Kushandiswa kwemafuta kwemarara
Nei oiri ichidyirwa tsvina?
Kunyangwe muinjini inoshanda zvizere, isina kubuda kwekunze, mwero wemafuta unodonha zvishoma nezvishoma. Kumainjini matsva, kudonha kwemazinga kunowanzongoita mamirimita mashoma (sekuyerwa nedipstick) uye dzimwe nguva kunoonekwa sekusavapo zvachose kwekutsva kwemafuta muinjini. Asi nhasi muzvisikwa hakuna injini isingadyi mafuta nemarara zvachose. Uye pasi tichakuudza chikonzero nei.
Chekutanga, iwo chaiwo mashandisirwo emafuta mumhete-cylinder friction pair inoreva kupisa kwayo. Pamadziro emasilinda emotokari dzakawanda, iyo inonzi khonni inoshandiswa - microrelief yakagadzirirwa kuteya mafuta muchigamba chekubatana. Uye zvindori zvemafuta ekucheka, hongu, hazvikwanisi mumuviri kuwana iyi lubricant kubva kune notches pa cylinder. Naizvozvo, lubricant yakasara pamusoro pehukudzo inopiswa zvishoma nemafuta anopisa panguva yekushanda.
Chechipiri, kunyangwe mumamotor umo, maererano nehunyanzvi hwekuita, masilinda akakwenenzverwa kusvika kune yegirazi mamiriro, chokwadi chekuvapo kweiyo microrelief pane inoshanda nzvimbo haina kubviswa. Mukuwedzera, kunyange iyo inonyanya kufunga uye inobudirira mafuta scraper zvindori hazvikwanisi kubvisa zvachose mafuta kubva pamadziro e-cylinder, uye inopisa kunze kwechisikigo.
Chiyero chekushandiswa kwemafuta kwemarara chinotarirwa neautomaker uye chinenge chinogara chichiratidzwa mumirairo yekushanda kwemotokari. Mufananidzo unotaurwa nemugadziri unowanzo ratidza huwandu hunobvumirwa mafuta einjini. Mushure mekudarika chikumbaridzo chinoratidzwa neautomaker, injini inofanira kunge ichiongororwa, sezvo nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvindori nevhavha stem seal zvakasakara uye zvinoda kuchinjwa.
Kune dzimwe injini, mwero wekushandiswa kwemafuta pakurasa, sekutaura, kune imwe nhanho. Somuenzaniso, paM54 injini dzeBMW motokari, kusvika ku700 ml pamakiromita 1000 inoonekwa seyakajairika. Kureva kuti, nehukuru hunobvumidzwa kushandiswa kwemafuta, zvichave zvakafanira kuwedzera inenge yakaenzana huwandu hwemafuta pakati pekutsiva sezviri mumotokari.
Kushandiswa kwemafuta kumarara enjini yedhiziri: kuverenga
Injini dzedhiziri, kusiyana neinjini dzepeturu, dzave dzichinyanya kushata maererano nekushandiswa kwemafuta munguva dzese dzeindasitiri yemotokari. Iyo poindi iri mune chaiyo yebasa: iyo compression ratio uye, kazhinji, voltage pazvikamu zve crankshaft yeinjini dzedhiziri yakakwira.
Kazhinji, vatyairi havazivi nzira yekuzvimiririra kuverenga mashandisirwo emafuta anopedzwa neinjini yekurasa. Kusvika iye zvino, nzira dzakawanda dzinozivikanwa.
Yekutanga uye yakapusa ndiyo nzira yekuisa kumusoro. Pakutanga, pakugadzirisa kunotevera, iwe unoda kuzadza mafuta zvakanyatsoenderana nepamusoro pechiratidzo chepamusoro pane dipstick. Mushure memakiromita 1000, zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera mafuta kubva muchigadziko chemarita kusvikira chiyero chakafanana chasvika. Kubva pane zvakasara mugaba, unogona kunzwisisa kuti yakawanda sei motokari yakadya mafuta emarara. Kudzora kuyerwa kunofanirwa kuitwa pasi pemamiriro akafanana aive panguva yekugadziriswa. Semuenzaniso, kana chiyero chemafuta chakatariswa pane injini inopisa, saka mushure mekuwedzera izvi zvinofanira kuitwa pasi pemamiriro akafanana. Zvikasadaro, mhedzisiro inowanikwa inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kumafuta chaiwo einjini.
Yechipiri nzira ichapa mhinduro yakarurama. Nyatsobvisa mafuta kubva ku crankcase panguva yekugadzirisa. Dururira patsva kune chepamusoro chiratidzo pane dipstick uye tarisa kuti yakawanda sei yasara mugaba. Semuenzaniso, tinodurura zvakasara mumudziyo wekuyeresa kuti uwane mhedzisiro chaiyo, asi iwe unogona zvakare kufamba nechiyero chekuyeresa pachigaba. Isu tinobvisa zvakasara kubva kune zita rezita recanister - tinowana huwandu hwemafuta anodururwa mujini. Mukuita kutyaira, anopfuura zviuru gumi neshanu zvemakiromita (kana imwe mileage inodzorwa neautomaker), wedzera mafuta kune chiratidzo uye uverenge. Zviri nyore kungo wedzera ne litre cans. Kazhinji mutsauko pakati pemaki pa dipstick inenge rita. Mushure mekugadzirisa kunotevera, tinobvisa mafuta kubva mukrankcase uye tinoyera huwandu hwayo. Isu tinobvisa huwandu hwemigodhi yakadonhedzwa kubva payakazadzwa vhoriyamu yemafuta. Kumutengo unoguma, tinowedzera huwandu hwese hwemafuta akazadzwa mukati memakiromita zviuru gumi nemashanu. Igovanisa kukosha kunoguma ne 15. Ichi chichava huwandu hwemafuta anopisa kunze kwemakiromita 15 mumotokari yako. Kubatsira kweiyi nzira sampuli hombe, iyo inobvisa zvikanganiso zvekushanda izvo zvinowanzoitika kune kuyerwa kune yakaderera mileage.
Ipapo tinongoenzanisa kukosha kwakawanikwa nedata repasipoti. Kana kushandiswa kwemarara kuri mukati memaitiro - tinoenda mberi uye usanetseka. Kana ichipfuura kukosha kwepasipoti, zvinokurudzirwa kuita diagnostics uye kuziva zvikonzero zvekuwedzera kwe "zhora" yemafuta.
