Ndinofanira kudziya injini yejekiseni uye inotendeuka sei?
Zviri mukati
Vazhinji vatyairi vemotokari vari kushamisika: zvakakosha here kudziya injini yejekiseni uye nei? Takaunganidza ruzivo rwese runobatsira mune chimwe chinyorwa.
Zviri mukati
- 1 Sei uchidziya uye kune kupisa kupi?
- 2 Zvimiro zvekushanda kweinjini munguva yechando uye zhizha
- 3 Chiyero chedhiziri uye injector kune preheat
- 4 Sei injini isingatangi kana kutanga isingadi?
- 5 Turnovers float kana knock inonzwika - tiri kutsvaga dambudziko
Sei uchidziya uye kune kupisa kupi?
Mubvunzo wekuti zvakakosha kudziya injini inokakavara zvikuru. Saka, semuenzaniso, munyika dzeEurope, maitiro akadaro anogona kubhadhariswa faindi, nekuti vanoisa kukosha kukuru kune ecology. Hongu, uye isu tine vanhu vazhinji vanoti kuvhiya uku kuchava nemhedzisiro yakaipa pamamiriro emota. Pane chokwadi mumaonero avo. Kuti injini ichidziya kusvika kune yakajairika tembiricha isina basa, unofanirwa kumirira kwenguva yakareba, uye mamiriro akadaro ane mhedzisiro yakaipa pakushanda kwayo. Nekukurumidza kupisa, kune mukana wakakura wekutadza kweiyo block musoro kana jamming yemapiston. Mhosva munyaya iyi ichave yakanyanyisa tension.
Kudziisa injini
Nekudaro, kana iyo simba yuniti isina kudziyirwa, ipapo kuderera kwezvikamu zvine chekuita nemusiyano muhukuru hweinotonhora injini spare parts kuchawedzera zvakanyanya. Uyezve haina kukwana lube. Zvese izvi zvakashata zvakanyanya kune yakajairika mamiriro emota uye zvinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro inosuruvarisa.
Kuderera kwezvikamu
Saka unogadzirisa sei kusawirirana uku? Mhinduro ndeye banal, iwe unongoda kutevera mazano emugadziri. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kune tembiricha iyo injini dzinodziya. Saka, semuenzaniso, motokari dzepamba dzinogona kushandiswa mushure mokunge injini ichidziya kusvika ku45 ° C. Ichokwadi, iyo yakakwana yekushisa, pamwe chete nenguva yekudziya-nguva, zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemotokari, mwaka, mamiriro ekunze, nezvimwewo.
Zvimiro zvekushanda kweinjini munguva yechando uye zhizha
Hazvibviri kufuratira kudziya kweinjini munguva yechando, kunyanya kana iri -5 uye kunyanya -20 ° C kunze. Sei? Somugumisiro wekubatana kwemusanganiswa unopisa uye spark pamakenduru, kuputika kunoitika. Nomuzvarirwo, kudzvanywa mukati memasilinda kunowedzera zvakanyanya, piston inotanga kudzorera uye kuburikidza ne crankshaft uye cardan inovimbisa kutenderera kwemavhiri. Zvese izvi zvinoperekedzwa nekupisa kwakanyanya uye kukakavara, izvo zvinoita kuti kukurumidza kupera kwezvikamu. Kuti zviite zvishoma, zvinodikanwa kuzora nzvimbo dzese dzekuzora nemafuta. Chii chinoitika pakupisa kwe sub-zero? Ndizvozvo, mafuta anova akakora uye mhedzisiro yacho haizowanikwe.
Kudziisa mota kuchitonhora
Chii chaunofanira kuita kana kunze kutonhora kwakanaka munguva yechando? Ndinofanira kudziya injini here kana kuti ndinogona kutanga kutyaira ipapo? Mhinduro yacho haina mubvunzo - haugone kuenderera mberi. Muchiitiko ichi, unogona kungoderedza nguva yekudziya-kupisa, somuenzaniso, kubva pa5 kusvika kumaminitsi 2-3. Kana kwatonhora, iwe unofanirwa kuchenjerera nekushanda kwekutakura kwako. Usakurumidza kusimudza kumhanya, rega mota ishande mu "light" mode. Kusvikira injini yasvika tembiricha yekushanda (yemotokari zhinji iri 90 ° C), usapfuure 20 km / h. Kubatidza chitofu mukamba kuchavewo nechakaipa kusvika tembiricha yejinjini yasvika 50-60 ° C. Ndiyo tembiricha iyi inonzi ndiyo yakajairika yekudziya nekutanga kwechando.
Kana zvinhu zvose zvakajeka nechando, zvino sei kupisa muzhizha, zvakakosha here kupisa injini panguva ino yegore? Kunyangwe pa +30 °C, rega mota ishande kwekanguva, ingangoita 30-60 masekonzi.
