Dhadha rine njodzi, apuro rine ropa uye hondo yekuvanzika. Hutongi hweGoogle mukutsvaga

Nguva yechando ya2020/21 yakaunza zviitiko zviviri zvikuru - chekutanga, kunetsana kweGoogle nevakuru veAustralia pakati pemirau yekubhadharisa vashambadziri vezve online link, uye chechipiri, chokwadi chekuti injini yekutsvaga DuckDuckGo (1) yakadarika chikumbaridzo zana remamiriyoni emazuva ese kutsvaga kweGoogle, ayo anonzi ndiwo makwikwi ane ngozi zvikuru.

Apa mumwe munhu anogona kupopota oratidza izvozvo Google achine 92 muzana yakawandisa. misika yekutsvaga injini (2). Zvisinei, ruzivo rwakawanda rwakasiyana, rwakaunganidzwa pamwe chete, runoratidza maitiro ehumambo uhwu, kana kunyange zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuderera kwayo. ABOUT Google inopomerwa mhosva yekukanganisa mibairo yekutsvaga, kuparara kwemhando yavo uye zvichiri zvisiri pamutemo, asi zvakajeka zvirevo neApple kuti ichagadzira yayo yekutsvaga injini inotyisidzira kumanikidza Google kubva muPhones uye humwe tekinoroji yeApple, takanyora mumagazini yekupedzisira yeMT.

2. Internet yekutsvaga chikamu chemusika

Kana Apple yakatenda Google nemasevhisi avo, kungave kurova kune simba kune anotonga, asi kwete kupera. Nekudaro, kana zvimwe zvikaitika, senge Microsoft inoshanda yekupa imwe nzira nenzira yeBing kune nyika dziri kurwisa Google, nhamba inowedzera ye "shanduko" kubva kuGoogle kuenda. DuckDuckGo, iyo ine maonero "akanaka se, uye mune dzimwe nzira kunyange zviri nani" yeinjini yekutsvaga uye nyaya dzepamutemo, kunyanya maitiro e-antitrust muUnited States, simba iri rinogona kushanduka risingazununguki kupfuura zvarinoita.

Upfumi hwemetaphysical systems

kwave kune dzimwe nzira dzakanaka dzakanaka kwemakore ikozvino. Takanyora pamusoro pavo mu "Young Technology" kanopfuura kamwe. Mumakore achangopfuura, kana nyaya yekuvanzika nekudzivirirwa kwayo yamuka, pave nekatsika kekutarisana nemakaro emaoligarchs, anonzi. Zvese izvi zvave imwe yemafungu makuru munetiweki, aya maturusi ekare uye akasiyana siyana ari kubuda ekudzivirira kupindwa muropa neGoogle ari kukurumidza uye anononoka kuwana simba.

Pamusoro peinjini dzinozivikanwa dzekutsvaga dzakadai seyambotaurwa DuckDuckGo, Bing uye Yahoo! tsvaga "meta", i.e. Kubatanidzwa kwemainjini akawanda ekutsvaga mune imwe. Mienzaniso ye "kuvanzika" metasearch injini dzinosanganisira iyo yeGerman MetaGer kana yakavhurika sosi mhinduro inonzi Searx. SwissCows inobva kuSwitzerland, iyo inosimbisa kuti "haisi kutevera vashandisi." MuFrance, injini yekutsvaga Qwant yakagadzirwa nekutarisa kwakafanana pakuvanzika. Danish-based Givero inopa kuvanzika kupfuura Google uye inosanganisa kutsvaga nezvipo zvekubatsira.

Iyo yakavakirwa pamusimboti wakasiyana zvishoma pane yakajairika injini dzekutsvaga. YaCy, iyo inonzi yakagoverwa yekutsvaga injini, yakavakirwa pamusimboti wepeer-to-peer (P2P) network. Inobva pane chirongwa chakanyorwa muJava.inomhanya pazviuru zvemakomputa, iyo inonzi YaCy vezera. YeCy-peer yega yega inotsvaga paInternet, inoongorora uye inonongedza mapeji akawanikwa, uye inochengeta mibairo ye indexing mudhatabhesi rakafanana (index) inogovaniswa nevamwe vashandisi veYaCy, sezviri P2P network. Pane maonero ekuti injini dzekutsvaga dzinobva pamasevhisi akaparadzirwa inguva chaiyo yeramangwana kune Google.

