Madzibaba eSilicon Valley - Hewlett naPackard

Kana paine anokodzera kuve mapiyona eCalifornia's Silicon Valley, zvirokwazvo ndeava ma gentlemen maviri (1). Zvinobva kwavari uye nebasa ravo, Hewlett-Packard, kuti iyo pfungwa yakajairika yehunyanzvi hwekutanga kutanga mugaraji inouya. Nekuti ivo vakatotanga mugaraji iro, nanhasi, rakatengwa nekudzoreredzwa neHP, rinomira seyekukwezva vashanyi muPalo Alto.

CV: William Redington Hewlett David Packard

Zuva rokuzvarwa: Hewlett - 20.05.1913/12.01.2001/07.09.1912 (Yakagadziriswa 26.03.1996/XNUMX/XNUMX) David Packard - XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX (Yakagadziriswa XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX)

Nationality: American

Mamiriro emhuri: Hewlett - akaroora, vana vashanu; Packard - akaroora, vana vana

Rombo: vese vaive nemadhora XNUMX bhiriyoni HP panguva yekufa kwavo

Dzidzo: Hewlett - Lowell High School muSan Francisco, Stanford University; Packard - Centennial High School muPueblo, Colorado, Stanford University

Chiitiko: Vavambi veHewlett-Packard uye nhengo dzenguva refu dzehutungamiriri (munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana)

Zvimwe zvawawana: vanogashira IEEE Vavambi Menduru uye mamwe akawanda tekinoroji mibairo nemisiyano; Packard akapihwawo Menduru yeMutungamiriri weUnited States yerusununguko uye akanyoreswa imwe yenzvimbo dzekutanga dzeInternet, HP.com.

Zvaunofarira: Hewlett - unyanzvi; Packard - nzira itsva dzekutarisira kambani, rudo

HP Vakatanga - Dave Packard naWilliam "Bill" Hewlett - Vakasangana kuStanford University, uko muma30, boka rinotungamirirwa naProfessor Frederick Terman rakagadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvekutanga.

Vakashanda pamwe chete zvakanaka, saka mushure mekudzidza kuyunivhesiti vakafunga kutanga kugadzira majenareta eruzha mugaraji raHewlett.

Muna January 1939 vakabatana vakaumba kambani Hewlett-Packard. Iyo HP200A audio jenareta yaive chirongwa chinobatsira.

Kushandiswa kwegirobhu remwenje seanopikisa mune akakosha edunhu zvinhu kwaireva kuti chigadzirwa chacho chaigona kutengeswa nemutengo wakaderera pane zvigadzirwa zvakafanana zvevakwikwidzi.

Zvakwana kutaura kuti iyo HP200A inodhura $54,40, nepo yechitatu-bato oscillator inodhura zvakapetwa kana.

Varume vaviri vakakurumidza kuwana mutengi wechigadzirwa chavo, sezvo Walt Disney Company yakashandisa midziyo yavakagadzira mukugadzira firimu rine mukurumbira "Fantasy".

Mupata tsika

Sezviri pachena, kurongeka kwemazita muzita rekambani kwaifanirwa kutariswa nekukandwa kwemari. Packard akahwina asi akazobvuma kutora chigaro Hewlett. Achirangarira kutanga kwekambani iyi, Packard akati panguva iyi vakanga vasina pfungwa huru yaizoita kuti vapfume nebudiriro.

Asi, vakanga vachifunga nezvokugovera zvinhu zvakanga zvisati zvatengeswa, asi zvaidiwa. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, zvakaratidzwa kuti hurumende yeUnited States yaitsvaga majenareta nemavoltmeter ayo varume vose vari vaviri vaigona kugadzira. Vakawana mirairo.

Kubatana nemauto kwakabudirira uye kwakabereka zvibereko zvekuti gare gare, muna 1969, Packard akasiya kambani kwenguva pfupi kuti ashande semutevedzeri weMunyori weDziviriro mukutonga kweMutungamiri Richard Nixon.

Kubva pakutanga kwekuvapo kwayo, HP Dave Packard ane hunyanzvi mumabasa ane chekuita nehutungamiriri hwekambani, ukuwo William Hewlett akatarisa kudivi retekinoroji mukutsvaga nekusimudzira.

Atova mumakore ehondo, Packard asipo Hewlett, akanga apedza basa rechiuto, akaedza kuronga basa mukambani. Akasiya purogiramu yebasa yakaoma uye akapa vashandi rusununguko rwakawanda. Hutungamiri hwekambani hwakatanga kudzikira, kureba pakati pemaneja nevashandi kwakaderedzwa.

