Main hondo tank Strv-103 (S-Tangi kana Tangi 103) Kekutanga mumakore epashure pehondo, hapana matangi matsva akagadzirwa muSweden. Muna 1953, 80 Centurion Mk 3 matangi ane 83,4 mm pfuti, yakasarudzwa 51P / -81, yakatengwa kubva kuU. Zvisinei, michina iyi haina kunyatsogutsa mauto eSweden. Naizvozvo, kubva pakati pe-270s, chidzidzo chakatanga pamusoro pekugona uye kugona kwekugadzira yedu tangi. Panguva imwecheteyo, hutungamiriri hwemauto hwakabva kune inotevera pfungwa: tangi chinhu chakakosha chose muSweden Defence system panguva ino uye mune ramangwana rinoonekwa, kunyanya kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakavhurika kumaodzanyemba kwenyika uye pamwe chete. mhenderekedzo yeGungwa reBaltic. Zvimiro zveSweden vanhu vashoma (10 miriyoni vanhu) vane ndima yakakura (105 km).2), kureba kwemiganhu (1600 km kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba), zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvemvura (madhamu anopfuura 95000), nguva pfupi yebasa muuto. Naizvozvo, tangi reSweden rinofanirwa kunge riine dziviriro iri nani pane tangi reCenturion, kuripfuura mumoto, uye kufamba kwetangi (kusanganisira kugona kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvemvura) kunofanirwa kunge kuri padanho remhando dzepasirese. Maererano nepfungwa iyi, tangi 51P / -103, inozivikanwawo se "5" tangi, yakagadzirwa. Hondo yeSweden parizvino inoda 200-300 matangi makuru matsva. Sarudzo nhatu dzekugadzirisa dambudziko iri dzakakurukurwa: gadzira yako tangi nyowani, kana kutenga nhamba inodiwa yematangi kunze kwenyika (dzinenge nyika dzese dzinovaka matangi dzinopa matangi adzo), kana kuronga kugadzirwa kwetangi rekunze rakasarudzwa pasi perezinesi uchishandisa mamwe. Zvikamu zveSweden mukugadzirwa kwayo. Kuti iite sarudzo yekutanga, Bofors naHoglund vakaronga boka rakagadzira hunyanzvi hwekugadzira tangi yeStridsvagn-2000. Tangi inorema matani makumi mashanu nesere ine vashandi ve58, hombe-caliber cannon (zvichida 3 mm), 140-mm otomatiki cannon yakabatanidzwa nayo, anti-ndege 40-mm pfuti yemuchina, inofanirwa kuve nekudzivirira kwezvombo zve modular. dhizaini inopa hutano hwepamusoro. Kufamba kwetangi hakufanirwe kuve kwakaipisisa kupfuura iyo yematangi makuru emazuva ano nekuda kwekushandisa 7,62 hp injini yedhiziri. ne., automatic transmission, hydropneumatic suspension, iyo inobvumira, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kushandura nzvimbo yekona yemuchina mundege refu. Kuderedza nguva nemari yekusimudzira, zvinhu zviripo zvinofanirwa kushandiswa mukugadzira: injini, kutapurirana, pfuti dzemuchina, zvinhu zvemasisitimu ekudzora moto, kudzivirira kubva kuzvombo zvekuparadza kukuru, nezvimwe, asi chete chassis gungano, chombo chikuru. uye inorodha yayo otomatiki inofanira kugadzirwa patsva. Pakupera kwema1475s, mafemu eSweden Hoglund neBofors akatanga kugadzira tangi yeStridsvagn-80, iyo yakarongwa kutsiva yekare Centurion. Muenzaniso wehupenyu hwetangi iyi wakatogadzirwa, asi muna 2000 hutungamiri hweMinistry of Defense hwakavhara chirongwa cheStridsvagn-1991 maererano nechisarudzo chehurumende yeSweden kutenga tangi huru yehondo kunze kwenyika. Iyo M1A2 "Abrams", "Leclerc matangi" uye "Leopard-2" matangi vakapinda mumakwikwi ebvunzo. Nekudaro, maGerman akapa zvirinani mazwi ekutumira, uye mota yavo yakapfuura