Chii chinonzi knock sensor uye maitiro ekutarisa
Zviri mukati
Kugogodza kuona sensor (DD) mumasilinda ejini kwaisave kudikanwa kuri pachena mumasisitimu ekutanga ekudzora injini, uye mumazuva emisimboti yakareruka yekuronga magetsi uye kupisa peturu ICEs, kupisa kusingaite kwemusanganiswa hakuna kutariswa. zvose. Asi zvino injini dzakawedzera kuoma, zvinodiwa zvekushanda uye kupera kwekuchenesa zvakawedzera zvakanyanya, izvo zvaida kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekutonga pamusoro pebasa ravo chero nguva ipi zvayo.
Yakaonda uye yakashata-yakasanganiswa misanganiswa, yakawandisa compression ratios uye zvimwe zvakafanana zvinhu zvinoda kugara uchishanda pamucheto wekuparadza pasina kupfuura ichi chikumbaridzo.
Iyo yekugogodza sensor iripi uye chii chinobata
Kazhinji DD inoiswa pagomo rine shinda kune cylinder block, pedyo nepakati humburumbira pedyo nemakamuri ekupisa. Nzvimbo yake inosarudzwa nemabasa aanonzi aite.
Zvichireva kutaura, iyo yekugogodza sensor maikorofoni inotora chaiwo ruzha rwakagadzirwa nedetonation wave ichirova madziro emakamuri ekupisa.
Iyi wave pachayo mhedzisiro yekupisa kusingaite mumacylinders nekumhanya kwakanyanya. Musiyano pakati pemaitiro enguva dzose uye detonation process yakafanana panguva yekushanda kwepropelling powder charge mupfuti yepfuti uye inoputika-mhando inoputika, iyo yakazadzwa neprojekti kana grenade.
Pfuti inopisa zvishoma nezvishoma uye inosaidzira, uye zviri muchimbambaira zvinopwanya nekuparadza. Kusiyana kwekukurumidza kwekupararira kwemuganhu wekupisa. Kana yaputika, inokwira kakawanda.
Kuti usafumure zvikamu zveinjini pakuputsika, kuitika kwedetonation kunofanirwa kucherechedzwa uye kumira nenguva. Pane imwe nguva, zvaigoneka kuzvipa pamutengo wemafuta akawandisa uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kuitira kuti udzivise detoning musanganiswa musimboti.
Zvishoma nezvishoma, tekinoroji yemotokari yakasvika pamwero wekuti matura ese akapera simba. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kumanikidza injini kudzima detonation yakaguma pachayo. Uye iyo mota yakabatanidzwa ne "nzeve" yeacoustic control, iyo yakava iyo yekugogodza sensor.
Mukati meDD mune piezoelectric element inokwanisa kushandura maacoustic masaini eimwe spectrum uye level kuita emagetsi.
Mushure mekusimudzira maoscillations muinjini control unit (ECU), iyo ruzivo inoshandurwa kuita yedhijitari fomati uye inoendeswa kune yemagetsi uropi kuti itariswe.
A yakajairika oparesheni algorithm inosanganisira yenguva pfupi yekurambwa kwekona neyakagadzika kukosha, inoteverwa nenhanho-ne-nhanho kudzoka kune yakanyanya kutungamirira. Chero matura haagamuchirwi pano, nekuti ivo vanoderedza kushanda kweinjini, vachimanikidza kuti ishande mune suboptimal mode.
Kutsvaga kunoitika munguva chaiyo kune yakakwira frequency, inokubvumira kuti ubate kuoneka kune "kurira", kuchidzivirira kubva pakutsanya kwenzvimbo nekuparadza.
Nekuwiriranisa masaini ne crankshaft uye camshaft chinzvimbo sensors, unogona kuona kuti ndeipi silinda ine njodzi inoitika.
Mhando dze sensors
Zvinoenderana nehunhu hwema spectral, munhoroondo kune maviri acho - resonant и Broadband.
Mukutanga, kutaurirwa kunoitwa kune yakanyatsotsanangurwa manzwi ekufambisa kunoshandiswa kuwedzera kunzwa. Iyo inozivikanwa pachine nguva kuti iyo spectrum inopiwa kunze nezvikamu zvinotambura nekuvhunduka wave, zviri pavari iyo sensor inogadziriswa inovaka.
Iyo Broadband type sensor ine kushomeka kwekunzwa, asi inotora kuchinjika kweakasiyana ma frequency. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti ubatanidze maturusi uye usasarudza maitiro einjini chaiyo, uye kugona kukuru kubata masaini asina simba hakusi kudiwa zvakanyanya, detonation ine yakakwana acoustic vhoriyamu.