Iwo ari pamusoro apa akavanzika einjini ekutsvaga ari tekinoroji metasearch injini nekuti anowana mhedzisiro kubva kune dzimwe injini dzekutsvaga, semuenzaniso. Binga i Google. Masevhisi ekutsvaga Startpage, Search Encrypt uye Ghostpeek, anowanzo kutaurwa pakati pedzimwe nzira dzeGoogle, ari, senge asiri munhu wese anoziva, pfuma yekushambadzira kana makambani ekushambadza. Saizvozvo, iyo Tailcat browser, iyo ichangobva kuwanikwa nevaridzi veBrave browser uye ichapihwa padivi payo seimwe nzira yakachengetedzwa-yakachengetedzwa yekutsvaga Google.

Yakasarudzika murondedzero yedzimwe nzira dzeGoogle iBritish Mojeek, "chaiyo yekutsvaga injini" (kwete metasearch injini) inovimba neyayo webhusaiti index uye crawler, kureva robhoti rinotsvaga pawebhu uye rinoparura mapeji. Muna Kubvumbi 2020, huwandu hwemapeji akamisikidzwa neMojeek hwakapfuura mabhiriyoni matatu.

Isu hatiunganidze kana kugovera chero data - iyi ndiyo mutemo wedu

DuckDuckGo zvakare chikamu meta yekutsvaga injini inoshandisa Yahoo!, Bing uye Yandex muhuwandu hwayo hwemhedzisiro, pakati pevamwe. Zvisinei, inoshandisawo marobhoti uye zviwanikwa. Yakavakirwa pane yakavhurika sosi software (kusanganisira perl, FreeBSD, PostgreSQL, nginx, Memcached). Iyo "nyeredzi" pakati pedzimwe nzira dzeGoogle, sezvo isiri yeimwe yemhando huru dzehunyanzvi, uye yakaona kuwedzera kukuru kwenhamba yevashandisi mumakore achangopfuura. Muna 2020, kutsvaga kweDuckDuckGo kwakasvika 23,7 bhiriyoni, kusvika 62%. Makore ose.

Iyo bhurawuza inomanikidza HTTPS, inovhara zvinyorwa zvekutevera, inoratidza zvakavanzika zvewebhusaiti mamaki, uye inobvumira. kudzima data rese rakagadzirwa muchikamu. Haichengete zvambotsvaga saka haipe zvauri kutsvaga. Paunenge uchitsvaga, haizive kuti mushandisi ndiani, kana chete nekuti hapana maakaundi emushandisi. Makero avo eIP haana zvakare kunyorwa. Gabriel Weinberg, mugadziri weDuckDuckGo, muchidimbu anoti: "Nekusagadzikana, DuckDuckGo haitore kana kugovera ruzivo rwemunhu. Uyu ndiwo mutemo wedu wekuvanzika muchidimbu."

Kana mushandisi akadzvanya pane chinongedzo mune zvabuda DuckDuckGomapeji aunoshanyira haazooni mazwi aakashandisa. Mushandisi wega wega anowana mibairo yakafanana yeakaiswa makiyi kana mitsara. DuckDuckGo inowedzera kuti yakanangwa kune avo vanosarudza mhando yekutsvaga pane huwandu. Zvese izvi zvinoita senge anti-google.

Weinberg akasimbisa mubvunzurudzo dzakawanda kuti akavandudza hutano hwemigumisiro yekutsvaga injini nekubvisa mitsva yekutsvaga inotungamirira kune mapeji aanotenda kuti "mapurazi" e "low quality" zvinyorwa "zvakanyanya zvakagadzirirwa kukwidza kumusoro mukutsvaga index" Google.

DuckDuckGo zvakare inobvisa mapeji ane akawanda ads. Nekudaro, chingave chikanganiso kutaura kuti hapana ads mune ino yekutsvaga injini. Vanobuda nekuda kwezvibvumirano neBig, Yahoo! uye Amazon. Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi zviziviso zvinoenderana nekutsvaga kwevashandisi uye kunanga, sezvakaita Google, asi izvo zvinodaidzwa kushambadza kwemukati, i.e. izvo zvirimo zvine chekuita nemhando yezvinyorwa izvo mushandisi ari kutsvaga.

