Chiitiko mukushandiswa kwemahelicopter muATO
Ongororo yemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika aripo iye zvino ezvematongerwo enyika anopa chikonzero chekugumisa kuti kutyisidzira kwehondo, kungave kuri muhondo kana kurwisana nezvombo, zvichikonzera hutsinye hwakajeka, hwese kuUkraine uye kune dzimwe nyika, hwakakodzera. date, sezvinoratidzwa nechisimba chakavanzika cheRussian Federation kumabvazuva kweUkraine. Chiitiko chekurwisana nezvombo mumakore achangopfuura chinoratidzawo kuti muhondo imwe neimwe yemunharaunda uye kurwisana kunosanganisira mauto, kubhururuka kwemauto epasi kwakabatanidzwa. Pane chimiro chisingarambiki chekuwedzera kwebasa rayo mumabasa ehondo, izvo zvinokanganisa maitiro ekurwisa kushandiswa kwemasimba epasi mukukonana uku.
Tichifunga nezvenyaya iyi munhoroondo, mushure meHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, Mauto Endege Endege (AAF) yakaratidza pachena kupinda kwavo muhondo dzemuno, kutanga neHondo yeKorea (1950-53). Mumakore akatevera, akaita basa rakawedzera kukosha muHondo yeVietnam (1959-1973), kurwisana kweIsrael-Arab muMiddle East muna 1967 na1973. uye muhondo muAfghanistan (1979-1989). Vakateverwa nePersian Gulf War (1990-1991), umo vanopfuura 1600 coalition helicopters vakatora chikamu mukurwisana neIraq, hondo yeChechnya (1999-2000), hondo muAfghanistan (kubvira 2001) neIraq. (kubvira 2003).b.). Vese vakaratidza kuwedzera kwakasimba mukukosha kweLVL, uye kunyanya helikopta, uye kushandiswa kwayo kwete chete kutakura vanhu uye midziyo, asiwo munenge yakazara yakazara yakazara mishoni dzehondo dzinofanirwa kugadziriswa (rutsigiro rwemoto rwekurwa kwehunyanzvi. mapoka, kusarongeka kwemurairo wemuvengi uye hurongwa hwekutonga, kucherechedzwa, kutenderera mumigwagwa).
LWL muATO
Nehurombo, hondo nemakakatanwa zvichiri kuenderera mberi, uyezve moto wekurwa kwepfuti uri kupfuta kunenge pakati peEurope - muUkraine. The Air Force of the Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine yakatora chikamu mukurwisana nemagandanga (Ukrainian Anti-terrorist operation, ATO) kubva pamazuva ayo okutanga, kureva muchirimo che 2014. Panguva yekutanga yekushanda, yayo mabasa aive akanyanya kuita ongororo pamuganhu wenyika uye kutakura vanhu nezvinhu. Gare gare, mushure mekuchinja kwekupokana kuita chikamu chepfuti, mabasa mazhinji akatanga kuve ehondo: kuburitsa vakakuvara nevanorwara, kutsigirwa nemhepo kumauto epasi, kurwisa vavengi nemidziyo, kutamiswa kwemauto akasarudzika. mapoka, ndege dzinomhara, nezvimwewo.
Padanho rekutanga rehondo, nekuda kwekupikiswa kusina simba kubva kumuvengi, mabasa akaitwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira dze50-300 m, pasina anti-ndege uye anti-missile maneuvers. Kunyangwe hazvo vazhinji vevashandi veherikoputa vaive neruzivo rwekurwa muhondo muAfghanistan uye hondo dzemuno nekuchengetedza runyararo mune dzimwe nyika, nekufamba kwenguva vakaratidza kusashanda munzvimbo itsva. MunaKurume-Kubvumbi 2014, hunyanzvi hwakawanikwa pahuchibhururuka mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye hunyanzvi hwakawanikwa panguva yekubatanidzwa mumabasa ekuchengetedza runyararo hwakanga hwakakwana kuita zvinobudirira mabasa akapihwa nehushoma hushoma hwekushanda, uye mumamiriro ezvinhu akatevera mamiriro acho akatanga kuvandudza. zvakaoma.
