Steering rack: zvazviri uye mashandiro ayo

Chero mota ine akati wandei kiyi masisitimu, pasina iyo kushanda kwayo kunorambidzwa, kana mutyairi haazobudirire. Pakati peaya masisitimu - kutungamira. Chinhu chakakosha chegadziriro ino ndeye rack steering.

Ngatikurukurei zvakadzama mamiriro ayo, musimboti wekushanda, mhando dzemagudzazwi, pamwe nezvimwe zvinokanganisa mashandiro emushini.

Nhoroondo yekugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi

Vamiririri vekutanga vemotokari ina-mavhiri vaive nezvidhori zvekare. Mavhiri anotenderera aisungirirwa padanda rimwe chete, iro raive rakabatanidzwa nemuviri chete muchikamu chepakati pane hinji - zvinoenderana nemutemo wekutakurwa nebhiza.

Mashini akadaro aisatendera ngoro dzinozvifambisa wega kuti dzifambe, uye nharaunda yakatenderera yaive yakakura zvekuti mota yaigona kutendeuka zvachose kumwe munzvimbo. Uye zvakare, hapana simba rekufambisa raidikanwa kuti upedze mukana.

Nekufamba kwenguva, zvigadziriso zvakaitwa kune yekufambisa system kuitira kudzikisira kona yekufambisa yemotokari. Kuita kuti zvive nyore kumutyairi (nguva yega yega kugadzirwa paita kuti sitiringi itendeuke zvakanyanya), sarudzo dzakasiyana dzakagadziriswa, kubva pakuwedzera dhayamita yedhiraivho pachayo kusvika pakuunza akasiyana magiya muhurongwa.

Semhedzisiro yemakore mazhinji ekuyedza uye kukanganisa, mainjiniya vakagumisa kuti mudhiraivho dhizaini zvinoreva zvegoridhe pakati pekureruka, kuwanikwa uye kuwedzerwa torque kubva kudhiraivho. Mukuwedzera, chigadzirwa chakadaro chinowirirana nemagetsi emagetsi.

Ainoita

Rack mumuchina rinoratidzwa muchimiro chebhari nemeno. Iyo yakabatana nemudhiraivho swivel mashini. Inofambiswa neya steering column shaft uchishandisa giya kana giya rehonye.

Kana dhiraivhi giya vhiri richifambisa bhawa zvichienderana nenzira yekutenderera vhiri. Kumucheto kwetambo, tsvimbo dzekufambisa dzakasungirirwa, idzo dzino sunganidzwa kune swivel yekubatana mashandiro eiri yega vhiri rekufambisa.

Mazhinji mazuva ano madhiraivha ekuisira anowedzerwa akashongedzerwa negudzazwi kuti dhiraivhi rive nyore. Kutenda kuiswa kweiyo michina, nyaradzo uye chengetedzo mumotokari zvakawedzera.

Mudziyo uye zvikamu zvikuru

Kazhinji kazhinji, shanduko yekuisira uye piniin inoshandiswa mumotokari. Chigadzirwa chemushini wakadai chinosanganisira:

• Mudhiraivho - iri mukombi yemota. Nerubatsiro rwayo, mutyairi anoisa divi mota ichifamba;
• Steering column - inoita kunge tsvimbo yesimbi iyo torque inopfuudzwa kubva padhiraivho. Nezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, chinhu ichi chine imwe kana kupfuura majoini emakadhi (mumusoro-mukurovera, dhairekitori inopeta munzvimbo dzinoverengeka, izvo zvinodzivirira kukuvara pachifuva chemutyairi);
• Serrated gozvo pani. Aya mazino anobatana nehonye shaft yekodhi yekufambisa. Iko kuvaka kuri mune yesimbi kesi;
• Steering rack rod - matanda akasungirirwa kumakona ese enjanji neine tambo yakabatana. Kune tambo kumicheto yematanda, iko kune iyo matipi ane hinji.
• Iwo matipi ekutyaira ipombi isina mwena, kune rumwe rutivi rwakagadzirwa neshinda yemukati (tsvimbo yekumisikidza yakamonerwa mairi), uye kune imwe - hinji yakabatana nesimbi yekufambisa yevhiri.

Vamwe mudhiraivho pani nadzurudzo vane vakapakata damper. Iyo iri pakati peiyo rack muviri nematanda. Chinangwa chechikamu ichi ndechekuderedza kubvunda kunouya kubva kumavhiri kana mota ichifambiswa munzira dzisina kuenzana dzemugwagwa. Kazhinji kazhinji, chinhu ichi chakaiswa mumigwagwa yeSUV.

