekuita nemasiki ekurapa - http://www.wyrobmedyczny.info/maseczki-medyczne/ (Yakasvika: 03.03.2021).

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