Olifant main battle tank Tangi reOlifant ("nzou") rakadzika yemazuva ano yeBritish "Centurion". Tangi "Oliphant 1B" yakatanga kupinda muuto reSouth Africa muna 1991. Yakanga yakarongwawo kuunza akawanda eModel 1A matangi kusvika padanho rayo. Iyo yemazuva ano yematangi eCenturion akaitwa muSouth Africa muenzaniso unonakidza wekusimudzira kurwisa zvivakwa zvemotokari dzehondo dzenguva refu. Ehe, "Oliphant 1B" haigone kuenzana nematangi emazuva ano, asi kuwanda kwekuvandudzwa nekuvandudzwa kwakaitwa kunoisa munzvimbo ine mukana kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe matangi anoshandiswa mukondinendi yeAfrica. Pakugadzira tangi, vagadziri vakatora classic marongerwo sehwaro. Imba yekudzora iri pamberi pehull, imba yekurwira iri pakati, gwenya remagetsi riri kumashure. Pfuti iri mushongwe ye circular rotation. Vashandi vetangi vane vanhu vana: mutungamiriri, pfuti, mutyairi uye loader. Kurongeka kwenzvimbo yemukati inopindiranawo nemhinduro dzakajairika uye dzenguva refu dzechinyakare. Chigaro chemutyairi chiri kurudyi pamberi pehull, uye kuruboshwe rwacho chikamu chezvombo (32 shots). Mutungamiriri wetangi uye pfuti vari kurudyi rweimba yekurwira, iyo inotakura iri kuruboshwe. Zvombo zvakachengetwa mu turret recess (16 kutenderera) uye mukamuri yekurwira (6 kutenderera). Hondo huru yemufananidzo wakavakwa wetangi ndeye 105-mm pfuti yepfuti STZ, iyo inokurudzirwa yeBritish cannon 17. Kubatanidzwa kwepfuti ne turret kunofungidzirwa kuva pasi rose, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuisa 120. -mm uye 140-mm pfuti. Kunyange itsva 6T6 cannon yakagadzirwa, iyo inoita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa 120-mm uye 140-mm madhiramu ane chiteshi chakatsetseka. Iyo inotevera pfuti modhi yetangi ndeye 120 mm ST9 smoothbore pfuti. Muzviitiko zvose, zviputi zvepfuti zvakafukidzwa nechifukidzo chekudzivirira kupisa. Sezvauri kuona, vagadziri vakapa akasiyana sarudzo yekumisa tangi nyowani, uye indasitiri yeSouth Africa ine mukana wakakwana wekuita chero zvikumbiro (mubvunzo wezano rekushandisa 140-mm pfuti iri kutariswa parizvino). Tactical uye tekinoroji maitiro eiyo huru yehondo tank "Oliphant 1V"  Kurwisa uremu, т 58 Vashandi, vanhu 4 Dimensions, mm: kureba nepfuti mberi 10200 Kuwedzera 3420 kureba 2550 Chombo   projectile Armarm:   105 mm pfuti yepfuti; Pfuti mbiri dze7,62mm Browning muchina Boek set:   68 shots, 5600 rounds Injini Injini "Teledine Continental", 12-cylinder, dhiziri, turbocharged, simba 950 hp. With. Highway kumhanya km / h 58 Kufamba mumugwagwa mukuru Km 400 Kukurira zvipingamupinyi: kureba kwemadziro, м 0.9 mugero wakafara, м 3.5 kudzika kwechikepe, м 1.2 Tangi "Centurion" yeuto reSouth Africa Centurion, A41 - British medium tank. Huwandu hwe4000 Centurion matangi akavakwa. Munguva yekurwa muKorea, India, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, Middle East, uye kunyanya munzvimbo yeSuez Canal, Centurion yakaratidza kuve imwe yematangi akanakisa epashure pehondo. Tangi yeCenturion yakagadzirwa semotokari inosanganisa zvivakwa zvekufamba uye matangi evacheche uye inokwanisa kuita mabasa ese makuru akapihwa mauto ehondo. Kusiyana nematangi ekare eBritish, mota iyi yaive yawedzera uye yakavandudza zvombo, pamwe nekuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwezvombo. Tank Centurion Mk. 3, kuCanada Museum Nekudaro, nekuda kwenzvimbo yakakura kwazvo, huremu hwetangi hwakazove hwakakura kwazvo kune iyi mhando yemotokari. Iyi drawback yakanyanya kuderedza kufamba kwetangi uye haina kubvumira kuchengetedza kwakasimba zvakakwana.  Centurion munharaunda yekurwa yakaratidza kuve imwe yematangi akanakisa Mienzaniso yekutanga yematangi eCenturion yakaonekwa muna 1945, uye kare muna 1947 shanduko huru yeCenturion Mk 3 ine 20-pounder 83,8-mm cannon yakaiswa mubasa. Zvimwe zvinogadziriswa zvenguva iyoyo zvakasiyana sezvinotevera: turret yakasungirirwa ine twin system ye 1 mm uye 76,2 mm pfuti yakaiswa paMk 20; paMk 2 sampuli - turret yakakandwa ine 76,2 mm pfuti; iyo Mk 4 ine turret yakafanana neMk 2, asi ine 95mm howitzer. Zvose izvi sampuli dzakagadzirwa muhuwandu hushoma uye pashure pacho dzimwe dzadzo dzakashandurwa kuva motokari dzinobatsira, uye chimwe chikamu chakakwidziridzwa kusvika pachiyero cheMk 3. Muna 1955, mamwe maitiro epamusoro eCenturion tank akagamuchirwa - Mk 7. Mk 8 uye Mk 9 , Muna 1958, muenzaniso mutsva wakaonekwa - "Centurion" Mk 10, yakashongedzerwa nekanoni 105 mm. Zvinoenderana nechikamu chitsva chechirungu, matangi eCenturion akaverengerwa sematangi epfuti. "Centurion" Mk 13 Iyo yakakwenenzverwa hull yeCenturion Mk 3 tank yakagadzirwa nesimbi yakakungurutswa ine inonzwisisika inorerekera yemhino mahwendefa ezvombo. Mahwendefa epadivi ehull aive aine kakurerekera kunze, izvo zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kuisa zviri nyore kumisa kubviswa kubva muhull. Kuti itsigire shongwe yacho, kuwedzera kwomunzvimbomo kwakagoverwa. Mativi echikepe chacho akanga akafukidzwa nezvidzitiro zvezvombo. Iyo shongwe yakakandwa, kunze kwedenga, iyo yakashongedzerwa nemagetsi welding, uye yakaitwa pasina kurerekera kunonzwisisika kwenzvimbo dzezvombo. PS Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti tangi yakapihwa pamusoro yanga iri kushanda nedzimwe nyika dzepasirese - kunyanya, muzvikwata zvehondo zveIsrael. Sources: B. A. Kurkov, V. I. Murakhovsky, B. S. Safonov "Main hondo matangi"; G. L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000"; Christoper Chant “World Encyclopedia of the Tank”; Medium tank "Centurion" [Armor collection 2003'02]; Green Michael, Brown James, Vallier Christoph "Matangi. Nhumbi dzesimbi dzenyika dzepasi. "