Kuenzanisa kwema sensors emhando mbiri idzi kwakatungamira mukutsiviwa kwakazara kwe resonant DDs. Parizvino, maviri chete-anosangana ne-broadband toroidal sensors anoshandiswa, akaiswa pavharovha ane nechepakati stud ine nut.
Kukanganisa zviratidzo
Munguva yakajairika injini yekushanda, iyo yekugogodza sensor haiburitse masaini engozi uye haitore chikamu mukushanda kweiyo control system chero nzira. Iyo ECU chirongwa inoita zvese zviito zvinoenderana neayo data makadhi akasonerwa mundangariro, akajairwa modes anopa detonation-isina kupisa kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa.
Asi nekukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekushisa mumakamuri ekupisa, detonation inogona kuitika. Basa reDD kupa chiratidzo munguva yekubvisa njodzi. Kana izvi zvikasaitika, ipapo manzwi ehunhu anonzwika kubva pasi pehodhi, iyo nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero itsika kune vatyairi kudana ruzha rweminwe.
Kunyangwe hazvo pasina zvigunwe zviri kugogodza panguva imwe chete, uye iyo huru vhoriyamu nhanho inobva pakudengenyeka kwepiston pasi, iyo inorohwa nefungu rekupisa kunoputika. Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chikuru chekushanda zvisina kujairika kweiyo knock control subsystem.
Zviratidzo zvisina kunanga zvichave kurasikirwa kunoonekwa kwesimba reinjini, kuwedzera kwekushisa kwayo, kusvika pakuonekwa kwekuvhenekera, uye kusakwanisa kweECU kutarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu nenzira yakajairika. Kuita kwechirongwa chekutonga mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuchava kupisa kwe "Check Engine" girobhu rechiedza.
Kazhinji, iyo ECU inotarisisa zvakananga chiitiko cheiyo yekugogodza sensor. Iwo mazinga emasaini ayo anozivikanwa uye anochengetwa mundangariro. Iyo sisitimu inofananidza ruzivo rwazvino nerenji yekushivirira uye, kana kutsauka kwakaonekwa, panguva imwe chete nekubatanidzwa kwechiratidzo, inochengeta makodhi ekukanganisa.
Aya ndiwo marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekuwedzera kana kuderera mumazinga echiratidzo cheDD, pamwe nekuzorora kwakazara mudunhu rayo. Makodhi ekukanganisa anogona kuverengwa ne-on-board komputa kana yekunze scanner kuburikidza neiyo diagnostic yekubatanidza.
Makodhi ekukanganisa anogona kuverengwa ne-on-board komputa kana yekunze scanner kuburikidza neiyo diagnostic yekubatanidza.
Kana iwe usina chirwere chekuongorora, isu tinokurudzira kuti uteerere kune bhajeti yakawanda-brand autoscanner Scan Tool Pro Black Edition.
Chimiro cheiyi modhi yakagadzirwa neKorea ndeyekuongororwa kwete chete injini, sezvakawanda mubhajeti reChinese modhi, asiwo zvimwe zvikamu uye magungano emotokari (gearbox, ABS ebetsero masisitimu, kutapurirana, ESP, nezvimwewo).
Zvakare, mudziyo uyu unoenderana nemota zhinji kubva 1993, unoshanda zvakatsiga pasina kurasikirwa kwekubatana neanozivikanwa mapurogiramu ekuongorora uye ane mutengo unokwanisika.
Maitiro ekutarisa iyo yekugogodza sensor
Kuziva mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda kweDD, unogona kuitarisa nenzira dziri nyore, zvese nekuibvisa kubva mujini uye munzvimbo, kusanganisira zvakananga pane inomhanya injini.
Voltage kuyerwa
A multimeter yakabatana kune sensor yakabviswa kubva pa cylinder block mune voltage kuyerwa mode. Kukotamisa muviri weDD zvinyoro nyoro kuburikidza nescrewdriver inopinzwa mugomba remaoko, munhu anogona kutevera maitiro eiyo yakavakirwa-mukati piezoelectric crystal kusimba rinokanganisa.
Kuonekwa kwevoltage pachokubatanidza uye kukosha kwayo kwehurongwa hwemakumi maviri kusvika matatu makumi emamilivolti anenge anoratidza hutano hwechigadzirwa chepiezoelectric jenareta uye kugona kwayo kuburitsa chiratidzo mukupindura kune mechanic chiito.
