Inopfava semhepo, inopisa sezuva. Iro Rima Divi reRenewable Energy

Renewable simba masosi haasi chete zviroto, tariro uye tarisiro fungidziro. Chokwadi ndechekuti zvinogadziriswa zvakare zviri kukonzera kuvhiringidzika kwakawanda munyika yesimba uye zvichikonzera matambudziko ayo echinyakare magridi nemasisitimu haagone kubata nguva dzose. Kukura kwavo kunounza zvinoshamisa zvisingafadzi uye mibvunzo yatisingakwanise kupindura parizvino.

Simba rinogadzirwa mune renewable energy sources - mapurazi emhepo uye photovoltaic kuiswa - idambudziko chairo kune masisitimu emagetsi enyika.

Iko kushandiswa kwesimba kwetiweki hakusi nguva dzose. Zvinoenderana nekuchinja kwezuva nezuva mune zvakati wandei zvakakura zvehunhu. Kudzorwa kwaro nehurongwa hwemagetsi kunoramba kwakaoma, nekuti kwakabatana nekudiwa kwekuona ma parameter akakodzera eiyo mains ikozvino (voltage, frequency). Panyaya yemagetsi emagetsi echinyakare, senge turbine turbine, kuderedzwa kwemagetsi kunogoneka nekudzikisa mhepo yemhepo kana kumhanya kweiyo turbine. Mutemo wakadaro haugoneki mumhepo yemhepo. Kukurumidza kuchinja kwesimba remhepo (semhepo) kunogona kubvumwa kuunza simba rakakura munguva pfupi, asi zvakaoma kuti gidhi remagetsi ritore. Simba rekuwedzera munetiweki kana kusavapo kwayo kwenguva pfupi, zvakare, kunoisa kutyisidzira kumagumo evashandisi, michina, makomputa, nezvimwe. magidhi akangwara, anonzi akashongedzerwa nematurusi akakodzera, anosanganisira masisitimu ekuchengetedza simba, anoshanda uye akazara ekugovera masisitimu. Zvisinei, pachine mashoma masisitimu akadaro munyika.

Australian Greens artwork yekupemberera zero greenhouse gas emissions

Kunze uye masimba asina kushandiswa

Kudzimwa kwemagetsi kwakarova South Australia munaGunyana apfuura kwakakonzerwa nezvinetso pamapfumbamwe emafemu emhepo gumi nematatu anopa magetsi mudunhu iri. Nekuda kweizvozvo, 445 megawatts yemagetsi yakarasika kubva mugetsi. Kunyangwe vashandi vepurazi remhepo vakavimbisa kuti mabhureki haana kukonzerwa nekushanduka-shanduka kwesimba remhepo - ndiko kuti, kuwedzera kana kudzikira kwesimba remhepo - asi nematambudziko esoftware, fungidziro yesimba risingavimbike rinodzokororwa rakange rakaoma kuparadza.

Dr. Alan Finkel, uyo akazotsvakurudza misika yemagetsi panzvimbo yezviremera zveAustralia, akasvika pakugumisa kuti kukurudzirwa kwemasimba ekugadzirisa magetsi kunosarura kune zvikamu zvevarombo zvevanhu. Sekuona kwake, sezvo indasitiri inodyara zvakanyanya musimba rinodzokororwa, mitengo yemagetsi inofanira kukwira, ichirova mari yakaderera zvakanyanya.. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kuAustralia, iyo iri kuvhara zvidyarwa zvayo zvemarasha zvakachipa uye kuyedza kuzvitsiva nezvinogoneka.

Sezvineiwo, yekupedzisira magetsi emagetsi emagetsi mune yambotaurwa yakadzima-yakarova South Australia yakavharwa nguva pfupi matambudziko atsanangurwa, muna Chivabvu 2016. Supply volatility idambudziko rinozivikanwa asi harisati ranyanyozivikanwa nesimba rinogoneka. Isu tinomuzivawo kubva kuPoland. Kana iwe ukabatanidza iyo 4,9 GW yemhepo turbine simba yakawanikwa muna Zvita 26, 2016, pakaitika Hurricane Barbara, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwemagetsi epamba svondo rapfuura, zvakazoitika kuti yaive yakadzikira makumi manomwe!

