Leclerc huru yehondo tank
Leclerc huru yehondo tank
Iyo Leclerc tangi maererano nehukuru hwayo hwekurwisa zvivakwa (firepower, kufamba uye kuchengetedza zvombo) yakanyanya kukwirira kune iyo AMX-30V2 tank. Iyo inoratidzirwa nehupamhi hwekuzara nemagetsi, iyo mari inosvika inenge hafu yemutengo wetangi pachayo. Iyo Leclerc tangi inogadzirwa zvinoenderana neyakajairwa dhizaini nechombo chikuru mune inotenderera armored turret, iyo yekudzora compartment pamberi pehull, uye injini-yekufambisa mukamuri kumashure kwemotokari. Mu turret kuruboshwe rwepfuti ndiyo nzvimbo yemukuru wetangi, kurudyi kune pfuti, uye inotakura otomatiki inoiswa mu niche.
Iyo yekumberi uye yeparutivi zvikamu zvehull uye turret yeLeclerc tank inogadzirwa neakawanda-akaiswa nhumbi dzokurwa nekushandiswa kwemagaskets akagadzirwa neceramic zvinhu. Pamberi pehull, modular dhizaini yekudzivirira kwezvombo inoiswa zvishoma. Iine mabhenefiti maviri makuru pamusoro peyakajairwa vhezheni: chekutanga, kana imwe kana akawanda mamodule akakuvadzwa, anogona kuchinjwa nyore nyore kunyange mumunda, uye chechipiri, mune ramangwana zvinogoneka kuisa ma module akagadzirwa ezvombo zvinobudirira. Kunyanya kutariswa kwakabhadharwa pakusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwedenga reshongwe, kunyanya kubva pakuvimbisa zvombo zvekurwisa tank izvo zvakarova tangi kubva kumusoro. Mativi ehull akafukidzwa ne-anti-cumulative armor screens, uye mabhokisi esimbi akasungirirwawo kumberi chikamu, ayo ari ekuwedzera spaced armor.
Tangi "Leclerc" yakashongedzerwa nehurongwa hwekudzivirira kubva kune zvombo zvekuparadza kukuru. Munyaya yekukunda nzvimbo dzakasvibiswa munzvimbo yekurwa nerubatsiro rwesefa-ventilation unit, kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya kunogadzirwa kuitira kudzivirira guruva reradioactive kana zvinhu zvine chepfu kupinda mumhepo yakanatswa. Kupona kwetangi reLeclerc kunowedzerwawo nekudzikisira silhouette yayo, kuvapo kweiyo otomatiki yakakwirira-yekumhanya yekudzima moto munhandare yekurwisa uye injini-yekutapurirana uye magetsi (panzvimbo yehydraulic) madhiraivha ekunangisa pfuti, pamwe ne kuderera kwechiratidzo chemaziso nekuda kwehutsi hushoma kana injini iri kushanda. Kana zvichidikanwa, chidzitiro cheutsi chinogona kuiswa nekupfura magirinedhi eutsi ari chinhambwe chinosvika 55 m muchikamu chemberi kusvika ku120 °.
Tangi ine yambiro (alarm) system nezve irradiation nelaser beam kuitira kuti vashandi vagone kuita basa rinodiwa remotokari kudzivirira kurohwa neanotungamirwa anti-tank chombo. Zvakare, tangi ine kufamba kwakaringana munzvimbo dzakashata. Iyo UAE yakaraira matangi eLeclerc ane injini yakagadzirwa neGerman uye boka rekutumira, iro rinosanganisira 1500-horsepower MTU 883-series injini uye otomatiki kutapurirana kubva kuRenk. Tichifunga nezvekushanda mumamiriro erenje, matangi akashongedzerwa neair-conditioning system yekamuri yekurwira. Matangi mashanu ekutanga kubva kuUAE akatevedzana akagadzirira muna Kukadzi 1995. Vaviri vavo vakaunzwa kumutengi nendege mundege yeRussia An-124 yekutakura, uye vamwe vatatu vakapinda muchikoro chezvombo muSaumur.