Auto idle operation
Iyo tembiricha yekushandisa yeinjini i90 ° C, saka kunyangwe mwaka uchipisa sei, injini ichiri kuda kupiswa muzhizha, kunyangwe isiri ne110 ° C (se -20 ° C). Nomuzvarirwo, musiyano uyu unokanganisa nguva yekuita, uye inoderedzwa kusvika makumi mashoma emasekonzi. Kunyangwe muinjini, yakajairika kushanda kumanikidza kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi, uye izvi zvinotorawo nguva. Nenzira iyi, Chero zviitiko zvikaitika, kungave kutonhora kwechando kana zhizha rinopisa, chengetedza mota yako zvakadaro - kanganwa nezve "kukurumidza kutanga", usapfuure 20 km/h uye 2000 rpm kusvikira injini yasvika yakajairika tembiricha yekushanda..
Chiyero chedhiziri uye injector kune preheat
Sei zvakakosha kudziya injini yedhiziri uye inoitwa sei? Chinhu chezvikamu izvi chiri kushanda zvakanaka kunyange munzvimbo inotonhora. Imotokari yedhiziri inotanga pasina matambudziko uye inowanzoita zvakakwana, asi kushayikwa kwekudziya kuchava nemigumisiro yakaipa pane zvayo. Kushushikana kwakanyanya kunomuka uye kupfeka kuchawedzera, zvekuti munguva pfupi iri kuuya mubvunzo wekugadzirisa kana kutsiva wakazara weinjini yedhiziri uchamuka.
Injini yeDhiza
Iyo yekudziya-up nguva ndeye 3 kusvika 5 maminetsi asina kuita. Asi dzivirira maitiro akareba, zvikasadaro kabhoni deposits uye resin deposits inoumba pamusoro pezvikamu. Injini dzeTurbocharged dzinofanirwa kubvumidzwa kusashanda kweinenge 1-2 maminetsi. Izvi zvinoderedza kuderera kweiyo turbine.
Carbon deposits pamusoro pezvikamu
Zvizhinji zvezvose, maonero akasiyana pamusoro peinjini yejekiseni, zvakakosha here kuidziya? Kunyange vamwe vagadziri vemotokari dzekunze vanopikisa kuti kushanda kwakadaro kunofanira kubviswa. Asi zviri nani kudziya iyi mota kweinenge miniti 1 muchando. Kana iyo motokari yakachengetwa mugaraji, munzvimbo yekupaka kana mune imwe nzvimbo iyo kutonhora kuri pasi pe zero, zvino zvingava zvakanaka kupeta nguva ino. Muzhizha, masekondi mashoma anokwana, asi chete kana iyo mafuta system iri kushanda uye yakakwirira-yemhando yekugadzira mafuta (inokurudzirwa nemugadziri wemotokari) inoshandiswa.
Sei injini isingatangi kana kutanga isingadi?
Tinogona kufunga nezvemubvunzo wekuti zvakakosha kudziya injini, kuneta. Nekudaro, kazhinji tinosangana nematambudziko kunyangwe mushure mekuvhiya uku. Dzimwe nguva injini yakatodziya haitangi, uye chikonzero cheizvi chinogona kunge chiri kupisa, semhedzisiro yekuti iyo antifreeze tembiricha sensor kana inotonhorera system booster pombi inotadza.
Antifreeze tembiricha sensor kutadza
Panogona zvakare kuve nekudonha kunotonhorera uye kudzikira kwekumanikidza mumasilinda. Ipapo injini inomira paunenge uchityaira, uye wozotanga zvinonetsa. Iva nechokwadi chekutarisa inotonhorera level uye kumusoro kumusoro kana zvichidikanwa. Zvadaro zvishoma nezvishoma, kuti urege kuremedza magetsi emagetsi, enda kuchiteshi chebasa, uko nyanzvi dzichaongorora uye kubvisa kusashanda kwakamuka.
Izvo zvinoitikawo kuti injini yakanyatsodziya haina kutanga zvakanaka mushure mekumira kwenguva pfupi, inowanzonzi "inopisa". Chiitiko ichi chine tsananguro ine musoro. Munguva yekufamba, tembiricha yecarburetor yakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura mota, sezvo mhepo ine simba inoyerera inopfuura nepakati pekutanga uye inotonhorera. Mushure mekudzima moto, injini inodzima zvakanyanya kupisa kwayo kune carburetor, izvo zvinoita kuti peturu ibike uye kubuda. Mhedzisiro ndeye musanganiswa wakafumiswa, pamwe kunyangwe kuumbwa kwehuputi hwekuvhara.
Kufashaira uye kubuda kwepeturu
Paunovhura throttle, musanganiswa unowanzoitika. Nokudaro, kutanga injini "inopisa" yakasiyana zvakasiyana, munyaya iyi unogona kutsika gasi pedal pasi. Mushure mekunge injini yauya mumamiriro ekushanda, ita mamwe mashoma egasi kupfuura, saka iwe unojairisa musanganiswa unopisa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, izvi zvinonyanya kunetsa chigadzirwa chemumba auto indasitiri, kutanga kwakadai kunogona kusapa mhedzisiro. Iva nechokwadi chekutarisa pombi yemafuta uye, kana zvichidiwa, manikidzira kutonhora, somuenzaniso, nekudurura mvura pairi. Zvakabatsira here? Iva nechokwadi chekutsiva pombi yepeturu neitsva nekukurumidza.
