Coolant. Nguva yekuitsiva?

Kunze kweoiri yeinjini uye brake fluid, inotonhorera ndiyo yechitatu uye yakakosha mvura yekushandisa mumotokari yedu. Zvinosuruvarisa, kunyange zvazvo iine basa rinokosha zvikuru, mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva inowanzotarisirwa pasi uye kukanganwa.

Chaizvoizvo, chinotonhorera chiri mumotokari ndechei?

Basa rayo nderekuchengetedza kutonhora kwechikwata chemagetsi muhuwandu hwakakwana. Uye painosimuka, chinotonhodza chinotanga kuendesa simba rekupisa pakati peinjini neradiyeta painotonhora kuti ikwanise kudzima tembiricha muhurongwa zvakare. Rimwe basa rechipiri remvura ndeyekupisa mukati memotokari.

Ehe, dhiraivha inogona zvakare kunyoroveswa nemhepo - iyi ndiyo inonzi yakananga kutonhora (sezvazvaive, semuenzaniso, mune yakakurumbira Toddler), asi mhinduro iyi - kunyangwe yakachipa - ine zvakawanda zvipingamupinyi zvinomanikidza vazhinji vanogadzira kushandisa. a classic liquid cooling system (inonzi indirect cooling).

Coolant. Kupisa zvakanyanya, kutonhora zvakanyanya

Mamiriro ezvinhu ayo inotonhorera "inoshanda" haigoneki. Munguva yechando - minus tembiricha, kazhinji inosvika minus 20, minus 30 degrees C. Muzhizha, inopfuura 110 degrees C. Uye zvakaoma kutenda kuti pombi yakajairika yakashandiswa kutonhodza injini! Nhasi, nerombo rakanaka, tinogona kungoona mvura ichibuda kubva kune radiator pamafirimu ezvinyorwa.

Naizvozvo, iyo inotonhorera inofanira kunge ine yakaderera, kunyange -35, -40 madhigirii C echando uye yakakwirira yekuvira.

Iyo inotonhorera ine mvura, ethylene kana propylene glycol uye pasuru yekuwedzera. Basa re glycol nderokudzikisa nzvimbo yechando yemvura. Sezvo glycol iri caustic, zvinowedzera zvinosanganisira, pakati pevamwe. anti-corrosion additives (inonzi corrosion inhibitors), stabilizers, anti-foam additives, dhayi.

Ikozvino kune marudzi matatu e-anti-corrosion additives anoshandiswa mukutonhodza. Zvichienderana nemhando yekuwedzera, kune IAT, OAT kana HOAT zvinwiwa. Mugadziri wemotokari anotsanangura mugwaro remuridzi wemotokari kuti ndeupi rudzi rweanti-corrosion additive inofanira kushandiswa muinjini yakapihwa. 

IAT Fluid (Inorganic Additive Technology - inorganic additive tekinoroji) inowanzokurudzirwa kune injini dzine simbi yakakandwa block uye musoro wealuminium. Izvo zvikamu zvikuru zve anti-corrosion additives ndeye silicates uye nitrites, iyo inounganidza mukati megadziriro, kudzivirira kuora. Silicates inogadzikana nyore pazvikamu zvesimbi, uye kana zvirimo mumhinduro zvinowira pasi pe20%, inoisa fomu. Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvesilicate corrosion inhibitors ndezvekuti dzinokurumidza kupera, saka mvura yeIAT inoda kugara ichitsiviwa (kazhinji makore maviri ega ega). Kazhinji, mvura dzeIAT dzine ruvara rwegirinhi kana bhuruu. 

OAT (organic acid tekinoroji - tekinoroji yezvekuwedzera organic) - organic acids inoshandiswa pachinzvimbo chesilicates. Iyo inodzivirira anti-corrosion layer yakatetepa kamakumi maviri pane muIAT tekinoroji. Organic acids inopindirana neinotungamira solder inowanzoshandiswa mumaredhiya emotokari ekare, saka OAT inoshandiswa mumhando itsva dzemotokari dzine aluminium radiators. OAT mhando yefiriji zvakare ine zvirinani kupisa kupisa kupfuura IAT mhando yemvura uye yakawedzera kusimba, saka ndeyezvinwiwa zvine hupenyu hwesevhisi yakawedzerwa uye inowanzo kuve neruvara rweorenji, pink kana yepepuru. 