matangi eAmerica neFrench mubvunzo. Kubva 1996, Leopard-2 matangi akatanga kupinda Swedish pasi mauto. Mukutanga ma80s, nyanzvi dzeSweden dzakagadzira uye dzakaedza prototypes yetangi rakareruka rakanyorwa, raidanwa SHE5 XX 20 (yainziwo muparadzi wetangi) pfuti yayo huru ipfuti yeGerman 120-mm smoothbore (ine Bofors muzzle brake). Inoiswa pamusoro pemuviri wemota yekumberi inoteedzerwa, iyo inogarawo vashandi (vanhu vatatu). Motokari yechipiri ine 600 hp injini yedhiziri. ne., zvombo nemafuta. Iine huremu hwehondo hwese hunopfuura matani makumi maviri, tangi iyi yakasvika kumhanya inosvika 20 km / h panguva yekuedzwa munzvimbo ine chando, asi yakaramba iri muchikamu chemuenzaniso. Muna 60, kambani yeBofors yakagamuchira kurayira kwemauto kune gumi prototypes, uye muna 1960 yakaratidza prototypes maviri. Mushure mekuvandudzwa, tangi rakaiswa mubasa pasi pezita rokuti "10" uye rakaiswa mukugadzirwa muna 1961. Nekuda kwezvisina kujairika zvigadziriso zvekugadzirisa, vagadziri vakakwanisa kusanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro, firepower uye kufamba kwakanaka mutangi ine mashoma mashoma. Chinodiwa chekubatanidza kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro uye firepower mukugadzirwa kwetangi nekufamba kwakanaka nehuremu hushoma kwakagutswa nevagadziri zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvisingajairiki zvigadziriso zvekugadzirisa. Iyo tangi ine dhizaini isina hanya ine "casemate" yekumisikidzwa kweiyo huru yezvombo muhull. Pfuti inoiswa mupepa remberi rehull pasina mukana wekupomba wakatwasuka uye wakatwasuka. Nhungamiro yaro inoitwa nekushandura nzvimbo yemuviri mundege mbiri. Pamberi pemuchina pane imba yeinjini, kuseri kwayo kune nzvimbo yekudzora, iyo zvakare inorwa. Munzvimbo inogarwa iri kurudyi rwepfuti ndiye mutungamiriri, kuruboshwe ndiye mutyairi (iyewo pfuti), kumashure kwake, akatarisana nechekumashure kwemotokari, mutyairi weredhiyo. Mutungamiriri ane yakaderera-mbiri 208 ° turret ine imwechete hatch kavha. Kumashure kwemota kunogarwa neautomatic gun loader. Iyo yakagamuchirwa dhizaini chirongwa chakaita kuti zvikwanise kuisa zviri nyore pfuti 105-mm ine pfuti 174 yakagadzirwa neBofors mune shoma vhoriyamu. Kuenzaniswa neiyo base modhi, iyo 174 barrel inowedzerwa kusvika 62 calibers (yakatarisana ne52 calibers yeChirungu). Pfuti ine hydraulic recoil brake uye spring knurler; dhiramu kupona - kusvika ku700 shots. Kutakura kwezvombo kunosanganisira pfuti dzakabatana dzine pfuti-inobaya sub-caliber, cumulative uye makoko ehutsi. Zvombo zvinotakurwa zvipfuti makumi mashanu, izvo - makumi maviri neshanu zvine magomba e-sub-caliber, 50 ane cumulative uye 25 nehutsi. Kusafamba kwepfuti kunoenderana nemuviri kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa iri nyore uye yakavimbika otomatiki loader, iyo yakave nechokwadi chehunyanzvi hwemoto wepfuti kusvika ku15 kutenderera / min. Paunenge uchiisazve pfuti, iyo yakashandiswa cartridge kesi inoburitswa kuburikidza nehatch kuseri kwetangi. Mukubatana ne ejector yakaiswa mukati mechikamu chemubhodhoro, izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kusvibiswa kwegasi yekamuri rinogara. Iyo otomatiki inorodha inorodha nemaoko kuburikidza maviri aft hatches uye inotora 5-10 maminetsi. Nhungamiro yepfuti mundege yakatwasuka inoitwa nekurebesa kuzungunuka