Germany neChina vakatoona kuti hazvina kukwana kuvaka mhepo uye solar panels kuti simba idzva rishande zvakanaka. Hurumende yeGermany nguva pfupi yadarika yakamanikidzwa kubhadhara varidzi vematurbine emhepo anorima howa kuti vateme magetsi nekuti magidhi ekutapurirana aisakwanisa kutakura mutoro waiendeswa. Kune matambudziko muChina zvakare. Ikoko, mashizha emagetsi emarasha, asingagoni kuchinjwa uye kuvharwa nokukurumidza, anoita kuti mhepo yemhepo imire isina basa 15% yenguva, sezvo grid haigoni kugamuchira simba kubva kumagetsi emagetsi uye turbines. Handizvo zvoga. Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi eSolar zviri kuvakwa ipapo nekukurumidza zvekuti network yekutumira haigone kuwana kana 50% yesimba ravanogadzira.

Maturbine emhepo ari kupera simba

Gore rakapera, vatsvakurudzi veGermany Max Planck Institute muJena vakabudisa bepa mupepanhau resainzi rine mukurumbira Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) rinoratidza kuti kushanda kwemapurazi makuru emhepo kwakadzikira zvakanyanya pane zvingangove mhedzisiro yavo. scale. Sei huwandu hwesimba hwakagamuchirwa husingatsamiri mumutsara pakukura kwechirimwa? Vesainzi vanoti zvigayo zvemhepo pachazvo ndizvo zvinononotsa mhepo ichishandisa simba rayo, zvinoreva kuti kana paine yakawanda yakaiswa panzvimbo yakapihwa, vamwe vacho havazoigamuchira muhuwandu hwakakwana kuti ishande nehunyanzvi.

Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa dhiyabhorosi kubva kuhuwandu hwemapurazi makuru emhepo uye vakaaenzanisa nemashoko kubva kune ega ega emhepo turbines kuti vagadzire modhi yakavakirwa pane yakatozivikanwa mienzaniso yemhepo mechanics. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuona mamiriro ekunze munharaunda yemagetsi. Sezvakacherechedzwa naDr. Lee Miller, mumwe wevanyori vechinyorwa ichi, kufungidzirwa kwesimba kwesimba remaisulated turbines emhepo kwakakwirisa zvakanyanya pane kucherechedzwa pakuiswa kwavo kwese.

Masayendisiti akafunga kuti, kana yakanyanyisa, turbine yemhepo iri munzvimbo ine density yezvimisikidzo zvakadaro inogona kuburitsa 20% chete yemagetsi angangowanikwa dai iri yega.

Masayendisiti akashandisa akagadziridzwa maitiro emodhi yematurbine emhepo kufungidzira maitiro adzo pasi rose. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuverenga kuti isimba rakadii

Magetsi anogona kugadzirwa pasi rose pachishandiswa maturbine emhepo. Zvinoitika kuti inenge 4% chete yepasi pevhu inogona kuburitsa zvinopfuura 1 W/m.²uye paavhareji anenge 0,5 W / m² - Aya makoshero akafanana nefungidziro yapfuura yakavakirwa pamhando yepamusoro yemamiriro ekunze, asi yakaderera zvakapetwa kagumi pane fungidziro inoenderana nekumhanya kwemhepo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tichichengetedza kugovaniswa kwakaringana kwematurbine emhepo, pasi rinozokwanisa kugamuchira zvisingapfuure makumi manomwe neshanu TW zvesimba remhepo. Zvisinei, izvi zvichiri zvakawanda kupfuura ikozvino yakaiswa simba remagetsi munyika (anenge 75 TW), saka hapana chikonzero chekunetseka, nokuti kune chete 20 MW yesimba remhepo rinoshanda paNyika nhasi.

Kupondwa kwezvisikwa zvinobhururuka

Mumakore achangopfuura, kwave kune mishumo uye ruzivo pamusoro pekuurayiwa kweshiri nezviremwaremwa nemagetsi emhepo. Pane kutya kunozivikanwa kuti michina, inotenderera mumafuro, inotyisa mhou, kunze kwekuti, inofanira kubudisa infrasound inokuvadza, nezvimwewo. Hapana zvidzidzo zvesayenzi zvinogutsa panyaya iyi, kunyange zvazvo mishumo yehecatombs yezvisikwa zvinobhururuka iine data yakavimbika.

