Hafu chaiyo kana hafu chaiyo?

Avo vanotanga kupinda munyika yedhijitari uye tekinoroji yedhijitari vanokurumidza kuona kuti miganhu iri pakati pemazano anoshandiswa pano yakasvibiswa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei pfungwa yechokwadi yakasanganiswa iri kuve yakakurumbira - inowanzoratidza zvinorehwa nezviri kuitika munyaya iyi.

Ichokwadi chaicho capacious term. Inogona kutsanangurwa seboka rematekinoroji anobvumira vanhu kunyatsopindirana neXNUMXD dhatabhesi rekombuta munguva chaiyo vachishandisa hunyanzvi hwekuziva uye hunyanzvi (kuona, kunzwa, kubata, kunhuwa). Inogonawo kushandiswa sefomu yakawedzerwa munhu-muchina interfaceiyo inobvumira mushandisi kuzvinyudza mumhepo inogadzirwa nekombuta uye kupindirana nayo nenzira yechisikigo - yakakosha michina inogona kushandiswa kuzadzisa manzwiro ekuve mairi.

Virtual chaiyo yakasiyana 3× i (kunyudzwa, kupindirana, kufungidzira) - ruzivo rwekunyudza vashandisi munzvimbo yakakwana yedhijitari. Ichi chinogona kunge chiri chiitiko chako pachako, asi chinogonawo kugoverwa nevamwe.

Masisitimu ekutanga anoenderana nepfungwa yeVR aive emuchina uye akadzokera kumashure ekutanga 60th century, achiteverwa nemagetsi nemagetsi masisitimu anoshandisa vhidhiyo, uye pakupedzisira macomputer masisitimu. Muna XNUMX kwaive neruzha Sensor, inopa 3D ruvara, vibration, kunhuwa, stereo ruzha, kuvhuvhuta kwemhepo uye manzwiro akafanana. Mune iyi yekutanga vhezheni yeVR, unogona, semuenzaniso, "mhiri kweBrooklyn." Zvisinei, kekutanga shoko rokuti "virtual reality" rakashandiswa Charon Lanier muna 1986 uye zvaireva nyika yekugadzira yakagadzirwa uchishandisa yakakosha software uye zvimwe zvekuwedzera.

Kubva pakunyudzwa kusvika pakudyidzana

Iyo yakapfava VR system ndiyo inonzi hwindo renyika () - yemhando yepamusoro (kana stereography) pamwe neinonzwika ruzha uye yakakosha manipulators. Mamiriro"nemaziso angu" () inobvumira mushandisi kudzora chaiye mutambi uye kuona nyika nemeso ayo. Systems kunyudzwa zvishoma () ine ngowani uye girovhosi rekugadzirisa zvinhu zvinooneka. Systems kunyudzwa zvizere () shandisawo zvipfeko zvakakosha zvinovatendera kushandura masaini kubva kune chaiyo nyika kuita zvinonzwisisika zvinokurudzira.

Pakupedzisira, tinouya kune pfungwa ecological systems (). Kuwana mhedzisiro yekunyudzwa mavari kunobva kune huwandu uye kunaka kwekukurudzira kubva kune chaiyo uye chaiyo nyika, iyo yatinoona nemanzwiro edu. Muenzaniso ndeye CAVE (), kureva kuti, makamuri ese akashongedzerwa nemasikirini akasarudzika pamadziro, chimiro chayo chinoita kuti zvive nyore "kupinda" iyo chaiyo nyika uye kuinzwa nemasensi ese. Mufananidzo uye ruzha zvinotenderedza munhu kubva kumativi ese, uye mapoka ese anogona zvakare "kunyudza".

Kuwedzera chokwadi yakamisikidzwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvepanyika chaiyo. Mifananidzo yakaratidzwa inopa rumwe ruzivo uchishandisa zvinhu zvakapfava uye 3D renderings. Zviri mukati zvinouya kwatiri zvakananga kuburikidza nechiratidziro chakakosha, icho, zvisinei, chisingabvumire kupindirana. Mienzaniso inonyatsozivikanwa yeaugmented real devices ndeye magirazi Google giraziinodzorwa nezwi, mabhatani uye nemasaini. Yakave yave yakakurumbira zvikuru nguva pfupi yadarika, chinova chinhu chekutanga chakabatsira kuwedzera kuziva kwevanhu nezve augmented reality.