Iyo chaiyo yekambani tsika yeSilicon Valley yakazvarwa, iyo Hewlett uye Packard akanga ari amai vakatanga, uye vasiki vake vainzi vanababa. Kwemakore mazhinji, HP yanyanya kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvevagadziri vemagetsi uye nzvimbo dzekutsvagisa nekusimudzira.

Chokutanga pane zvose, yakanga iri yepamusoro-yekupedzisira yekuyera michina - oscilloscopes, voltmeters, spectrum analyzers, jenareta emhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Iyo kambani ine zvakawanda zvakabudirira mundima iyi, yakaunza akawanda magadzirirwo emhinduro uye zvigadzirwa zvine patented.

Midziyo yekuyeresa yakagadziridzwa yakakwira frequency (kusanganisira microwave), semiconductor uye yakabatanidzwa yedunhu tekinoroji. Paive nemisangano yakaparadzana yekugadzira microwave zvikamu, semiconductors, kusanganisira akasanganiswa maseketi uye microprocessors, uye optoelectronics.

Mashopu akasikirwa kugadzirwa kwemidziyo yemagetsi yekurapa (semuenzaniso, mamonitor emoyo kana electrocardiographs), pamwe nekuyera uye yekuongorora michina yezvinodiwa nesainzi, semuenzaniso. gasi, mvura uye mass spectrometers. Vatengi vekambani ndiyo marabhoritari makuru uye nzvimbo dzekutsvagisa, kusanganisira NASA, DARPA, MIT uye CERN.

Muna 1957, zvikamu zvekambani zvakanyorwa paNew York Stock Exchange. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, HP yakabatana neJapan Sony uye Yokogawa Electric kugadzira nekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvemagetsi zvemusika wevatengi.

"Munguva kubva 1955 kusvika 1965. Hewlett-Packard pamwe yaive kambani hombe munhoroondo,” anodaro Michael S. Malone, munyori wemabhuku nezvemagamba eSilicon Valley (3). "Vakanga vaine mwero wakafanana wehunyanzvi hwaive naApple kwemakore gumi apfuura, uye panguva imwecheteyo yaive kambani inoshamwaridzana nevashandi muUnited States ine hunhu hwepamusoro-soro."

1. Mukuru Dave Packard naBill Hewlett

3. William Hewlett naDavid Packard mumakore makumi mashanu.

Makomputa kana ma calculator

Muhafu yechipiri ye60s, HP yakatendeudzira kutarisa kwayo kumusika wekombuta. Muna 1966, kombiyuta yeHP 2116A (4) yakagadzirwa, iyo yakashandiswa kudzora kushanda kwezviridzwa zvekuyera. Makore maviri gare gare, akaonekwa pamusika. Hewlett-Packard 9100A, iyo makore mazhinji gare gare yakanzi yekutanga komputa neWired magazine (6).

6. Hewlett-Packard 9100A karukureta komputa

Zvisinei, mugadziri pachake haana kuzvitsanangura saizvozvo, achidana muchina karukureta. "Kana tikaidaidza kuti komputa, vatengi vedu vekombuta havaifarire nekuti yaisaita seIBM," Hewlett akazotsanangura.

Yakashongedzerwa nemonitor, printer uye magineti memory, iyo 9100A yaive isina kunyanya kusiyana nemaPC atakajaira nhasi. Yekutanga "chaiyo" komputa yako Hewlett-Packard zvisinei, haana kuigadzira kusvika 1980. Haana kubudirira.

Muchina uyu wanga usingaenderane neyaive yaitonga IBM PC standard. Nekudaro, izvi hazvina kumisa kambani kuita kumwe kuedza mumusika wekombuta. Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti muna 1976 kambani yakaregeredza iyo desktop prototype yayakauya nayo...

Steve Wozniak. Pakarepo mushure meizvozvo, akatanga Apple naSteve Jobs, uyo, pazera remakore gumi nemaviri, William Hewlett pachake akafungidzira semwana ane tarenda zvikuru! "Mumwe anokunda, mumwe anorasikirwa," Hewlett akazotaura nezvekubva kwaWozniak uye kushaya kwebhizinesi acumen kwevari pasi pake.