Mhando uye shanduro

Sezvambotaurwa, zvinhu zvakakosha zveiyo steering rack zvakaramba zvisina kuchinja kwemakumi emakore. Kungogadziridzwa kudiki kunoitwa kune iyo mashini, asi musimboti unoramba wakafanana.

Chinhu chega chinosiyanisa zvikamu zvese zverudzi urwu gudzazwi yemotokari. Pane matatu akashandurwa muhuwandu. Ngationgororei maficha eumwe neumwe wavo.

Mechanical mudhiraivho pani

Iko kushandurwa kuri kwekare. Mota dzese dzakashongedzerwa nayo kusvika panguva iyo ma hydraulic nemagetsi ekugadzira zvaakagadzirwa. Rhekeni rinogadzira michini ndiyo yakapusa mhando yechigadzirwa. Nekuda kwemazino madiki uye akakura mukuenzanisa navo iwo mudhiraivho kune mutyairi haufanirwe kuita nhamburiko huru yekushandura mota.

Kune madireering rack ane akasiyana magiya ratios. Kutapira kwegear neaplitude madiki kunoitwa pakati pebhawa, uye chiratidzo ichi chinowedzera kumagumo. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kurerukira kuti mutyairi avhure mudhiraivho kana achitanga kana pakona pakona. Uye munzvimbo dzekupaka, kana mavhiri achida kubviswa kwese kwese, mutyairi haafanire kudzora dhiraivhi kakawanda.

Hydraulic gozvo pani

Iko kushandurwa kwakasiyana neiyo yapfuura nekuti chishandiso chayo chine imwe nzira yekushandisa, inova nekuda kweiyo hydraulic chiito. Verenga zvakawanda nezve musimboti wekushanda kweiyo hydraulic booster. pano.

Iyo hydraulic booster inovimbisa kutsetseka uye panguva imwechete kupinza kweye steering rack mhinduro zvese paunenge uchityaira pakumhanya kwakasiyana uye mumotokari yakamira. Iyi booster inopawo chengetedzo yakawanda kana mota iri muburi. Mune ino kesi, mikana yekuti kana ichirova kusaenzana iro mudhiraivho inodhonza kubva mumaoko emutyairi ishoma.

Electric mudhiraivho pani

Iyo yemagetsi njanji yakafanana amplifier. Panzvimbo pe hydraulic drive, mumagetsi dhizaini inoiswa mune yayo dhizaini, iyo inowedzera kufamba kweye bar yekufambisa.

Mune bhajeti nadzurudzo yemagetsi inosimudzira, mota iri muchikamu chekutungamira. Sarudzo yakachengetedzeka inofungidzirwa sedzesarudzo ine gudzazwi yemagetsi yakaiswa munjanji yacho. Shanduko iyi inosanganisirwa mupakeji yemota dzemhando yepamusoro.

Chekutanga sarudzo ndiyo isina kuchengetedzeka zvakanyanya, nekuti kana gudzazwi ikatadza, zvicharamba zvisingaite kuramba uchimhanyisa mota.

Inofananidzwa nemagetsi, njanji yemagetsi ine zvakwakanakira zvakawanda.

• Kubudirira kukuru;
• Zvishoma kudyiwa kwemidziyo yemota - mune simba rekufambisa, iyo inoshandira mvura inotenderera nguva dzose, sezvo pombi yekutyaira yakabatana ne crankshaft pulley uye inodzimwa chete kana injini yadzimwa. Booster yemagetsi inoshanda chete kana vhiri rekudhiraira rikashandurwa;
• Kushanda kweiyo mashandiro hakutsamiri netembiricha yemhepo (hapana chikonzero chekudziisa iyo mvura kuti iwedzere kuyerera kwayo);
• Kutarisisa kushoma kunodiwa mukuchengetedza - hapana chikonzero chekutarisa huwandu hwemafuta, sezvo mashandiro acho achishanda pane rakasiyana musimboti;
• Chigadzirwa chacho chinosanganisira zvisimbiso zvishoma zvakasiyana, uye hapana mapaipi, zvisimbiso zvinogona kumira pakamanikidzwa. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo michina yakavimbika kupfuura simba rekufambisa.