Pamusoro peUAE, matangi eLeclerc akapihwawo kune vamwe vatengi kuMiddle East. Mumusika uyu, mafemu eFrance anogadzira zvombo anga achishanda zvinobudirira kwemakore mazhinji. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Qatar neSaudi Arabia vakafarira maLeclercs, uko shanduko dzakasiyana dzeAmerican M60 matangi uye French AMX-30 dziri kushanda parizvino.
Maitiro ekuita kweiyo huru yehondo tank "Leclerc"
Chero nguva yezuva, mutungamiriri wetangi anoshandisa iyo H1-15 panoramic periscope yekuona yakaiswa padenga re turret kuruboshwe rwepfuti. Iyo ine chiteshi chemasikati chekuona uye yehusiku imwe (ine yechitatu chizvarwa mufananidzo intensifier). Mukuru wacho anewo chiratidziro chinoratidza mufananidzo weterevhizheni kubva pakuona kwemupfuti. Mubhokisi remutungamiriri, kune magirazi masere akatenderedza perimeter, achipa maonero-kutenderera kwenzvimbo.
Mutungamiriri wetangi uye pfuti ane ese anodiwa ekutonga (mapanera, mabato, maconsoles). Tangi yeLeclerc inoratidzwa nekuvapo kwenhamba yakawanda yemagetsi nzira, kunyanya dijitari komputa michina (microprocessors), iyo inodzora mashandiro eese makuru masisitimu nemidziyo yetangi. Izvi zvinotevera zvakabatana kuburikidza nepakati multiplex data bhazi: dhijitari yemagetsi ballistic komputa yemoto control system (yakabatana kune ese ma sensors emamiriro ekupfurwa, maratidziro uye mapfumo ekudzora emukuru uye pfuti consoles), microprocessors yemukuru uye yepfuti. zvinoonekwa, pfuti uye coaxial muchina pfuti-otomatiki loader, injini uye kutapurirana, mutyairi control panel.
Hondo huru yeLeclerc tank ndiyo SM-120-120 26-mm smoothbore pfuti ine dhiramu kureba kwe52 calibers (yepfuti dzeM1A1 Abrams uye Leopard-2 matangi ane 44 calibers). Iyo dhiramu yakashongedzerwa nechivharo chinodzivirira kupisa. Kupfura kunobudirira paunenge uchifamba, pfuti inodzikamiswa mundege mbiri dzinotungamira. Kutakura zvombo kunosanganisira mapfuti ane pfuti-inoboora makanda ane minhenga ane pallet inobviswa uye HEAT shells. Kuboora kwezvombo pakati pekutanga (kureba kusvika kudhayamita reshiyo 20:1) ine yekutanga kumhanya ye1750 m/s. Parizvino, nyanzvi dzeFrance dziri kugadzira 120-mm yezvombo-inoboora feather projectile ine yakapera uranium musimboti uye yakakwirira-inoputika kupatsanurwa projectile yekurwisa kurwisa zvikopokopo. Chinhu chetangi reLeclerc kuvepo kweautoloader, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kudzikisa vashandi kusvika kuvanhu vatatu. Yakagadzirwa naCreusot-Loire uye yakaiswa mune niche yeshongwe. Raka yezvombo inogadzirwa nemichina inosanganisira pfuti makumi maviri nembiri, uye gumi nemasere asara ari mudhiramu-mhando yezvombo rack kurudyi rwomutyairi. Iyo otomatiki loader inopa hunoshanda mwero wemoto wegumi nembiri kutenderera paminiti kana uchipfura zvese kubva pakamira uye pakufamba.
