Tsananguro uye mashandiro eiyo inoshanda yekuchengetedza system yemotokari

Nehurombo, kunyangwe mutyairi akarurama uye ane ruzivo haana inishuwarenzi panjodzi yekupinda mutsaona. Vachiziva izvi, vagadziri vemotokari vari kuyedza kuita nepavanogona napo kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwemutyairi nevanofamba naye panguva yerwendo. Imwe yematanho anovavarira kudzikisa huwandu hwetsaona kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo yechizvino inoshanda yekuchengetedza mota, iyo inoderedza njodzi yetsaona.

Chii chinonzi kuchengetedza

Kwenguva yakareba, nzira chete dzekudzivirira mutyairi nevanofamba mumotokari dzaingova mabhandi echigaro. Nekudaro, neyakafambiswa sumo yemagetsi uye otomatiki mukugadzirwa kwemotokari, mamiriro acho achinja zvakanyanya. Iye zvino mota dzakashongedzwa nemhando dzakasiyana siyana, dzinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka makuru maviri:

• kushingaira (chinangwa chekubvisa njodzi yekukurumidzira);
• passive (ane basa rekudzora kukomba kwemhedzisiro yenjodzi).

Iyo peculiarity yekushanda chengetedzo masystem ndeyekuti ivo vanokwanisa kuita zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye kuita sarudzo kunoenderana nekuongororwa kwemamiriro uye chaiwo mamiriro ari mota iri kufamba.

Huwandu hweanogona kuita anoshanda ekuchengetedza mabasa anoenderana nemugadziri, zvishandiso uye nehunyanzvi hunhu hwemota.

Mabasa ehurongwa anotarisira kuchengetedzeka

Masisitimu ese akaverengerwa mukuoma kweanoshanda ekuchengetedza macomputer anoita akawanda mabasa akajairika:

• kuderedza njodzi yetsaona dzemumigwagwa;
• chengetedza kutonga kwemotokari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kana ekukurumidzira;
• chengetedza chengetedzo paunenge uchityaira zvese mutyairi nevakakwira.

Nekudzoresa kudzora kwekutungamira kwemotokari, kuomarara kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzinobvumidza iwe kuti uchengetedze kufamba munzira inodiwa, ichipa kuramba kumasimba anogona kukonzera skid kana kupidigura mota.

Main system zvishandiso

Mota dzemazuva ano dzakashongedzwa nenzira dzakasiyana dzinoenderana nekushomeka kwekuchengetedza. Midziyo iyi inogona kugoverwa mumhando dzinoverengeka:

• zvishandiso zvinofambidzana neiyo braking system;
• madhiraivho ekudzivirira;
• michina yekudzivirira injini;
• zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

Pakazara, pane akati wandei gumi nemaviri mashandiro uye nzira dzekuvimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwemutyairi nevakakwira. Iyo yakakosha uye inonyanya kudiwa masisitimu pakati pavo ndeaya:

• anti-ichivharira;
• anti-kutsvedza;
• emergency braking;
• mwero wekutsinhana kugadzikana;
• zvemagetsi differential zvechizarira;
• Kugovera kwema braking mauto;
• kuona vafambi.

ABS

ABS chikamu cheiyo braking system uye ikozvino yawanikwa mune dzese mota. Basa hombe rechishandiso kusabvisa kumisidzana kwakazara kwemavhiri panguva yekumira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mota haizorasikirwa nekugadzikana uye kudzora.

Iyo ABS control unit inoongorora kumhanya kwekutenderera kwega vhiri uchishandisa maseru. Kana imwe yadzo ikatanga kudzikira nekukurumidza kupfuura zvakajairwa tsika, sisitimu inodzora kumanikidza mumutsara wayo, uye kuvhara kunodzivirirwa.

Iyo ABS system inogara ichishanda otomatiki, pasina mutyairi kupindira.