kwehull nekuda kweiyo inogadziriswa hydropneumatic kuturika, mune yakatwasuka ndege - nekushandura tangi. Pfuti mbiri dzemuchina 7,62-mm dzine 2750 denderedzwa dzepfuti dzakaiswa kuruboshwe rwendiro yekumberi mune yakagadziriswa armored casing. Nhungamiro yepfuti yemuchina inoitwa nemuviri, i.e. pfuti dzemuchina dzinotamba basa re coaxial nekanoni, uyezve, pakuona 7,62-mm pfuti yemuchina yakaiswa kurudyi. Makani nepfuti dzemuchina zvinodzingwa nemukuru wetangi kana mutyairi. Imwe pfuti yemuchina yakaiswa pa turret iri pamusoro pehachi yemutungamiriri wemotokari. Kubva pairi iwe unogona kupfura zvese pamhepo uye pasi pezvinangwa, iyo turret inogona kuvharwa nenhovo dzehondo. Mukuru wemotokari uye mutyairi ane mabinocular akasanganiswa optical midziyo ORZ-11, ine magnification akasiyana. Simrad laser rangefinder yakavakirwa mukuona kwemupfuti. Chishandiso chemutungamiriri chinodzikamiswa mundege yakatwasuka, uye turret yayo iri mundege yakatwasuka. Mukuwedzera, zvinoshandurwa periscope blocks zvinoshandiswa. Mutungamiriri ane zvidhinha zvina - zvakaiswa pamwe chete necheperimeter yemukuru's cupola, mutyairi mumwe (kuruboshwe rweORZ-11), maviri eredhiyo. Optical midziyo patangi yakafukidzwa nemavhavha ezvombo. Kuchengeteka kwemuchina kunochengetedzwa kwete chete nehukobvu hwezvombo zvehull yakasungwa, asiwo nemakona makuru ekurerekera kwezvikamu zvakashongedzerwa, kunyanya iyo yekumusoro plate, nzvimbo diki yekumberi uye yedivi fungidziro. , uye pasi pakaita sechidyiro. Chinhu chakakosha kuoneka kwakaderera kwemotokari: yematangi makuru ehondo ari kushanda, iyi mota yehondo ine yakaderera silhouette. Kuti udzivirire kubva pakuona kwevavengi, maviri-aina-barrelled 53-mm chiutsi magrenade anovhura ari pamativi emukuru's cupola. Hatch yekubvisa kwevashandi inogadzirwa muhull. On tank Iyo 81P / -103 cannon inoiswawo kumberi pepa rehull pasina mukana wekupomba wakatwasuka uye wakachinjika. Nhungamiro yaro inoitwa nekushandura nzvimbo yemuviri mundege mbiri. Maitiro ekuita kweiyo huru yehondo tank STRV - 103  Kurwisa uremu, т 42,5 Vashandi, vanhu 3 Dimensions, mm: kureba kwemuviri 7040 kureba nepfuti mberi 8900 / 8990 Kuwedzera 3630 kureba 2140 clearance 400 / 500 Armarm:   pfuti caliber, mm 105 gadzira / mhando L74 / NP. 3 x 7.62 pfuti yemuchina mhando Ksp 58 Boek set:   50 kupfura uye 2750 kutenderera Injini yeStrv-103A tank 1 mhando / mhando yakawanda-mafuta. dhiziri / Rolls-Royce K60 simba, h.p. 240 Tora 2 / GTD mhando / Boeing 502-10MA simba, h.p. 490 yeTangi reStrv-103C mhando / mhando dhiziri / "Detroit dhiziri" 6V-53T simba, h.p. 290 mhando / mhando GTE / "Boeing 553" simba, h.p. 500 Yakananga pasi kumanikidza, kg / cm 0.87 / 1.19 Highway kumhanya km / h 50 km Speed ​​​​pamvura, km / h 7 Kufamba mumugwagwa mukuru Km 390 Kukurira zvipingamupinyi: kureba kwemadziro, м 0,9 mugero wakafara, м 2,3 Sources: G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000"; Christoper Chant “World Encyclopedia of the Tank”; Chris Chant, Richard Jones "Matangi: Anopfuura mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ematangi ePasirose neMotokari Dzinorwa Nezvombo"; M. Baryatinsky "Medium uye matangi makuru ekunze kwenyika"; E. Viktorov. Motokari dzehondo dzeSweden. STRV-103 ("Kunze Kwemauto Ongororo"); Yu. Spasibukhov "Main battle tank Strv-103", Tankmaster.