Kuedza kutsanangura chokwadi chakasanganiswa (MR) inotsanangurwa seimwe iyo, seAR, inokwidziridza zvinhu chaizvo pane chokwadi, asi ine musimboti wekugara uchipinza majekiseni chaiwo munyika chaiyo.

Izwi rekuti "musanganiswa chokwadi" rinoratidzika kunge rakaunzwa muna 1994 muchinyorwa "A Taxonomy of Mixed Reality Visual Displays". Paula Milgrama i Fumio Kishino. Izvi zvinowanzo nzwisiswa semusanganiswa wezvinhu zvese zvitatu - kugadzirisa kwekombuta, kuisa kwevanhu uye kupinza kwezvakatipoteredza. Kufamba munyika yenyama kunogona kutungamira mukufamba munyika yedhijitari. Miganhu munyika yenyama inogona kukanganisa maapplication akaita semitambo munyika yedhijitari.

Zviri nani kana zvishoma purojekiti pfungwa Microsoft HoloLens goggles. Pakutanga kuona, inongopfuura zvishoma kupfuura Google Girazi, asi pane diki asi rakakosha ruzivo - interactivity. A hologram inokwidziridzwa pamufananidzo chaiwo, watinogona kupindirana nawo. Kureba kwayo nenzvimbo inotarwa nekuongorora kwekamuri, iyo inogara ichiverenga chinhambwe chiri pakati pengowani nenzvimbo dzayo. Mapikicha anoratidzwa anogona kuiswa statically chero kupi, angave ari static kana animated.

Iyo vhezheni yemutambo "Minecraft" yakaunzwa yeHoloLens yakanyatso ratidza kuwanda kwekudyidzana nehologram, yatinogona kufambisa, kuwedzera, kuderera, kuwedzera kana kuderedza. Iyi ingori imwe yemazano, asi inokutendera iwe kuti unzwisise kuti ingani nzvimbo dzehupenyu hwako dzinogona kushandiswa nekuwedzera data uye smart application.

Yakasanganiswa Reality neMicrosoft HoloLens

Kuvhiringidzika

Kuti unzwe chaiwo chaiwo, unofanirwa kupfeka yakakosha () VR mahedhifoni. Mimwe yemidziyo iyi inobatana nekombuta (Oculus Rift) kana mutambo koni (PlayStation VR), asi kune zvakare midziyo yakamira (Google Kadhibhodhi ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa). Mazhinji akamira eVR mahedhifoni anoshanda nemafoni efoni-ingo plug mu smartphone yako, pfeka mahedhifoni, uye wagadzirira kunyura pachako muchokwadi chaicho.

Muchokwadi chakawedzerwa, vashandisi vanoona nyika chaiyo vobva vaona uye pamwe voita kune yedhijitari yakawedzerwa kwairi. Sezvakangoita mukati, umo mamirioni avanhu anofamba nyika chaiyo nemafoni avo achitsvaga zvisikwa zvidiki. Kana iwe uchingove neyazvino smartphone, unogona kurodha zviri nyore iyo AR app uye kuyedza tekinoroji.

Mixed reality ipfungwa itsva, saka inogona kugadzira zvimwe... kuvhiringika. Kune MR iyo inotanga neicho chaicho - zvinhu zvemukati hazvipesani nezviripo, asi zvinogona kupindirana nazvo. Panguva imwecheteyo, mushandisi anoramba ari munharaunda chaiyo iyo yedhijitari inowedzerwa. Zvisinei, kunewo chokwadi chakasanganiswa, chinotanga nenyika chaiyo - nharaunda yedhijitari inogadziriswa uye inotsiva nyika chaiyo. Muchiitiko ichi, mushandisi anoramba akanyudzwa zvachose mumhepo chaiyo apo nyika chaiyo yakavharwa. Izvi zvakasiyana sei neVR? Mumutsauko uyu weMR, zvinhu zvedhijitari zvinopindirana nezvinhu chaizvo, nepo mutsanangudzo yeVR, nharaunda chaiyo haina hukama nenyika chaiyo yakatenderedza mushandisi.

