Muchina mutsva math? Elegant mapatani uye kusabatsira
Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, michina inogona kugadzira kana, kana uchida, kuwana masvomhu matsva zvachose ayo isu vanhu tisina kumboona kana kufunga nezvawo. Vamwe vanopikisa kuti michina haigadziri chinhu pachayo, inogona kungomiririra mafomula atinoziva neimwe nzira, uye haigone kubata nemamwe matambudziko emasvomhu zvachose.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, boka revasayendisiti kubva kuTechnion Institute muIsrael neGoogle vakaratidza otomatiki sisitimu yekugadzira theoremsiyo yavakadaidza kuti Ramanujan muchina mushure menyanzvi yemasvomhu Srinivasi Ramanujanauyo akagadzira zviuru zvezvimiro zvinokatyamadza mudzidziso yenhamba nedzidzo shoma kana kuti isina yechikoro. Iyo sisitimu yakagadziridzwa nevatsvaguri yakashandura akati wandei epakutanga uye akakosha mafomula kuita anogara aripo anoonekwa mumasvomhu. Pepa pamusoro penyaya iyi rakatsikiswa mujenari Nature.
Imwe yemuchina-inogadzirwa mafomula inogona kushandiswa kuverenga kukosha kweiyo universal inogara ichidanwa Nhamba yeCatalan, inoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura kushandisa mafomula aizivikanwa kare akawanikwa nevanhu. Zvisinei, masayendisiti anotaura izvozvo Motokari yaRamanujan hazvina kuitirwa kubvisa masvomhu kubva kuvanhu, asi kuti kupa rubatsiro kunyanzvi dzemasvomhu. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti hurongwa hwavo hauna chido. Sezvavanonyora, Muchina "unoedza kutevedzera masvomhu intuition yevakuru vemasvomhu uye nekupa mazano ekuwedzera masvomhu."
Iyo sisitimu inoita fungidziro pamusoro pehukoshero hwezvakasarudzika (se) zvakanyorwa seanoyevedza mafomula anonzi anoenderera mberi mafraction kana anoenderera mberi zvikamu (1). Iri izita renzira yekutaura nhamba chaiyo sechikamu muchimiro chakakosha kana muganhu wezvikamu zvakadaro. Chikamu chinoramba chichienderera chinogona kuva chine magumo kana kuva nemaquotient akawanda asingaperi.i/bi; chikamu Ak/Bk yakawanikwa nekurasa zvikamu zvidiki muchikamu chinoenderera, kutanga kubva pa (k + 1)th, inonzi kth reduct uye inogona kuverengerwa nemafomula:-1= 1, A0=b0In-1=0,V0= 1, Ak=bkAk-1+akAk-2Ink=bkBk-1+akBk-2; kana nhevedzano yezvidzoreso ichichinjika kumuganhu unogumira, ipapo chikamu chinopfuurira chinonzi convergent, kana zvisina kudaro chinosiyana; Chikamu chinopfuurira chinonzi arithmetic kanai= 1, p0 rakapedzwa, bi (i> 0) - zvakasikwa; arithmetic inopfuurira chikamu chinosangana; nhamba imwe neimwe chaiyo inokura kusvika pachikamu chesvomhu chinopfuurira, chinogumira panhamba dzine musoro chete.
1. Muenzaniso wekunyora Pi sechikamu chinoenderera mberi
Ramanujan muchina algorithm inosarudza chero mativi ose epasirese kudivi rekuruboshwe uye chero anoenderera mberi zvikamu zvedivi rekurudyi, uye zvino anoverenga divi rimwe nerimwe rakaparadzana nekunyatsoita. Kana mativi ese ari maviri achiita seanopindirana, huwandu hunoverengerwa nekunyatsoona kuti mutambo haufanani kana kusarongeka. Zvakakosha, pane zvatova mafomula anokubvumira kuverenga kukosha kwepasi rose constants, semuenzaniso, nechero chaiyo, saka chipingamupinyi chega chekutarisa kuenderana kwepeji ndiyo nguva yekuverenga.
