Ko mafuta einjini kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri anogona kusanganiswa here?
Mafuta anobvumirwa kusanganiswa rini?
Injini yemafuta ine base uye yekuwedzera pasuru. Mafuta ekutanga anotora avhareji ye75-85% yehuwandu hwehuwandu, additives account kune yasara 15-25%.
Mafuta ekutanga, ane mashoma mashoma, anogadzirwa pasi rese achishandisa akati wandei tekinoroji. Pakazara, akati wandei marudzi emabhesi uye nzira dzekuzviwana dzinozivikanwa.
- mineral base. Inowanikwa nekuparadzanisa zvikamu zvechiedza kubva kumafuta asina kuchena uye kunotevera kusefa. Nheyo yakadaro haisi pasi pekupisa kwekupisa, uye, chaizvoizvo, chinhu chinosara chakasvibiswa mushure mekuputika kwemafuta uye dizeli zvikamu. Nhasi zvishoma uye zvishoma.
- Zvigadzirwa zve hydrocracking distillation. Muchikamu che hydrocracking, mafuta emaminerari anopisa kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya pasi pekumanikidzwa uye pamberi pemakemikari. Mafuta anobva aita chando kubvisa parafini layer. Yakanyanya hydrocracking inoenderera pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidza kukuru, izvo zvakare zvinoodza zvikamu zveparafini. Mushure mekuita uku, chigadziko chine homogeneous, chakagadzikana chinowanikwa. MuJapan, America nedzimwe nyika dzeEurope, mafuta akadaro anonzi semi-synthetics. MuRussia vanonzi synthetics (yakanyorwa HC-synthetic).
- PAO synthetics (PAO). Inodhura uye tekinoroji base. Iyo homogeneity yekuumbwa uye kuramba kune tembiricha yakakwira uye shanduko yemakemikari inoguma nekuwedzera ekudzivirira zvinhu uye yakawedzera hupenyu hwebasa.
- Rare mabhesi. Kazhinji muchikamu ichi pane mabhesi akavakirwa esters (kubva kumafuta emiriwo) uye akagadzirwa uchishandisa GTL tekinoroji (kubva gasi rechisikigo, VHVI).
Zvekuwedzera nhasi pasina kusarudzika kune vese vagadziri vemafuta emota zvinopihwa nemakambani mashoma chete:
- Lubrizol (inenge 40% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemafuta ese emota).
- Infineum (inenge 20% yemusika).
- Oronite (inenge 5%).
- vamwe (vakasara 15%).
Kunyangwe idi rekuti vagadziri vakasiyana, iwo ekuwedzera iwo, semafuta ekutanga, ane akakosha akafanana akafanana mumhando uye huwandu hwemashoko.
Izvo zvakachengeteka zvachose kusanganisa mafuta mumamiriro ezvinhu apo nheyo yemafuta uye mugadziri wekuwedzera akafanana. Pasinei nemhando yakaratidzwa pane canister. Izvo hazvizovewo kukanganisa kukuru kusanganisa mabhesi akasiyana kana iwo ekuwedzera mapakeji achienderana.
Usasanganise oiri neakasarudzika ekuwedzera kana mabhesi. Semuenzaniso, hazvikurudzirwe kusanganisa base ester ine mineral kana molybdenum additive ine mwero. Muzviitiko izvi, kunyangwe nekuchinja kwakazara kwemafuta, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mafuta ekutsvaira usati wazadza kudzinga zvese zvakasara kubva mujini. Sezvo kusvika ku10% yemafuta ekare anoramba ari mu crankcase, nzira dzemafuta uye musoro we block.
Rudzi rwechigadziko uye pasuru yezvinowedzera zvinoshandiswa dzimwe nguva zvinoratidzwa pane canister pachayo. Asi kazhinji iwe unofanirwa kutendeukira kune epamutemo mawebhusaiti evagadziri kana vatengesi vemafuta.
Mhedzisiro yekusanganisa mafuta asingaenderane
Yakakosha makemikari maitiro (moto, kuputika kana kuora kwezvikamu zvejini) kana mhedzisiro ine njodzi pakusanganisa mafuta akasiyana emota uye munhu haana kuzivikanwa munhoroondo. Chinhu chakaipa kwazvo chinogona kuitika ndechekuti:
- kuwedzera furo;
- kuderera kwekuita kwemafuta (kudzivirira, detergent, kunyanya kudzvinyirira, nezvimwewo);
- kuora kwemakomisheni akakosha kubva kune akasiyana ekuwedzera mapakeji;
- kuumbwa kwe ballast makemikari emakemikari muhuwandu hwemafuta.
Migumisiro yekusanganiswa kwemafuta munyaya iyi haifadzi, uye inogona kutungamirira kune kuderera kwehupenyu hwejini, uye kune yakapinza, seavalanche-yakafanana kupfeka, inoteverwa nekukundikana kwejini. Nokudaro, hazvibviri kusanganisa mafuta ejini pasina chivimbo chakasimba mukuenderana kwavo.
Nekudaro, kana sarudzo iri: kungave kusanganisa mafuta ekuzora, kana kutyaira ine yakaderera yakaderera mwero (kana pasina mafuta zvachose), zviri nani kusarudza kusanganisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kutsiva kusanganiswa kwemafuta akasiyana nekukurumidza. Uye usati wadira lubricant nyowani, hazvizove zvakanyanyisa kupenengura crankcase.