Sezvakaita muStar Wars

Kufungidzira kwevasayendisiti kubva kuBrigham Young University

Superimposing virtual zvinhu pachokwadi kazhinji zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwemidziyo, magirazi kana magirazi. Imwe vhezheni yepasirese yechokwadi yakasanganiswa yaizoonekwa kune wese akatenderedza, pasina yakakosha michina, fungidziro, inozivikanwa, semuenzaniso, kubva kuStar Wars. Holograms dzakadaro dzinogona kuwanikwa kunyange pamakonzati (akanonoka Michael Jackson achitamba pachikuva). Zvakadaro, nyanzvi dzefizikisi paBrigham Young University muUtah munguva pfupi yapfuura dzakashuma mujenari Nature kuti vakagadzira pamwe yakanakisa 3D imaging tekinoroji inozivikanwa kusvika parizvino, kunyangwe vasingaidane kuti holograms.

Chikwata chinotungamirwa naDaniel Smalley chakagadzira XNUMXD inofamba yemifananidzo system inogona kutariswa kubva kune chero kona.

Smalley akaudza Nature News.

Iyo hologram yechinyakare muchimiro chayo chazvino iratidziro yemufananidzo kubva kune inogumira kune imwe kona yekuona. Haikwanisi kuonekwa kubva kumativi ose nenzira imwechete. Zvichakadaro, timu yaSmalley yakagadzira nzira yavanodaidza kuti XNUMXD mepu. Iyo inobata imwechete chidimbu cheselulosi fiber uye inodziya zvakaenzana nelaser matanda. Kuvhenekera chidimbu chinopfuura nemuchadenga, chinosundirwa nekudhonzwa nekuita kwemwaranzi, mwenje unooneka unoratidzwa pairi uchishandisa seti yechipiri yemalaser.

Digital land inotengeswa

Hedzino dzimwe nhau kubva kuSainzi Labs. Nekudaro, zvinozoitika kuti kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvechokwadi kungakurumidza kuve kwepasirese. John Hanke - CEO weNiantic (anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuunza "Pokémon Go") - pamusangano weGamesBeat uchangoburwa, akataura nezve chirongwa chitsva chinombonzi (pasi redhijitari). Iro zano ririkuswedera pedyo nekuswedera kune chokwadi nekuda kweArcona, yekutanga kugadzira yakawedzera chokwadi layer yakatambanudzwa pamusoro pepasi redu. Iyo kambani yakagadzira akati wandei maalgorithms ekugonesa kutorwa kwevanhu vakawanda kwenharembozha AR.

Pfungwa huru yepurojekiti ndeyekuita chokwadi chakawedzerwa zvakatonyanya kupindirana nenyika chaiyo. Nekuda kweArcona algorithms uye kushandiswa kweblock tekinoroji, 3D yemukati inogona kuiswa kure uye ine yakagadzikana chinzvimbo, ichibvumira vashandisi kugadzira ekuwedzera edhijitari kubva chero kupi zvako pasirese. Kambani iyi yakatotanga kuvaka matinji mune mamwe maguta makuru akadai seTokyo, Rome, New York neLondon. Pakupedzisira, chinangwa ndechekugadzira iyo XNUMXD chaiyo-nguva XNUMXD mepu yenyika yese iyo inozoshanda seyakavakwa gore kune akasiyana augmented real mapurojekiti.

Arcona inopa kuona

Parizvino, kambani "yakatengesa" 5 miriyoni m² nyika yako yedhijitari munzvimbo dzakanakisa muMadrid, Tokyo neNew York. Vanopfuura 15 XNUMX vashandisi vakabatana nenharaunda muArkona. Nyanzvi dzinotsanangura kuti zviri nyore kufungidzira zvinonakidza uye zvinoshanda mashandisirwo eiyi tekinoroji. Iyo real estate sector inogona, semuenzaniso, kushandisa iyo AR layer kuratidza kune vatengi vavo kuti mapurojekiti apedzwa achataridzika sei kana apedzwa. Indasitiri yekushanyirwa ichave nemukana wekufadza vashanyi nekunakidzwa kwenzvimbo dzenhoroondo dzisipo. The Digital Earth yaigona kubvumira zviri nyore vanhu vanobva kumativi akasiyana enyika kuti vasangane uye vabatane sokunge vari mukamuri rimwe chete.

Sekureva kwevamwe, kana iyo yakasanganiswa yechokwadi layer yapedzwa, inogona kuve yakakosha IT masisitimu munyika yemangwana - zvakanyanya kukosha uye zvakakosha kupfuura Facebook's social graph kana Google's search engine algorithm.