DuckDuckGo yanga ichipa kutsvaga kwemepu mune yayo yekutsvaga sevhisi kwechinguva ikozvino. Aya haasi mamepu ake - anotorwa kubva panzvimbo Apple Maps. Kudyidzana kwaWeinberg neApple kunogona kunge kusiri chinhu chikuru, asi zvinoita kuti munhu azvishamise kana chiri chechimwe chinhu chekutarisira mune ramangwana, nemugadziri we iPhone, sekufungidzira kwakawanda kunoratidza, kuvaka injini yekutsvaga (3) iyo inofanirwa. kutarisana neGoogle. Uye ichi, kana chave chokwadi, chinogona kunge chiri chirongwa icho Google inofanirwa kungwarira.

3. Hypothetical Apple Search Engine - Visualization

Iyo yakakomba Financial Times yakanyora nezvechinangwa cheApple chekuita izvi mukudonha kwa2020. Maererano nemamwe mishumo yenhau, Google inofanirwa kubhadhara makambani ane apuro pane iyo logo kunyange akati wandei mabhiriyoni emadhora pagore nekuda kwekuti injini yayo yekutsvaga inopihwa nekusarudzika paIOS. Izvi zvekutengeserana uye maitiro zvaive zvakanangwa kuferefeta antitrust muUS, asi hazvisi mari chete uye nyaya dzemutemo. Apple yanga ichiyedza kutonga kwakazara pamusoro peiyo ecosystem kwemakore. Uye zvinoenderana zvishoma uye zvishoma pane masevhisi anopihwa nevekunze masangano. Iko kukakavara kwave kuchinyanya kuve kwakakurumbira paApple-Facebook mutsara, asi kwave kune zvakare kunetsana neGoogle.

Apple yakashanda makore maviri apfuura John Giannoandrea, aimbova mukuru wekutsvaga paGoogle uye achihaya pachena mainjiniya ekutsvaga. Boka rinoumbwa kuti rishande pa "search engine". Chii zvakare, mawebhusaiti anoyambirwa nezve webhusaiti chiitiko naApplebot, Apple inokambaira inokambaira pawebhu ichitsvaga mawebhusaiti matsva uye zvirimo kuti indexed.

Iine mari yemusika inodarika madhora maviri emadhora uye ingangoita mabhiriyoni mazana maviri emadhora pairi, Apple mupikisi wakakodzera weGoogle. Pachiyero ichi, mari inobhadharwa neGoogle kuti ape injini yake yekutsvaga kune vashandisi veApple mudziyo haina kukosha zvakadaro. Sezvaunoziva, kunyangwe mushure mekupokana kwakanyanya neFacebook, Apple iri kutarisa nezve kuvanzika uye ichashandisa huzivi hweDuckDuckGo, kwete Google, munzira yayo kune yekufungidzira yekutsvaga injini (hazvizivikanwe kana iyo Weinberg nzira ichatora chikamu mune izvi. apple project). Kune mugadziri weMac, hazvizove zvakaoma nekuti, kusiyana neGoogle, hazvinei nemari yekushambadzira inoshandisa iyo yega data yevashandisi vanotevedzwa.

Nyanzvi dzinongoshamisika Inogona Apple yekutsvaga injini ichaganhurirwa kune ecosystem yekambani kana kuve nyore kuwanikwa kuInternet yese seimwe nzira chaiyo yeGoogle. Ehe, kurambidzwa chaiko paIOS uye macOS kucharwadza kuGoogle, asi kusvika pamusika wakakura kungave kurova kwerufu kuGoogle. anotonga.

Google bhizinesi modhi inotenderera nekuunganidza data uye kuratidza kushambadza kwakavakirwa pairi. Idzi mbiri mbiru dzebhizinesi dzakanyanya kuenderana nekupindirwa kwehasha kwekuvanzika kwevashandisi. Yakawanda data inoreva zvirinani (zvakanangwa) ads uye nekudaro yakawanda mari yeGoogle. Muna 146, mari yekushambadzira yaive pamusoro pemadhora zana nemakumi mana emadhora muna 2020. Uye iyi data inofanirwa kutariswa seyakanakisa chiratidzo chekutonga kweGoogle. Kana ma ad ratings akamira kukwira (uye anga achikwira zvishoma nekufamba kwemakore), zvinoreva kuti bato rinopikisa rinobudirira nekuti huwandu hwe data hunotorwa neGoogle kubva huri kudzikira. Kana kukura kuchienderera mberi, zvino maonero e "kuguma kweGoogle" anowedzera zvakanyanya.