Huru malfunctions mudhiraivho pani

Zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinoratidza kusashanda zvakanaka kwechairo:

• Paunenge uchityaira mumugwagwa uine husina kufukidzwa, panogogodzwa, iyo inonyangarika kana vhiri rekutenderera rikashandurwa zvakanyanya;
• Kuderedza kana kusavapo kwekuyedza kana uchisimudza mudhiraivho kana munzvimbo yayo yepakati;
• Mudhiraivho unozvishandura;
• Mushure mekutendeuka, vhiri rekusunga rakadzoka rakamira panzvimbo yaro yekutanga kana, kazhinji, rinofanira kutenderedzwa nechisimba;
• Nekadhirivhari kadiki chekukwira, mavhiri acho anotendeuka zvakanyanya kupfuura pakutanga;
• Mutambo wekufambisa wawedzera;
• Kuwedzera kudzoka kune mudhiraivho paunenge uchityaira pamusoro pemapundu;
• Kana mota iine hydraulic booster, mvura inoyerera ichibva pasi pechisimbiso chemafuta, bhuti kana zvimwe zvinhu zvemushini zvine kusvibiswa kwemafuta.

Kana chimwe chezviratidzo zvakanyorwa chikaonekwa, iwe unofanirwa kubva waongorora chishandiso ichi nekuchigadzirisa. Kazhinji zvakakwana kutenga kititi chekugadzirisa uye kutsiva ese magaskets, zvisimbiso uye makapu eguruva, uye chishandiso chinoshanda nemazvo.

Heano akajairwa manejimendi rack kuputsika uye sarudzo dzekugadzirisa:

Kushanda basa	Ungagadzirisa sei
Kubudirira pamazino ebhawa kana muhonye shaft	Kudzoreredza kwezvinhu zvakadaro hazvigoneke, saka zvinotsiviwa nezvitsva.
Kuputsa kwenzvimbo dzekunamatira	Iyo michina inotsiviwa zvachose
Kuparadzwa kweanthers (tsvina uye jecha zvinopinda mukati mechimisikidzo, izvo zvinotungamira mukusimudzira kana ngura dzesimbi zvikamu)	Kutsiva zvekuisa chisimbiso kubva pakagadziriswa kit
Kukanganisa kana kutyora kwetambo matanda kana matipi	Zvikuvadza zvikamu zvinotsiviwa
Iyo bushing yasakara kana kuputswa, ichikonzera kutamba mukotoni	Kutsiva bushing

Uye zvakare, iyo vhidhiyo inotaura nezve kuputsika uye sarudzo dzekugadzirisa dzekutungamira racks:

Steering rack: chii chinodonha uye inogadziriswa sei?

Kudzivirira kwekukanganisa

Yekutandarira pani ndeye yakasarudzika yakavimbika uye yakagadzikana mashandiro. Kuputsika kwayo kunoitika kazhinji kazhinji nekuda kwekushanda zvisina kufanira kwemotokari, kana semhedzisiro yekusatevedzera hurongwa hwekuchengetedza.

Kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwebasa reiyi nzira, iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera kune yakapusa mitemo:

• Paunenge uchityaira mumigwagwa isina kuenzana, deredza kumhanya kwemota kuitira kuti zvigunun'una zvishoma zviwanikwe mukutungamira;
• Siya mota yakamiswa ine mavhiri akatwasuka;
• Usatendese vhiringi munzira yese (kana paine simba redhiraivhi, kuridza mhere kana huta kubva pagudzazwi pombi zvinonzwika), uye usazvibata munzvimbo iyi kweanopfuura masekondi mashanu;
• Chinja mafuta ari mudura rekushandisa simba munguva, dzora mwero wemvura iyi;
• Nguva nenguva ita kutarisa kunoonekwa kweanthers uye zvisimbiso;
• Simbisa simba mudhiraivhi nekushandura vhiringi kanoverengeka mumativi ese maviri usati watyaira.

Kushanda kwakakodzera kwechairi kunokanganisa kuchengetedzeka mota ichifamba, nekudaro, maaramu anoratidza kusagadzikana kweiyo michina haigone kufuratirwa.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinonzi steering rack? Ndiyo nzira iyo torque inotamiswa nayo kubva pachidhiraivho ichienda kune chidhiraivho knuckle yemavhiri. The steering column inoshandura rotary motion kuita linear motion.

Chii chinoitika kana chidhiraivho chapwanyika? Kukanganisa rack rack kunotungamirira kune yakawandisa dhiraivha kutamba, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kune emergency munzira. Nechakaipa chekufambisa rack, maneuverability yemuchina wakarasika.

Rering steering rinotora nguva yakareba sei? Izvo zvinoenderana nekugadzirwa kwayo: rudzii rwe amplifier mukati mayo, rudzi rwekutumira runoshandiswa. Vamwe vavo vanopinda 70-80 zviuru, asi vamwe vanoshanda nguva dzose 150.