Turbine uye injini kutonhora mushure mekufamba kune simba - zvakakosha here?

Chengetedza turbine, uye ichakutendai nekushanda kwenguva refu pasina matambudziko. Asi pane miganhu? Uye sei chaizvo kutonhora turbine?

Kare, kuva ne turbocharger pasi pehood yaiva chikonzero chikuru chekuisa mamwe mabheji e "Turbo" anodada pamotokari uye kuwedzera zvinhu zvemitambo sezviparadzi uye mavhiri makuru. Nekudaro, nhasi izvi ndizvo zvakajairika uye zvakanyanya kuoma kutenga mota ine yakasikwa injini inoshuvira pane ine supercharged.

Tinogona kutaura kuti izvi zvinokanganisa mashandiro uye zvinounza chikamu chinodhura kugadzirisa, asi kune rumwe rutivi, nekuda kwekuwedzera, tine injini dzine simba dzinotyaira mota kubva kune yakaderera revs. Kunyaradza kwekushandisa injini yakadaro kwakakwira zvakanyanya, zvirinani mumotokari dzemazuva ese.

Kunyangwe isu tichizvida kana kusada, iyo turbocharger yakakodzera kutarisira. Kana usingazivi kuita izvi kana kuti uchida kuyeuka, ramba uchiverenga.

Turbine kushanda mamiriro

Nei turbine ichinyanya kunetseka? Nokuti inoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru. Inofambiswa nemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, ayo anomhanyisa rotor mukati meimba kusvika 200 rpm. patembiricha yemazana akati wandei madhigirii Celsius.

Kudziya kwakadai uye kumhanya kunoda kutonhora kwakaringana nekuzora, rinova basa remafuta einjini. Kana tikadzima injini inopisa kwazvo, saka tichacheka mafuta ekuzora kune turbine, uye zvakanyanya kumabhengi ayo akajeka uye mabhengi ekukanda, ayo achiri kushanda asina basa.

Effect? Tembiricha inokwira zvakanyanya, mafuta anopisa, anovhara nzira dzeoiri uye anobata mabearings.

Mune dzimwe motokari, kunyanya motokari dzemitambo, kudzivirirwa kubva pakuvhara kamwe kamwe kwejini inopisa inoshandiswa uye mushure mokuidzima, lubrication system inoramba ichishanda. Nekudaro, mota zhinji dzinogona kunge dzisina system yakadaro.

Nzira yekudzikisa sei injini?

Iyo turbine inofanira kutonhodzwa, kunyanya mushure mekutyaira kwakanyanya. Ndiko kuti, mushure mekufamba kwemitambo kana dhiraivha refu nekumhanya kwakanyanya, senge pafreeway. 

Mushure mokumira, zviri nani kumirira kanenge 90 masekondi injini iri idling, kuitira kuti turbine rotor ine nguva yekudzikisa uye mafuta anoshanda anoderedza kutonhora kwe compressor. Kana isu taityaira pfupi asi zvakanyanya, semuenzaniso, zvine simba muguta, nguva yekutonhora inogona kudzikiswa kusvika pamasekondi makumi matatu. 

Mutemo wakapfava uye wakasarudzika ndewekupaka, kusunungura mabhandi ako echigaro, tora zvese zvaunoda uye kudzima injini chete padanho rekupedzisira. Zvisinei, zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti paunoenda kunozadza mumugwagwa mukuru, unogona kumira pachiteshi chepeturu kwemasekonzi makumi mapfumbamwe - izvi zvinogona kuita sekusingaperi kana paine mutsara kumashure kwako.

Nguva yekutonhora ye turbine pakumira inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya.kana 1-2 km pamberi pekumira kwakarongwa, tinoderedza kukurumidza kusvika pakumhanya iyo injini ichashanda pamutoro wakaderera uye nekumhanya kwakaderera. 

Injini yekuchengetedza panjanji

Nyaya yakanyanyisa yekutyaira zvakanyanya, chokwadika, kutyaira munjanji. Zvakanakisa kupatsanura zvikamu kuita maminetsi gumi nemashanu nemota dzemumugwagwa dzaunoda kushandisa kuti udzoke kumba nemavhiri. kutyaira uye 15 min. zorora.

Paunenge uchironga nguva yako panjanji, ipfungwa yakanaka kuisa parutivi nguva yekutonhodza pamakumbo apo unenge uchitochengeta injini rpm yakaderera. Mushure mekunge tamira uye takatenderedzwa kuti titonhorere pasi, injini inofanira kumhanya kwemamwe maminetsi maviri. Pamazuva anodziya zvakanyanya, nguva iyi inofanira kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya. 

Nekudaro, ini ndichataura anecdote kubva kuPorsche kudzidziswa padunhu reSilesian. Ndakatyaira 911 GT3 muboka raisanganisirawo 911 GT3 RS, GT2 RS neTurbo S. Yaiva yepamusoro-soro yePorsche Driving Experience yaivapo muPoland panguva iyoyo, saka kufamba kwacho kwakanga kwakakwirira uye motokari dzakarohwa. zvakaoma. Mushure mekunge chikamu chapera uye ndakatyaira bvunzo pamakumbo echinhambwe chinodarika makiromita matatu, ndakanzwa paredhiyo: “Mira. Tirikusiya mota dzine turbocharged todzima maGT3s neGT3 RSs zvinogara zvichidiwa." Paiva nemakanika aigara achisevhisirwa motokari idzi, imwe neimwe yaiita mari inopfuura miriyoni, saka ndinofunga kuti vaiziva zvavaiita.

Kuwedzeredza kana kudikanwa?

Zvakakodzera kutungamirirwa nehungwaru uye kana uchienda kuchitoro kwe5 km, kutonhora turbine hakuzokuvadzi, asi izvi zvakanyanya kudzivirira. Zvakadaro, kana tikasakudziridza tsika iyi panzendo refu uye zvakanyanya kubata mota zvakanyanya, tinopinda munjodzi yekuzvipambadza.

Tichifunga kuti turbine rakagadzirirwa kushanda kwenguva yakaenzana 300 100 km, kudzima injini pasina hanya tembiricha kunogona kuderedza pfuma iyi kusvika 2,5 3,5. km. A turbine mune yakakurumbira injini inodhura anenge 335-2 zviuru. zlotys, uye semuenzaniso muBMW 6i uye 7-litre Volvo - kunyange 1-2 zviuru. zloty. Kuberekwa patsva kunowanzoita zviuru. zloty.

Zvakakoshawo kuyeuka kuti kunyange mugadziri angaratidza kuchinja kwemafuta kwe20 kana 30 zviuru. km, zvino kana tichida kuti motokari uye turbocharger itishumire kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira, zvakakosha kuderedza nguva iyi kuti isapfuura 15 zviuru. km.