HOTI Fluid (Hybrid Organic Acid Technology - hybrid tekinoroji ye organic additives) ine anti-corrosion additives yakavakirwa pane silicates uye organic acids. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, tinogona kutaura kuti iwo ane mabhenefiti eIAT uye OAT zvinwiwa. Zvinwiwa izvi zvinoita semaIAT asi zvine hupenyu hwakareba uye zvinopa dziviriro iri nani kune zvikamu zvealuminium uye zvakare kudzivirira pombi yemvura kubva kugomba.

Zvinwiwa zveRadiator zvinotengeswa sechinhu chinonangana kuti chicheneswe muzvikamu zvakakodzera nemvura ine demineralized kana seyakagadzirira-kushandisa mhinduro. Iwo ekupedzisira ndiwo zvakare ari nyore kushandisa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. 

Nzira yekutarisa iyo inotonhorera nhanho?

Chero ani, kunyangwe mutyairi asina ruzivo, anogona kutarisa inotonhorera level. Zvisinei, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvinokosha zvekuchengeta mupfungwa. Chokutanga pane zvose, motokari inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo yakati sandara. Zvakakosha kuti injini yemotokari, uye naizvozvo mvura, itonhodzwe. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, hazvibviri zvachose kutarisa chiyero chemvura pakarepo mushure mokunge motokari yatanga kufamba uye kumira.

The optimum coolant level inofanira kuva pakati pemin. uye max. patangi.

Kunyanya kuderera kwehuwandu hwemvura kunogona kuratidza kubuda mumhepo yekutonhodza, uye yakanyanyisa mwero inogona kunge iri nekuda kwekuvapo kwemhepo muhurongwa. Muzviitiko zvese izvi, chikonzero cheiyo fluid level inogona zvakare kukuvadzwa kune cylinder head gasket.

Mushure mekusunungura chivharo - rangarira, zvisinei, chero mvura yatonhora - isu tinogona zvakare kuona kana ruvara rwemvura rwachinja uye kana paine chero tsvina mairi. Kuchinja kweruvara rwemvura kunogona kuratidza kuti oiri yeinjini iri kusanganiswa nayo.

Mvura inofanira kuchinjwa rini?

Inotonhorera zvishoma nezvishoma inorasikirwa nemidziyo yayo nekufamba kwenguva, zvisinei nekuti mota iri mugaraji kana munzira. Naizvozvo - zvichienderana nerudzi rwemvura - inofanira kuchinjwa yega yega 2, 3 kana yakakura makore mashanu. Ruzivo rwekuti ndeupi mvura inofanira kushandiswa mumotokari iyi uye mushure menguva ipi inofanira kuchinjwa inogona kuwanikwa mubhuku remuridzi wemotokari kana mubasa. Isu tinogona zvakare kuiwana pakurongedza kwemvura, asi chekutanga tinoda kuziva rudzi rwekushandisa.

Onawo: Mutero pakutenga motokari. Ndirini pandinofanira kubhadhara?

Kutsiva kunotonhorera kwakakosha kana uchitenga mota yakashandiswa. Iwe unofanirwawo kutsiva nekukurumidza brake fluid uye injini yemafuta pamwe chete neseti yemafirita.

Kusanganisa kunotonhorera

Kunyange zvazvo ethylene glycol based liquids inogona kusanganiswa nemumwe, tinofanira kungoshandisa mhinduro iyi mune imwe nguva apo tinenge tichingoda kuwedzera mvura munguva yekukurumidzira (mune emergency tinogonawo kuwedzera mvura yakachena kana kuti yakasvibiswa zviri nani). Uye sezvo isu tichitonhodzwa pachiteshi chegasi chegasi nhasi, hatifanirwe kushandisa mhinduro dzechimbichimbi. Inofanirawo kuyeukwa kuti mushure mekusanganiswa kwakadaro nguva dzose zvakanaka kudhonza yekare inotonhorera, kutsvaira sisitimu uye kuzadza imwe itsva inokurudzirwa injini yedu.

Onawo: Kuedza Skoda Kamiq - diki Skoda SUV