Turnovers float kana knock inonzwika - tiri kutsvaga dambudziko
Kana injini ikatanga zvakanaka, asi kumhanya kunoyangarara painjini yakapisa, saka kazhinji pane kubuda kwemhepo papombi yemhepo kana kuti inotonhorera inozadzwa nemhepo. Kazhinji, dambudziko iri rinoitika mumotokari dzine jekiseni remagetsi. Muchiitiko ichi, maitiro ose anoenderera mberi anotungamirirwa nekombiyuta, kusanganisira kuverenga kwehuwandu hunodiwa hwemhepo. Asi kuwandisa kwayo kunotungamirira mukusawirirana kwepurogiramu, uye somugumisiro, mabhii anoyangarara - zvino anowira ku800, zvino anosimuka zvakanyanya kusvika 1200 rpm.
Kuti tigadzirise dambudziko, tinosimbisa crankshaft rotation gadziriso screw. Kana zvikasabatsira, saka tiri kuyedza kuona nzvimbo yekudonha kwemhepo uye kugadzirisa dambudziko. Izvo zvinogoneka kuti iwe uchafanirwa kubvisa iyo air duct iri pamberi peiyo throttle. Iwe uchawana buri diki mupombi (inenge 1 cm mudhayamita), vhara nemunwe wako. Turnovers haichayangarara? Zvadaro chenesa gomba iri nemudziyo wakakosha. Inokodzera aerosol yekuchenesa carburetors. Pfapfaidza kamwe uye pakarepo dzima injini. Zvadaro dzokorora maitiro uye, mushure mokurega injini ichizorora kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu, itange. Kana zvisingakwanisi kugadzirisa kushanda kwevhavha yemudziyo wekupisa, saka iwe unongofanira kuvhara gomba iri uye kuenda kuchiteshi chebasa.
Throttle cleaning
Chimwe chikonzero chemaitiro aya asina kugadzikana emotokari anogona kuve kusashanda kwechigadzirwa chekumanikidza kuwedzera mukumhanya kusingaite kwe crankshaft. Iwe unogona kuedza kugadzirisa chinhu chinodonha uri wega. Asi kazhinji chikamu ichi hachina kuparadzaniswa, uye mamiriro acho anogona kuponeswa chete nekutsiviwa kwakakwana. Iyo yekumhanyisa zvakare inoyangarara kana crankcase ventilation valve yakanamira. Kuti uichenese, iwe unofanirwa kuisa chinhu mune yakakosha mhinduro, wozoifuridza nemhepo. Kana pasina mhedzisiro, saka kutsiva hakugone kudziviswa.
Chii chekuita kana iyo yekumhanyisa inodonha pane inobudirira kudziyisa injini? Zvingangodaro, iwe unofanirwa kutsiva iyo yakawanda mhepo inoyerera sensor. Nekudaro, ichi handicho chega chinhu chinoita kuti kudzoka kuri kudonha. Iyo inotonhorera tembiricha sensor kana mudziyo une chekuita neiyo throttle chinzvimbo ungangove usina kurongeka. Kana kuti pamwe kuita kuri kudonha nekuda kwemakenduru akasviba zvakanyanya? Tarisa mamiriro avo, zvinogona kunge kuti traction yakakwana yakarasika painjini inodziya chaizvo nekuda kwavo. Hazvikuvadzi kutarisa pombi yemafuta. Inogona kusakudziridza kumanikidzwa kushanda kunodiwa. Ongorora nekukasira uye wotsiva chero nhengo dzakaremara.
Kutsiviwa kweakaremara auto parts
Chikonzero chekugogodza pane injini inodziya inogona kunge iri kushaya banal kwemafuta. Nekuda kwekutarisa uku, zvikamu zvinokweshana uye kuita ruzha rwehunhu. Wedzera lubricant, zvikasadaro kugogodza chikamu chidiki chekusagadzikana, kupfeka kusati kwasvika hakugone kudziviswa. Mushure mekuita uku, iva nechokwadi chekuteerera kumotokari yako. Kana kugogodza kuchiri kusingadzike, saka, kazhinji, nyaya yacho iri mu crankshaft bearings uye kutsiva kwavo ndiko kukurumidza. Manzwi ari kupera haana ngozi zvakadaro. Nekudaro, iwe uchiri kufanirwa kuongorora mota.
Zvino ngatitaure nezve dambudziko rekupedzisira rezvisikwa zveecology. Chii chekuita kana crankcase magasi akawedzera kumanikidza pane inodziya injini? Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanira kuteerera compression. Kana zvakarongeka, wobva wachenesa crankcase ventilation system, magasi anofanira kudzokera kune zvakajairika. Uye kana zvave zvekumanikidzana, gadzirira kanenge kutsiva zvindori.
