Ko dhaimani ringaputswa nenyundo here?
Zviri mukati
Dhaimondi ndicho chinhu chakaomesesa pasi rose, asi kunyangwe zvakadaro, chinogona kuramba chiri panjodzi yekurohwa nesando.
Sezvo mutemo, madhaimondi ane madhigirii akasiyana esimba kana kuoma. Hunhu uye kukwana kwechimiro che cubic lattice kunokanganisa huwandu hwesimba. Naizvozvo, madhaimondi ane mapoinzi asina kusimba muchimiro chawo anobvumira kutyorwa nesando.
Unogona kutyora dhaimondi nesando sezvinotevera:
- Sarudza dhaimondi nemukati inclusions uye kukanganisa
- Isa dhaimondi panzvimbo yakasimba
- Rova zvine simba kuti urove nzvimbo isina kusimba mudhaimani reti.
Ndichataura zvakawanda pazasi.
Ko dhaimani ringaputswa nenyundo here?
Kuoma (toughness) zvinoreva kugona kwechinhu kuramba kutyoka kubva mukuputsika kana kudonha. Asi hongu, unogona kutyora dhaimondi nesando. Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinoratidza kusagadzikana kwemadhaimondi kuti aparadzwe uye nei uchigona kuapwanya zvine chisimba nesando.
Diamond geometry
Chimiro chedhaimani chine cleavage yakakwana, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kutyora kana kurova kwakanangidzirwa panzvimbo chaiyo.
Macroscopic cleavage yedhaimondi inoratidza kusasimba kwayo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuoma uye simba zvinhu zvakasiyana. Dhaimondi rakaoma, asi sando yakasimba. Nekudaro, zvichiri kunetsa kutyora dhaimondi nesando, asi iyi inogona kunge iri nzira chete yekubuda kana iwe usina madhaimani anocheka.
Chimiro chemukati chine kemikari yakasungirirwa kabhoni maatomu. Iwo kabhoni maatomu akarongwa symmetrically kana mune lattice zvimiro, uye kabhoni maatomu akaoma kuparadza.
Nhamba yemaatomu pavhoriyamu yeyuniti
Iyo cubic chimiro chedhaimani lattice yakasarudzika nekuti ine huwandu hukuru hweatomu uye mabhondi pavhoriyamu yeyuniti. Izvi zvinoumba hwaro hwekuoma kwedhaimondi. Iyo cubic lattice inowedzera kusafamba kwemaatomu ecarbon.
Kupwanya dhaimondi nesando
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kutyora dhaimani nesando yakajairika kana nyundo harisi basa riri nyore, asi rinogoneka.
Shandisa simba rakawanda kugadzira simba rakakwana kutsemura dhaimondi. Zvikasadaro, dhaimani richaramba risingafambi. Ngatipwanyei diamond.
Danho 1: Sarudza dhaimondi riri nyore kutyora
Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emadhaimani ane madhigirii akasiyana ekuoma kana kuoma. Tenacity inosarudza kana kuisa kugadzikana kwedhaimondi, chinova chinhu chakakosha pakupwanya dhaimondi nesando.
Saka, tora dhaimani nemukati inclusions uye kukanganisa kuti basa rako rive nyore.
Danho 2: Kusarudza Surface
Tichitarisa nesimba resando uye kuoma kwedhaimondi, unoda nzvimbo yakaoma kuti urove dhaimondi. Ndinokurudzira kuisa dhaimondi pane gobvu resimbi kana dombo. Uri kumudzvinya.
Danho rechitatu: Kuvavarira kuridza sando
Kuita kuti kuedza kwako kubudirire, tungamira kurova kuitira kuti yakanyanya kudzvanywa ishandiswe kune isina kusimba nzvimbo yedhaimondi yemukati retisi.
Notes: Chengetedza dhaimondi richiripo kunyangwe warohwa nesando. Sezvinotarisirwa, kurira kwesando kunopera simba kana dhaimondi rikatsvedza kubva pakurohwa nesando. Batanidza dhaimondi sezvakakurudzirwa, kana kushandisa chero imwe nzira yaunayo kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwedhaimondi.
Inowanzobvunzwa Mibvunzo
Madhaimani ese ane simba nekuoma kwakafanana here?
Aihwa. Hunhu uye kukwana kwechimiro checubic lattice yedhaimondi zvinotarisa kuoma uye kusimba. Asi mhando yecarbon-carbon bonds inosiyana nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akadai sekupisa. (1)
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pekuoma nekuoma kwemadhaimani?
Kuomarara kunoratidza kusabatika kwechinhu pakukwenya. Mukupesana, simba kana kuomarara kunoyera kusadzika kwechinhu mukukundikana. Saka, madhaimondi akaoma zvikuru (saka anoshandiswa kukwenya zvimwe zvinhu pasina kusiya mavanga), asi haana kusimba zvakanyanya - saka anogona kuputswa nesando. (2)
kurumbidza
(1) carbon-carbon bond - https://www.nature.com/articles/463435a
(2) kushinga - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/tenacity
Vhidhiyo links