Vasati vaita maalgorithms akadaro, nyanzvi dzemasvomhu dzaifanira kushandisa yaivepo. ruzivo rwemasvomhu i theoremskuita fungidziro yakadaro. Kutenda kune otomatiki fungidziro inogadzirwa nealgorithms, nyanzvi dzemasvomhu dzinogona kuzvishandisa kudzoreredza akavanzika theorems kana zvimwe "zvinoyevedza" mhedzisiro.
Kunyanya kucherechedzwa kuwanikwa kwevaongorori hakusi ruzivo rutsva sefungidziro nyowani yekukosha kunoshamisa. Izvi zvinobvumira kuverenga kweCatalan nguva dzose, chisingaperi chine ukoshi hunodiwa mumatambudziko mazhinji emasvomhu. Kuzvitaura sechikamu chinoenderera mberi mufungidziro ichangobva kuwanikwa inobvumira kuverenga nekukurumidza kusvika parizvino, kukunda mafomula ekutanga ayo akatora nguva yakareba kuti agadzirise mukombuta. Izvi zvinoita kunge zvichiratidza nhanho nyowani yekufambira mberi kwesainzi yekombuta kubvira apo makomputa akatanga kurova chess vatambi.
Izvo AI haigone kubata
Machine algorithms Sezvauri kuona, vanoita zvimwe zvinhu nenzira itsva uye inoshanda. Vatarisana nezvimwe zvinetso, havana zvavanogona kuita. Boka revaongorori vepaYunivhesiti yeWaterloo muCanada vakawana kirasi yematambudziko vachishandisa kudzidza muchina. Kuwanikwa kwacho kwakabatana negangaidzo rakatsanangurwa pakati pezana ramakore rapfuura nenyanzvi yemasvomhu yekuAustria Kurt Gödel.
Nyanzvi yemasvomhu Shai Ben-David nechikwata chake vakapa modhi yekudzidza muchina inonzi maximum prediction (EMX) mune imwe bhuku mujenari Nature. Zvingaita sekuti basa rakapfava rakazova risingabviri kune hungwaru hwekugadzira. Dambudziko rakaunzwa nechikwata Shay Ben-David inodzika pakufanotaura iyo inonyanya kupa mari yekushambadzira mushandirapamwe, yakatarisana nevaverengi vanoshanyira saiti kazhinji. Huwandu hwezvinogoneka hwakakura zvekuti neural network haikwanise kuwana basa rinofanotaura nemazvo maitiro evashandisi vewebhusaiti, iine chete sampuli diki yedata pairi.
Zvakazoitika kuti mamwe ematambudziko anokonzerwa neural network akaenzana nekuenderera mberi hypothesis yakaitwa naGeorg Cantor. Nyanzvi yemasvomhu yeGermany yakaratidza kuti kadhidhi yekadhi yenhamba dzechisikigo ishoma pane kadhiiniti yekuisa nhamba chaiyo. Akabva abvunza mubvunzo waakatadza kupindura. Sezvineiwo, akashamisika kana kune isingaperi seti ine kadhinari ishoma pane iyo kadhinari ye seti yenhamba chaidzoasi simba rakawanda set of natural numbers.
Austrian masvomhu yezana ramakore rechi XNUMX. Kurt Gödel yakaratidza kuti fungidziro yekuenderera mberi haigoneke mune yazvino masvomhu system. Zvino zvakazoitika kuti masvomhu vanogadzira neural network vakatarisana nedambudziko rakafanana.
Naizvozvo, kunyange zvazvo risingaoneki kwatiri, sezvatinoona, haribetseri mukutarisana neganhuriro dzinokosha. Masayendisiti anoshamisika kana aine matambudziko ekirasi iyi, senge asingagumi seti, semuenzaniso.