Nokufamba kwenguva, murairo weATO wakatanga kuseta rash, uye zvishoma zvisingagoneke nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehunyanzvi, mabasa, mabasa akange asingaenderane nekugona kweiyo helikopta yaive nevashandi vekubhururuka, uye zvikanganiso zvakaitwawo pakuronga nguva yekupedzisa. basa racho. pakuisa mabasa aisanganisira kurasikirwa kwevanhu nemidziyo. Kuvhunduka kwakava kupfura kwekutanga muherikoputa dzichidzoka kubva kumishoni, kana kuparadzwa - zvisinei, pasi - kwekutanga Mi-8 helikopta, asi hapana wevatyairi vakafungidzira kuti hondo yakanga yava kuda kutanga. Mupfungwa dzavo, izvi zvakatanga muna Chivabvu 2, 2014, apo Mi-24 helicopters yakapfurwa uye vashandi vaviri vakafa pakarepo, uye Mi-8 helicopter, iyo yakamhara pedyo nenzvimbo yavakawira, iine basa rekubvisa vakasara. vashandi pamwe nemitumbi yevakafa, yakawanikwa pasi pemoto wedutu. Mukuru weboka rekutsvaga nekununura akakuvadzwa muhondo. Zvisinei, tsika yevashandi vendege yakanga iri kure nekudonha, uye, pasinei nekushanduka kwakanyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu, haana kurega kuita mabasa ake. Vose murairo nevashandi vakanzwisisa kuti muvengi akanga akanyatsogadzirira, anoshandisa zvombo nounyanzvi uye ane zvombo zvichangoburwa.
Pakupera kwechirimo cha2014, zvaive zvatove zvichigoneka kugadzira zvirevo pamusoro peiyo chaiyo yekukonana kumabvazuva kweUkraine: kusavapo kwemutsetse wakanyatsotsanangurwa wekusangana, kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda nemagandanga sevhavha, kufamba kwe muvengi munzvimbo yese yeruvengo, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzinodzorwa, pasina zvipingamupinyi kubva kumauto ekuchengetedza, pamwe neruvengo rukuru rwevagari vemo vakananga kuUkraine uye mauto akavimbika kuhurumende muKyiv (kuparadzaniswa). Nekuda kwerutsigiro rweRussian Federation, mapoka asiri pamutemo ane zvombo akatanga kuoneka, kusanganisira ayo aive nemidziyo yekudzivirira mhepo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, huwandu hweherikoputa dzakapfurwa uye dzakakuvadzwa neMANPADS uye diki-caliber artillery yemuvengi yakatanga kuwedzera.
Kuumbwa kwezvombo zvekurwisa ndege mudunhu reATO kunosanganisira zvombo zvenguva pfupi-pfupi uye zvenguva pfupi zvakangobva kupinda mubasa neArmed Forces yeRussian Federation. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, zvinodikanwa, kunyanya, kutsiva iyo 9K333 Wierba inotakurika kits ine tri-band infrared homing head (ultraviolet, padhuze nepakati infrared), ayo anosiyaniswa nekunzwa kukuru uye huwandu hwekuona uye kubata kwezvinangwa. uye hazvigoneki kukanganiswa (otomatiki kusarudzwa kutarisana nekumashure kwekuvhiringidza), kana kuzvifambisa, artillery -96K6 Pantsir-S1 anti-ndege missile masisitimu. Iyo yekupedzisira ine: matatu-inoronga tarisiro yekuona radar ine semi-inoshanda phased array antenna; maviri-coordinate (millimeter-centimeter range) radar chiteshi chekutevera uye kutarisisa, iyo inobvumira kushandiswa kuchinjika kwega rega rega renji rekushandisa; optical-electronic channels yekutevera zvinangwa uye zvombo zvinokandwa zvinoshanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana; Iyo zvakare inopikisa zvakanyanya kune chero rudzi rwekukanganisa nekuda kwekubatanidzwa mune imwe system ye radar uye optoelectronic sensors inoshanda mumhando dzinotevera: decimeter, centimita, millimeter uye infrared.