Kuramba kuyerwa
Mamwe ma sensor ane akavakirwa-mukati resistor akabatana se shunt. Kukosha kwayo kuri pahurongwa hwemakumi kana mazana ekΩ. Iyo yakazaruka kana pfupi yedunhu mukati mekesi inogona kugadziriswa nekubatanidza iyo imwecheteyo multimeter mukupikiswa kuyerwa mode.
Chigadzirwa chacho chinofanira kuratidza kukosha kweshunt resistor, sezvo piezocrystal pachayo ine inenge isingagumi kurwisana kukuru iyo isingagoni kuyerwa neyakajairwa multimeter. Muchiitiko ichi, kuverengwa kwechigadzirwa kuchaenderanawo nemagetsi emagetsi pakristini nekuda kwechizvarwa chemagetsi, izvo zvinokanganisa kuverenga kwe ohmmeter.
Kutarisa sensor pane ECU yekubatanidza
Sezvo wasarudza iyo yaidiwa yekubatanidza yeECU controller yekubatanidza kubva kumagetsi emota yemota, iyo iyo sensor inogona kutariswa zvakanyanya, nekubatanidzwa kweiyo yekugovera wiring circuits.
Pamusoro pechibatanidza chakabviswa, zviyero zvakafanana zvinoitwa sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa, mutsauko uchange uchingotarisa panguva imwe chete yehutano hwetambo. Kupeta nekukwenya mawaya ita shuwa kuti hapana chikanganiso chekudzungaira kana kudhumhana kuchionekwa uye kunyangarika kubva kumagetsi vibrations. Izvi zvinonyanya kukanganiswa nenzvimbo dzinoita ngura uko waya dzakaiswa mumalugs ezvinokonesa.
Nekombuta yakabatana uye yekubatidza pairi, unogona kutarisa kuvepo kweiyo referensi voltage pane sensor uye kurongeka kwekupatsanurwa kwayo nekunze uye yakavakirwa-mukati resistors, kana izvi zvichipihwa nedunhu reimwe mota.
Kazhinji, iyo +5 Volt tsigiro inokwana nepakati uye chiratidzo che AC chinogadzirwa chakatarisana nekumashure kweichi DC chikamu.
Oscilloscope bvunzo
Iyo yakanyanya kurongeka uye yakakwana nzira yemidziyo inoda kushandiswa kwemotokari yedhijitari yekuchengetedza oscilloscope kana oscilloscope yakanamatirwa kune yekuongorora komputa.
Pakurova muviri weDD, zvinoonekwa pachiratidziro kuti yakawanda sei piezoelectric element inokwanisa kugadzira kumawere kweiyo detonation siginecha, ingave seismic mass ye sensor inoshanda nemazvo, kudzivirira extraneous daped oscillations, uye kana iyo amplitude. yechiratidzo chekubuda yakakwana.
Iyo tekinoroji inoda ruzivo rwakakwana mukuongorora uye ruzivo rweyakajairika masaini mapatani echishandiso chinoshanda.
Kutarisa pane injini inoshanda
Nzira iri nyore yekutarisa haitombodi kushandiswa kwemagetsi ekuyera zviridzwa. Injini inotanga uye inoratidzwa nekumhanya pazasi peavhareji. Paunenge uchirova zvine mwero kurova sensor, unogona kuona maitiro ekombuta pakuonekwa kwemasaini ayo.
Panofanira kunge paine kudzokororwa kwenguva yekubatidza nguva uye kudonha kwakabatana mukumhanya kwejini. Iyo nzira inoda humwe hunyanzvi, sezvo isiri yese mota inopindura zvakaenzana pakuyedzwa kwakadaro.
Vamwe "cherechedza" chiratidzo chekugogodza chete mukati mechikamu chakatetepa chekutenderera kwecamshafts, iyo ichiri kuda kusvika. Zvechokwadi, maererano nemafungiro eECU, detonation haigone kuitika, semuenzaniso, pakuputika kwemhepo kana pakutanga kwekumanikidza.
Kutsiva sensor yekugogodza
DD inoreva zvakabatanidzwa, iyo inotsiva iyo isingaunze chero matambudziko. Mutumbi wechigadzirwa chacho unogadziriswa zviri nyore pane stud uye kuti uibvise, zvakakwana kusunungura nut uye kubvisa magetsi ekubatanidza.
Dzimwe nguva, panzvimbo yestud, bhaudhi yakasungwa mumuviri webhuroko inoshandiswa. Matambudziko anogona kumuka chete nekuora kweiyo threaded yekubatanidza, sezvo chishandiso chakavimbika uye kubviswa kwayo kwacho kushoma.
Mafuta anopinza-chinangwa, dzimwe nguva anonzi chipanera chemvura, achabatsira.