Mufananidzo wekamera inopisa unoratidza chiremwaremwa chichibhururuka pedyo neturbine yemhepo usiku.

Gore negore, mazana ezviuru zvezviremwaremwa zvinorwisa mapurazi emhepo. Treetop nesting mhuka dzinoyamwisa dzinovhiringidza mafungu emhepo akatenderedza mhepo ine mhepo yakatenderedza dzimba dzadzo, saiti yakataurwa muna 2014. Miti ine simba inofanirawo kuyeuchidza zviremwaremwa zvemiti mirefu, mukorona dzavanotarisira makore ezvipembenene kana dendere ravo. Izvi zvinoratidzika kunge zvinotsigirwa nemifananidzo yekamera inopisa, iyo inoratidza kuti zviremwaremwa zvinozvibata nenzira imwechete nemapurazi emhepo sezvazvinoita nemiti. Masayendisiti anoti mazana ezviuru zvezviremwaremwa aigona kurarama kana magadzirirwo emarotor blades akachinjwa. Mhinduro ndeyekuwedzera chikumbaridzo painotangira kutenderera. Vatsvagiri vari kufungawo nezve kushongedza maturbine ane maaramu emagetsi ekuyambira zviremwaremwa.

Rejista yekudhumhana kwemhuka idzi nematurbine emhepo, semuenzaniso kuGermany, inoitiswa neBrandenburg State Environmental Protection Agency, inosimbisa hukuru hwerufu. Vanhu vekuAmerica vakaongororawo chiitiko ichi, vachisimbisa kufa kwakanyanya pakati pezviremwaremwa, uye zvakaonekwa kuti kuwanda kwekudhumhana kwaienderana nemamiriro ekunze. Pakumhanya kukuru kwemhepo, reshiyo yekukanganisa yaive yakadzikira, uye pakumhanya kwemhepo yakaderera, nhamba yevanyajambwa yakawedzera. Iyo yekumisa kumhanya kwemhepo uko kudhumhana kwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya kwakatemwa kuve 6 m/s.

Shiri yakatsva pamusoro peIvapa complex

Sezvazvakazoitika, zvinosuruvarisa, guru reAmerican solar power plant Ivanpah rinourayawo. Nguva pfupi yakatangwa, The Wall Street Journal yakazivisa kuti chirongwa cheCalifornian chinogona kunge chiri chekupedzisira cherudzi rwayo muUS, chaizvo nekuda kweavian hecatombs.

Iyo yakaoma inogara 1300 mahekita mune imwe yeCalifornian renje, maodzanyemba akadziva kumadokero kweLas Vegas. Iine shongwe nhatu dzine urefu hwe40 pasi uye 350 zviuru zvezvionioni. Magirazi anoratidza chiedza chezuva akananga kumakamuri ebhailer ari pamusoro peshongwe. Steam inogadzirwa, iyo inofambisa majenareta kuti abudise magetsi. Zvakakwana 140 zviuru. kumba. Zvisinei girazi rinopisa mhepo yakatenderedza shongwe kusvika 540 ° C uye shiri dzinobhururuka pedyo dzinongopisa dziri mhenyu.. Maererano nemushumo weHarvey & Associates, vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu vakafa pachirimwa mukati megore.

Yakawandisa media hype

Pakupedzisira, zvakakodzera kutaura chimwe chiitiko chisingafadzi. Chifananidzo chesimba rinodzokororwa kazhinji chinotambura nekuwedzeredza uye yakawandisa media hype, iyo inogona kutsausa vanhu nezve chaiyo mamiriro ekuvandudza tekinoroji iyi.

Semuenzaniso, misoro yenhau yakambozivisa kuti guta reLas Vegas rave kuenda kunovandudzwa zvachose. Zvainzwisa tsitsi. Mushure mekuverenga zvakanyatsonaka uye zvakadzama mumashoko akapiwa, takaona kuti hongu - muLas Vegas vari kuchinja kune 100% simba rinoshandiswazve, asi chete ... zvivakwa zvemanisipala, izvo zvinoumba chikamu chezana chezvivakwa mune izvi. agglomeration.

tinokukoka kuti uverenge TOPIC NUMBER mukuburitswa kwazvino.