Main hondo tank M60

Iyo M60A3 ndiyo yekupedzisira vhezheni yekugadzira yakagadzirwa isati yaunzwa yeM1 Abrams matangi makuru ehondo ari kushandiswa parizvino. Iyo M60A3 yaive nelaser rangefinder uye digital fire control computer.

Musi waNdira 14, 1957, Komiti yeU. Kwapera mwedzi, Mutungamiriri weVashandi veUS Army panguva iyoyo, General Maxwell D. Taylor, akagadzira Boka Rakakosha rezvombo zveMatangi eRamangwana kana Kufanana Mota dzehondo - ARCOVE, kureva. boka rakakosha kugadzirira tangi remangwana kana yakafanana nemotokari yehondo.

Muna Chivabvu 1957, boka reARCOVE rakakurudzira kuti matangi ave nezvombo zvinokandwa mushure me1965, uye kushanda papfuti dzakajairwa kwaive kushoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhando nyowani dzehondo dzemakomba anotungamirwa dzaizogadzirwa, kushanda pamatangi pachawo kwaifanira kutariswa pakugadzira yakawedzera dhizaini yekudzora moto inokwanisa kushanda siku nesikati, pakudzivirira kwemotokari dzehondo uye kuchengeteka kwevashandi.

Kumwe kuedza kuwedzera moto weM48 Patton kwaive kushandisa mhando dzakasiyana dzepfuti dzakaiswa mumaturrets akagadziridzwa. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza T54E2, yakavakirwa pachisikisi cheM48 tangi, asi yakashongedzerwa neAmerican 140-mm T3E105 cannon, iyo, zvisinei, haina kupinda mukugadzirwa.

Muna Nyamavhuvhu 1957, General Maxwell D. Taylor akabvumidza chirongwa chitsva chekuvandudza matangi icho chaizobva zvakanyanya pakurudziro dzeARCOVE. Kusvika 1965, makirasi matatu ematangi aifanira kuchengetedzwa (ane 76 mm, 90 mm uye 120 mm zvombo, kureva chiedza, chepakati uye chinorema), asi mushure me1965 motokari dzakareruka dzemauto emhepo dzinofanira kunge dzakashongedzerwa chete neMBT. Iyo tangi huru yehondo yaizoshandiswa kutsigira mota dzevacheche uye nekuita zvinofambiswa mukati mekushanda kwakadzika kweboka rekurwisa muvengi, pamwe nechikamu chezvikamu zvekuona. Saka yaifanirwa kusanganisa maficha epakati tangi (zvinogoneka zviito) uye rinorema tangi (rutsigiro rwevacheche), uye tangi mwenje (kucherekedza uye kucherechedza mabasa) yaifanirwa kudzika munhoroondo, ichitsiviwa mune iri basa ne tangi huru yehondo, yaive mhando yepakati pakati pepakati nepakati nemichina inorema. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti matangi matsva aizova akashongedzerwa injini dizeli kubvira pakutanga.

Mukutsvaga kwayo, boka reARCOVE raifarira kuvandudzwa kweSoviet armored mota. Zvakaratidzwa kuti Eastern Bloc yaisazongove nemukana wehuwandu pamusoro pemauto enyika dzeNATO, asiwo mukana wepamusoro mumunda wezvombo zvehondo. Kuitira kuderedza kutyisidzira uku, fungidziro yakaitwa kuti 80 muzana. mukana wekurova chinangwa nekutanga kurova, panguva yehondo madaro ari pakati pematangi. Sarudzo dzakasiyana dzematangi ezvombo dzakatariswa, pane imwe nguva zvakatokurudzirwa kubata matangi ane anti-tank anotungamirwa makomba panzvimbo pechinyakare cannon. Muchokwadi, Mauto eUS akatevera nzira iyi nekugadzirwa kweFord MGM-51 Shillelagh anti-tank system, pamusoro peiyo gare gare. Pamusoro pezvo, kutarisisa kwakakweverwa pamukana wekugadzira mutsetse unopisa projectiles nehupamhi hwekutanga velocity, yakadzikamiswa pamativi.

Nekudaro, kurudziro yakakosha yaive yekusiya kupatsanurwa kwematangi kuita makirasi. Mabasa ese etangi mune mauto ane zvombo uye mechanized aifanira kuitwa nemhando imwe yetangi, inodaidzwa kuti hombe yehondo tank, iyo yaizobatanidza firepower nekudzivirira kwezvombo zvetangi rinorema nekufamba, maneuverability uye maneuverability yepakati tank. . Izvi zvakatendwa kuti zvinogoneka, sezvakaratidzwa nevaRussia pakugadzira T-54, T-55 uye T-62 mhuri yematangi. Rudzi rwechipiri rwetangi, nekushandiswa kushoma, raifanira kuve tangi rakareruka remauto anofambiswa nendege uye mayunitsi ekucherekedza, ayo aifanira kuchinjirwa kufambiswa kwemhepo uye kudonha kweparachute, chikamu chakateedzerwa pane tangi pfungwa. ISoviet tangi PT-76, asi yakanga isina kuitirwa chinangwa ichi, kuva tangi yeamphibious, asi inokwanisa kumhara kubva mumhepo. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakagadzirwa M551 Sheridan, 1662 mienzaniso yakavakwa.

Injini yeDhiza

Shanduko yemauto eUS kuenda kumainjini edhiziri yainonoka uye yaityairwa nechikamu chezvekugadzirisa zvinhu, kana kunyanya, nyanzvi dzekugovera mafuta. Muna Chikumi 1956, tsvakiridzo yakakomba yakaitwa mumajini ekudzima moto senzira yekudzikisa kudyiwa kwemafuta mumotokari dzehondo, asi hazvina kusvika muna Chikumi 1958 apo Dhipatimendi reMauto, kuUS Army Fuel Policy Conference, rakabvumidza kushandiswa kwedhiziri. mafuta muU.S. Army reverse logistics. Sezvineiwo, pakanga pasina nhaurirano muUS pamusoro pekupisa kwemafuta akareruka (peturu) uye kutapukira kwematangi kupfuta kana arohwa. Ongororo yeAmerica yekukuvadzwa kwetangi muHondo Yenyika II yakaratidza kuti kubva pakuona tangi richibata moto kana kuputika mushure mekurova, nhumbi dzayo dzepfuti dzaive nengozi zvakanyanya, kunyanya nekuti dzakakonzeresa kuputika nemoto zvakananga mukamuri yekurwira. kupfuura kuseri kwefirewall.

Kugadzirwa kwetangi redhiziri injini yeUS Army kwakatangwa neUS Ordnance Committee kumashure muna Kukadzi 10, 1954, zvichibva pakuti gwenya idzva raizoenderana sezvinobvira nekugadzirwa kweContinental AV-1790 peturu. injini.

Sechiyeuchidzo, injini yakapupurirwa yeAV-1790 yaive injini yepeturu yeV-twin yakagadzirwa neContinental Motors yeMobile, Alabama muma40s. Masilinda gumi nemaviri muurongwa hwakaita V pakona ye90 ° aive nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe29,361 malita ane dhayamita yecylinder yakafanana uye sitiroko ye146 mm. Yakanga iri ina-stroke, carburetor injini ine compression reshiyo ye6,5, isina kukwana kuwedzera, kurema (zvichienderana neshanduro) 1150-1200 kg. Yakagadzira 810 hp. pa 2800 rpm. Chikamu chesimba chakapedzwa neinjini-inotyairwa fan, ichipa kutonhora kwekumanikidza.