ATF mafuta. Classification uye maitiro

Chinangwa uye maitiro

Gear lubricant yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri:

• yemechanical gearboxes (mabhokisi egiya, mabhokisi ekufambisa uye mamwe mayuniti umo giya chete rinoitwa uye oiri haishande kuendesa kumanikidza kudzora maitiro);
• kune otomatiki transmissions (musiyano wavo kubva kumafuta ekuzora kumakanika mumwe mukana wekuwedzera wekushanda mukutonga uye actuator michina yeautomation inoshanda pasi pekumanikidzwa).

Oiri yeATF yekufambisa otomatiki haishandiswe kwete mumabhokisi egiya echinyakare, umo torque inofambiswa kuburikidza neinoshandura torque kuenda kumagiya epasi. Zvinwiwa zveATF zvinodirwawo mumabhokisi emazuva ano eDSG, CVTs, marobhoti vhezheni dzemakanika, simba rekutungamirira uye hydraulic suspension systems.

Mafuta eATP ane akati wandei akakosha maficha anoisa mafuta aya muchikamu chakasiyana.

1. Zvishoma zvishoma viscosity. Avhareji kinematic viscosity pa 100 ° C yeATP lubricant ndeye 6-7 cSt. Nepo mafuta egiya egiya bhokisi rine viscosity zvinoenderana neSAE 75W-90 (inowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo yepakati yeRussian Federation) ine viscosity inoshanda ye13,5 kusvika 24 cSt.
2. Kukodzera kwebasa mu hydrodynamic transmissions (torque converter uye fluid coupling). Mafuta emazuva ese akanyanya viscous uye haana kukwana kwekufamba kuti asununguke kupomba pakati pe impeller uye impeller blades.
3. Iko kukwanisa kutsungirira high blood pressure kwenguva yakareba. Mukutonga uye mayuniti makuru eiyo otomatiki kutapurirana, kudzvanywa kunosvika 5 atmospheres.

4. Kusimba kwechigadziko uye zvinowedzera. Izvo hazvigamuchirwe kune base oiri kana additives kuderedza uye kunaya. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kusashanda zvakanaka muvharuvhu system, pistons uye valve body solenoids. Tekinoroji ATP zvinwiwa zvinogona kushanda kwe8-10 makore pasina kutsiva.
5. Friction zvivakwa mukuonana zvigamba. Mabhureki mabhandi uye friction clutches anoshanda nekuda kwesimba rekukwesha. Kune akakosha ekuwedzera mune otomatiki kutapurirana oiri anobatsira madhisiki uye mabhureki mabhendi kuti abate zvakachengeteka uye kwete kutsvedza pane imwe dzvinyiriro mune yekubata chigamba.

Paavhareji, mutengo weATF zvinwiwa wakakwira zvakapetwa kaviri pane uya wegiya remafuta ekufambisa kwemanyorero.

Dexron mhuri

Dexron transmission fluid inoisa nhanho yevamwe vagadziri munguva yavo. Chiratidzo ichi ndeche GM.

Dexron 1 ATF oiri akaonekwa kumashure muna 1964, apo otomatiki kutapurirana kwaive kushomeka. Iyo mvura yakakurumidza kubviswa kubva mukugadzirwa nekuda kwekurambidzwa kwekushandiswa kwemafuta ewhale, iyo yaive chikamu chemafuta.

Muna 1973, imwe vhezheni itsva yeDexron 2 ATF chigadzirwa yakapinda mumisika. Oiri iyi yaive yakaderera anti-corrosion properties. Iwo ma radiator e otomatiki transmission kutonhora system akakurumidza kuita ngura. Yakapedzwa chete muna 1990. Asi indasitiri yemotokari inokurumidza kusimukira yaida mhinduro itsva.

Mushure mekutevedzana kwekudzokorora kwekuumbwa, muna 1993 mafuta eDexron 3 ATF akaonekwa pamisika. Kwemakore makumi maviri, chigadzirwa ichi chakashandurwa kakawanda, uye indexes dzakagoverwa kune imwe neimwe yekuvandudza: F, G uye H. Kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira kwechizvarwa chechitatu cheDextrons chakaratidzwa muna 20.

ATF 4 Dexron yakagadzirwa muna 1995 asi haina kuzombotangwa. Panzvimbo pekutanga nhevedzano, mugadziri akasarudza kuvandudza chigadzirwa chiripo.

