International air operation against the Islamic State
International air operation against the Islamic State
Musi wa19 Zvita 2018, Mutungamiri weAmerica, VaDonald Trump, vakazivisa vasingatarisiri kubviswa kwemauto eUS kubva kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweSyria. Mutungamiriri wenyika akaruramisa izvi nenyaya yekuti aizviti caliphate muSyria akakundwa. Saka, kubatanidzwa kwenguva refu kwemubatanidzwa wemauto emhepo muhondo yekurwisa Islamic State muSyria iri kusvika kumagumo (kunyangwe ichienderera mberi).
Kupindira kwepasi rose kurwisa Islamic State muIraq neSyria (ISIS) inotungamirwa neUnited States kwakabvumidzwa neMutungamiriri weUnited States Barack Obama musi waNyamavhuvhu 7, 2014. Yakanga iri kunyanya kushanda kwemhepo, Air Force yenyika uye mubatanidzwa wepasi rose une zvombo, waisanganisira NATO nenyika dzeArab vachipokana neISIS vanonyanyisa. Kuvhiya kwe "Islamic State" muIraq neSyria kunozivikanwa zvakanyanya pasi pezita reAmerican kodhi Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR), uye mauto emunyika aive nemazita ekodhi (Okra, Shader, Chammal, nezvimwewo). The Joint Task Force, iyo yaifanirwa kutsigira kurwisa kwepasi rose kurwisa ISIS, yainzi Joint Joint Task Force - Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR).
Kushanda kwemhepo kweUS muIraq kwakatanga muna Nyamavhuvhu 8, 2014. Musi waGunyana 10, Mutungamiriri weUS, Barack Obama, akazivisa zano rekurwisa ISIS, iro raisanganisira kuwedzera airstrikes kurwisa ISIS munharaunda yeSyria. Zvakaitika musi waSeptember 23, 2014. United States mukubhomba kwezvinangwa muSyria yakabatana nenyika dzeArab, uye kunyanya UK kubva kunyika dzeNATO. Patrols uye mauto pamusoro peSyria anga ari chikamu chidiki diki chekuedza kwemhepo kwemubatanidzwa kuMiddle East zvichienzaniswa neIraq, uko mubatanidzwa wakagamuchira humbowo huzere hwemutemo uye hwezvematongerwo enyika pakuita kwavo. Nyika zhinji dzakabuda pachena kuti mission ichanangana neISIS muIraq chete kwete muSyria. Kunyangwe kana mashandiro akazowedzerwa kumabvazuva kweSyria, kutora chikamu kwemakwikwi akadai seBelgian, Dutch neGerman kwaimiririra.
Mvumo Yemukati Kushanda
Pakutanga, kurwisa ISIS muIraq neSyria kwakanga kusina zita rekodhi, iro rakashorwa. Naizvozvo, oparesheni yacho yakanzi "Inner Resolve". United States yave zvechokwadi mutungamiri wemubatanidzwa wepasi rose, izvo zvave kuita basa munzvimbo dzese - mhepo, pasi, logistics, nezvimwewo. United States yakaona nzvimbo yaitorwa neISIS yekumabvazuva kweSyria senhandare yehondo yakaenzana neIraq. Izvi zvaireva kuti nzvimbo yendege yeSyria yakatyorwa pasina kurambidzwa nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakakosha kuhurumende yeDhamasiko nerutsigiro rwayo kune vanopikisa hurumende.
Zviri pamutemo, kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu 9, 2017, mubatanidzwa wakaita 24 kurwisa nzvimbo dzevarwi vechiIslam, kusanganisira 566 muIraq uye 13 muSyria. Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti mubatanidzwa - mukuita kweUS - wakarwisa zvibodzwa kumabvazuva kweSyria pasina kuzvidzora. Kuedza kukuru kwaive kwakanangana nekuparadza zvivakwa, kusanganisira kugadzirwa kwemafuta uye kutakura, uye rutsigiro rwemhepo rweSyrian Democratic Forces (SDF), mubatsiri wechisikigo wemubatanidzwa weAnti-ISIS muSyria. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nekupera kwehutsinye muIraq, mutoro wehondo yemhepo watamira kumabvazuva kweSyria. Semuenzaniso, muhafu yechipiri yaZvita 331 (Zvita 11-235), mauto eCJTF-OIR akarova mazana mana nemakumi matanhatu nenhanhatu achipokana nezvinangwa muSyria uye 2018 chete kurova kwezvinangwa muIraq.
MaAmerican akashandisa mabhesi mazhinji kuMiddle East, kusanganisira kubva kuAl Dhafra kuUnited Arab Emirates, uko kwaigara maF-22s, kana Al Udeida muQatar, kubva kwaishanda B-52s. Kambi yakakura yekudzidzira, inosanganisira. A-10s, F-16s uye F-15Es zvakare akamiswa paIncirlik, Turkey. Panyaya yesimba uye zviwanikwa, United States yakaendesa arsenal yayo yese yezvombo zvendege kuOIR, kusanganisira pamusoro peSyria, kubva kune zvinokandwa zvinokandwa uye mabhomba kuenda kune zvinokandwa, kusanganisira ichangoburwa AGM-158B JASSM-ER ine hunhu husingaonekwe. Kurwa kwavo kwekutanga kwakaitika muna Kubvumbi 14, 2018 panguva yekurwiswa kwenzvimbo dzezvombo zvemakemikari eSyria. Mabhomba maviri eB-19 akapfura zvombo zve 158 AGM-1B JASSM-ER - maererano nekutaura kwepamutemo, vese vaifanirwa kurova vavaida.
Ndege isina kurongeka yekurwa uye yekucherekedza (MQ-1B, MQ-1C, MQ-9A), ndege dzakasiyana-siyana (F-15E, F-16, F / A-18), kurwisa ndege (A-10), bhomba rehurongwa ( B-52, B-1) uye kutakura, kuwedzera mhepo, patrol, nezvimwewo.
Nhamba dzinonakidza dzakaburitswa muna Ndira 2015 mushure memwedzi yakati wandei yeOIR. Panguva iyoyo, zviuru gumi nezvitanhatu zvekuramwa mabasa, ne16 muzana. yakawira ndege dzeUS Air Force, uye 60 muzana. mundege yeUS Navy nedzimwe nhengo dzemubatanidzwa. Iko kugoverwa kwemazana ekurwiswa kwaive sekutevera: F-40 - 16, F-41E - 15, A-37 - 10, B-11 - 1 uye F-8 - 22.