ASR

ASR (aka ASC, A-TRAC, TDS, DSA, ETC) ine basa rekubvisa kutsvedza kwemavhiri ekutyaira uye inodzivirira kutsvedza kwemotokari. Kana zvichidikanwa, mutyairi anogona kuidzima. Kubva paABS, iyo ASR inowedzera inodzora iyo yemagetsi kusiyanisa kukiya uye mamwe enjini parameter. Ane nzira dzakasiyana dzekuita pakakwirira uye pasi pakumhanya.

kunyanya

ESP (Vehicle Stability Program) inoona nezve hunhu hunofungidzirwa hwemota uye kuchengetedzwa kweiyo vector yekufamba mune zviitiko zvisina kujairika. Aya mazita anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemugadziri:

• ENG;
• DSC;
• ESC;
• VSA, nezvimwe.

ESP inosanganisira yese seti yemaitiro anokwanisa kuongorora hunhu hwemota mumugwagwa uye kuita kune anomuka kutsauka kubva kumatanho akaiswa seyakajairwa. Iyo sisitimu inogona kugadzirisa iyo inoshanda mode yeiyo gearbox, injini, mabhureki.

pasi pasi

Iyo emergency braking system (yakapfupikiswa seBAS, EBA, BA, AFU) inoona nezvekushandisa mabhureki muchiitiko chemamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi. Inogona kushanda pamwe kana isina ABS. Muchiitiko chekutsimbirira kwakapinza pabhureki, BAS inogonesa iyo yemagetsi inogadzira yeiyo booster tsvimbo. Kuimanikidza, iyo sisitimu inopa kwakanyanya kuyedza uye brake inoshanda kwazvo.

EBD

Brake simba rekuparadzira (EBD kana EBV) haisi yakasarudzika system, asi rimwe basa rinowedzera kugona kweABS. EBD inodzivirira mota kubva kungangoita kukiya vhiri pane yekumashure axle.

EDS

Iyo yemagetsi kusiyanisa kukiya kunoenderana neABS. Iyo sisitimu inodzivirira kutsvedza uye inowedzera kugona kwemotokari kuyambuka-nyika nekugovesa torque kumavhiri ekutyaira. Nekuongorora kumhanya kwekutenderera kwavo vachishandisa maseru, EDS inogonesa mabhureki kana rimwe remavhiri riri kutenderera nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe.

PDS

Nekutarisa nzvimbo iri pamberi pemotokari, iyo Pedestrian Collision Prevention System (PDS) inozvipwanya yega mota. Mamiriro ezvinhu emigwagwa anoongororwa uchishandisa makamera uye radar. Iyo BAS michina inoshandiswa kune zvakanyanya kugona. Nekudaro, ino sisitimu haisati yanyatsogadziriswa nevose vagadziri vemotokari.

Mubatsiri zvigadzirwa

Kuwedzera kune akakosha mashandiro ekushanda kwakachengeteka, mota dzazvino dzinogona zvakare kuve neanobatsira madhiraini (vabatsiri):

• kwese-kutenderera kuoneka system (inobvumira mutyairi kudzora nzvimbo "dzakafa");
• rubatsiro kana uchidzika kana kukwira (unodzora kumhanya kunodiwa pazvikamu zvakaoma zvemugwagwa);
• chiratidzo chehusiku (chinobatsira kuona vafambi kana zvipingaidzo munzira husiku);
• kudzora kwekuneta kwemutyairi (inopa chiratidzo nezve kudiwa kwekuzorora, uchiona zviratidzo zvekuneta kwemutyairi);
• otomatiki kuzivikanwa kwemasaini emigwagwa (inoyambira mutyairi nezvenharaunda yekuita kwezvimwe zvinorambidzwa);
• adaptive cruise control (inobvumira mota kuchengetedza yakapihwa kumhanya pasina rubatsiro rwekutyaira);
• Lane shandura rubatsiro (inozivisa nezve kuitika kwezvipingamupinyi kana zvipingaidzo zvinokanganisa shanduko yemugwagwa).

Motokari dzazvino uno dziri kuramba dzichichengeteka zvakanyanya kune vatyairi nevafambi. Vagadziri uye mainjiniya vanotaura zvitsva, basa rakakura nderekubatsira mutyairi mumamiriro ezvinhu ekurumidzira. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti urangarire kuti kuchengetedzwa kwemugwagwa kunoenderana, chekutanga, kwete pane otomatiki, asi pakuteerera uye kunyatsoita mutyairi. Kushandisa bhanhire rekudzivirira uye kutevedzera nemirau yemigwagwa inoenderera kuve yakakosha pakuchengeteka.