Kana zvichidikanwa, kutakura kwepfuti kunopihwawo. Nyanzvi dzeAmerica dziri kufunga nezve mukana wekushandisa iyi otomatiki yekurodha pamatangi eAbrams ezvese zvakagadziridzwa mushure mechikamu chechitatu chekuvandudza kwavo. Sezvombo zvekubatsira patangi reLeclerc, 12,7-mm muchina pfuti coaxial ine cannon uye 7,62-mm anti-ndege muchina pfuti yakaiswa kuseri kwehatch yepfuti uye inodzorwa kure inoshandiswa. Zvombo, zvichiteerana, 800 uye 2000 kutenderera. Pamativi ekumusoro aft chikamu cheshongwe, magirinedhi anovhurwa akaiswa mune akakosha mafenzi ezvombo (magirinedhi mana eutsi kudivi rega rega, matatu anorwisa-vashandi uye maviri ekugadzira infrared misungo). Iyo yekudzora moto system inosanganisira kuona kwemupfuti uye tangi nekudzikamisa kwakazvimirira kweminda yavo yekuona mundege mbiri uye ine yakavakirwa-mukati laser rangefinders. The gunner's periscope sight iri kumberi kwekurudyi kwe turret. Iine matatu optoelectronic chiteshi: masikati ekuona ane kusiyanisa magnification (2,5 uye 10x), kupisa kwekufungidzira uye terevhizheni. Iyo yakareba kureba kune chinangwa, yakayerwa nelaser rangefinder, inosvika 8000 m Kuti uone, kuona uye kuzivikanwa kwezvinangwa, pamwe nekupfura projectile ine pallet inobviswa (pachinhambwe che2000 m) uye cumulative projectile (1500 m. )
Sesimba rekudyara retangi reLeclerc, 8-cylinder ina-stroke V-yakaita V8X-1500 mvura-yakatonhorera turbocharged dizeli injini inoshandiswa. Iyo inogadzirwa mune imwe bhuroka ine otomatiki transmission EZM 500, inogona kutsiviwa mumaminetsi makumi matatu. Iyo pressurization system, inodaidzwa kuti "hyperbar", inosanganisira turbocharger uye kamuri yekupisa (senge turbine yegasi). Iyo inoburitsa yakakwira yekuwedzera kumanikidza kuwedzera zvakanyanya simba injini uku uchivandudza torque maitiro. The otomatiki hutachiwana inopa shanu mberi kumhanya uye maviri reverse. Iyo Leclerc tangi ine yakanaka throttle mhinduro - inomhanyisa kumhanya ye30 km / h mumasekonzi mashanu. Chimiro cheiyi tangi yeFrench kuvepo kweiyo hydropneumatic suspension, iyo inovimbisa kufamba kwakatsetseka uye yepamusoro-soro inokwanisika yekukwevera mumigwagwa nenzvimbo dzakashata. Pakutanga, zvakarongwa kutenga 5,5 Leclerc matangi eFrance pasi mauto. Nekudaro, shanduko yemamiriro echiuto-wezvematongerwo enyika yakakonzerwa nekuputsika kwesangano remauto reWarsaw Pact, yakaratidzwa mune zvinodiwa neuto reFrance mumatangi: kurongeka kwakadzikira kusvika ku32 units, iyo chikamu chikuru chaive chaitirwa. kudzoreredzwa kwezvikamu zvitanhatu zvezvombo (1400 mota imwe neimwe), matangi makumi manomwe aifanira kuendeswa kunzvimbo dzekuchengetedza uye zvikoro zvematangi. Zvinokwanisika kuti nhamba idzi dzichashanduka. Mari inofungidzirwa yetangi rimwe imamiriyoni makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe emadhora. Tangi yerudzi urwu inoitirwa kutsiva kwakarongwa kwekuchembera AMX-29. Pakutanga kwa30, yekutanga batch (mayuniti gumi nematanhatu) yeLeclerc matangi ekugadzirwa kwe serial yakarairwa nekutanga kuendeswa kumauto pakupera kwa1989. Miedzo yemauto emotokari idzi pamwero weboka rematangi yakaitika muna 16. Yekutanga tangi Rejiment rakapedzwa navo muna 1991, uye chikamu chokutanga armored muna 1993. Sources:
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Pakupera kwema70s, nyanzvi dzeFrance neGermany dzakatanga kuvandudza tangi itsva (iyo Napoleon-1 uye KRG-3 mapurogiramu), asi muna 1982 yakaguma. MuFrance, zvakadaro, basa rekugadzira tangi yavo yechizvarwa chechitatu inovimbisa yakaenderera mberi. Uyezve, pamberi pekuonekwa kweiyo prototype, masisitimu akadaro senge warhead uye kumiswa akagadzirwa uye akaedzwa. Mugadziri mukuru wetangi, uyo akagamuchira zita rekuti "Leclerc" (mushure mezita remukuru weFrance panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri), isangano rehurumende. Kugadzirwa kweseri kweLeclerc matangi kunoitwa nehurumende arsenal iri muguta reRoan.