Muna 2006, pakaburitswa vhezheni yazvino yemvura kubva kuGM, inonzi Dexron 6. Iyi ATP fluid inopindirana nemafuta ese emuchina.. Kana iyo node yakatanga kugadzirirwa ATP 2 kana ATP 3 Dextron, saka unogona kuzadza ATP 6 zvakachengeteka.

Dexron zviyero zve otomatiki kutapurirana. (Dexron II, Dexron III, Dexron 6)

Mercon Fluids

Ford yakagadzira mafuta ayo otomatiki ekufambisa kwemotokari dzayo. Yakagadzirwa mumufananidzo uye kufanana kweDextrons, asi ine maitiro ayo. Ndiko kuti, hapana mubvunzo wekuchinjana kwakakwana.

Mucherechedzo wenguva refu yeMercon fluid yaive Ford ATF Type F. Nhasi haichashandi, asi inogona kuwanikwa pamusika. Hazvikurudzirwi kuizadza mumabhokisi akagadzirirwa mafuta matsva. Iyo isina kusimba kuumbwa kweanorwisa-friction additives inogona kukanganisa kushanda kwe hydraulics. ATF Type F inonyanya kushandiswa kumhanyisa magetsi uye kuchinjisa makesi emamwe maFord mota modhi.

Funga nezveazvino mafuta ekutapurirana otomatiki transmissions kubva kuFord.

1. Mercon Iyi ATP fluid yakaunzwa mukugadzirwa muna 1995. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekutangwa kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana nemagetsi control uye muviri wevharuvhu wakavakirwa mubhokisi pamutsetse wegungano. Kubva panguva iyo, pane zvishoma zvishoma zvakagadziridzwa kuumbwa kweMercon 5. Kunyanya, nheyo yakagadziridzwa uye iyo yekuwedzera pasuru yakave yakaenzana. Nekudaro, mugadziri akave nechokwadi chekuti mavhezheni ese emafuta aya aichinjika zvachose (kwete kuti avhiringike neLV uye SP shanduro).
2. Mercon LV. Inoshandiswawo mune zvemazuva ano otomatiki transmissions nemagetsi control. Inosiyana kubva kuMercon 5 muzasi kinematic viscosity - 6 cSt maringe ne7,5 cSt. Iwe unogona kuizadza chete mumabhokisi ayo akagadzirirwa.
3. Mercon SP. Chimwe chizvarwa chitsva fluid kubva Ford. Pa100 ° C, viscosity inongova 5,7 cSt. Inochinjika neMercon LV kune mamwe mabhokisi.

Zvakare mumutsara weoiri yeinjini yekufambisa otomatiki yemota dzeFord kune zvinwiwa zveCVTs uye DSG mabhokisi.

Specialized mafuta

Mugove mudiki wemusika weATF fluid (anenge 10-15%) inogarwa nevasinganyanyo zivikanwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzevatyairi, oiri akasarudzika akagadzirirwa mamwe mabhokisi kana mhando dzemotokari.

1. Fluids yemotokari dzeChrysler. Inowanikwa pasi pezvikwangwani ATF +2, ATF +3 uye ATF +4. Mugadziri haatenderi kuti zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvidirwe pachinzvimbo chezvinwiwa izvi. Kunyanya, mamaki emafuta emhuri yeDexron haaenderane neChrysler fluid.
2. Mafuta ekufambisa kwemotokari Honda. Heano zvigadzirwa zviviri zvakakurumbira: Z-1 uye DW-1. Honda ATF DW-1 fluid imhando yepamusoro yeATF Z-1 oiri.

3. ATF zvinwiwa zveToyota mota. Chinonyanya kudiwa pamusika iATF T4 kana WS. ATF CVT Fluid TC inodururwa mumabhokisi eCVT.
4. Mafuta mune otomatiki hutachiwana Nissan. Pano kusarudzwa kwemafuta ekuzora kwakakura zvakanyanya. Michina iyi inoshandisa ATF Matic Fluid D, ATF Matic S uye AT-Matic J Fluid. Kune CVTs, CVT Fluid NS-2 uye CVT Fluid NS-3 mafuta anoshandiswa.

Kutaura chokwadi, mafuta ese aya anogadzirwa achishandiswa zvakangofanana nemafuta eDexron. Uye muchirevo vanogona kushandiswa panzvimbo yezviri pamusoro apa. Nekudaro, iyo automaker haikurudzire kuita izvi.

Ford otomatiki kutapurirana mafuta. (Ford Mercon V, Meron LV, Mercon SP, Meron C)