Mumunda wemakomputa, HP yakabvumira Apple kuti ipfuure. Zvisinei, zvinokosha Hewlett-Packard muchikamu chehomwe macalculator, hapana ane mibvunzo. Muna 1972, yekutanga sainzi muhomwe karukureta HP-35 (2) yakagadzirwa.

Mumakore akatevera, kambani yakaramba ichivandudza: yekutanga homwe programmable Calculator uye yekutanga programmable alphanumeric Calculator. Yakanga iri mainjiniya eHP, pamwe chete nevamwe vaSony, vakaunza kumusika 3,5-inch floppy disk, iyo yaive itsva panguva iyoyo uye yakashandura svikiro rekuchengetedza.

Kudhinda Hewlett-Packard zvinoonekwa sezvisingaparadzwi. Iyo kambani yakabva yakwikwidza chinzvimbo cheIT musika mutungamiri neIBM, Compaq naDell. Iva sezvazvingaite, gare gare HP yakahwina musika kwete chete nezvayo zvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, akawana laser printing tekinoroji mu70s kubva kuJapan kambani Canon, iyo isina kuonga pfungwa yake.

Uye ndosaka, nekuda kwesarudzo yebhizinesi chaiyo uye nekuzadzikiswa kwekugona kwemhinduro nyowani, HP yave nemukurumbira mumusika weprinta yekombuta. Kare muna 1984, akaunza HP ThinkJet, isingadhure printa yemunhu, uye makore mana gare gare, iyo HP DeskJet.

2. HP-35 karukureta 1972.

4. 2116A - Hewlett-Packard yekutanga komputa

Kuparadzanisa uye kubatanidza

Nekuda kwechiito chakatorwa kukambani nevakuru pamhosva dzekuita monopolistic, kambani yakakamurwa muna 1999 uye imwe yakazvimirira, Agilent Technologies, yakasikwa kuti itore zvisiri zvemakomputa kugadzira.

nhasi Hewlett-Packard kunyanya inogadzira maprinta, mascanner, makamera edhijitari, makomputa anobatwa nemaoko, maseva, macomputer workstations, uye makomputa epamba nemabhizinesi madiki.

Mazhinji emakomputa emunhu uye mabhuku ekunyorera ari muHP portfolio anobva kuCompaq, iyo yakabatana neHP muna 2002, ichiita iyo yakakura kwazvo PC mugadziri panguva iyoyo.

Gore rekutanga reAgilent Technologies Hewlett-Packard yaikosha mabhiriyoni masere emadhora uye iine mabasa 8 47. vanhu. Yakakurumidza (zvakare) yakanyorwa pane stock exchange uye yakazivikanwa seyekutanga hombe muSilicon Valley.

Guruva?

Gore rimwe chetero, Carly Fiorina, mukadzi wekutanga CEO wemakambani makuru eruzhinji eUS, akafungidzira kutonga kwePalo Alto mahofisi makuru. Nehurombo, izvi zvakaitika panguva yedambudziko rehupfumi rakakonzerwa nekuputika kweInternet bubble.

5. Hewlett-Packard Research Center muFrance

Yakashoropodzwawo nekubatanidzwa kwayo neCompaq, pazvakaburitswa kuti kubatanidzwa kwemakambani maviri ane simba kwakakonzera matambudziko makuru esangano pachinzvimbo chekuchengetedza.

Izvi zvakaenderera mberi kusvika muna 2005, apo maneja wekambani akamukumbira kusiya basa.

Kubva ipapo shanda Hewlett naPackard kubata nekuchinja kufara. Mushure medambudziko, CEO mutsva Mark Hurd akaunza draconian austerity, izvo zvakavandudza mhedzisiro yekambani.

Iyo yekupedzisira, zvisinei, yakabata zvakanaka mumisika yechinyakare, ichirekodha kumwe kutadza kunoshamisa munzvimbo nyowani - izvi zvakapera, semuenzaniso, kuedza kupinda mumusika wetablet.

Mumakore achangopfuura, kambani yakashandura hutungamiri hwayo kaviri, pasina kuwana zvinotarisirwa. Mazhinji ehurukuro nguva pfupi yadarika ndeyekuti HP inoda kubuda mumusika wePC, senge IBM, yakatanga kubuda bhizinesi rePC ndokuzoitengesa kuLenovo.

Asi vazhinji vanocherekedza chiitiko cheSilicon Valley vanopokana kuti masosi ematambudziko eHP anofanirwa kudzoserwa kumashure panguva yakare kupfuura zviito zvehasha zvemaneja achangoburwa. Kare kare, muma90s, kambani yakagadzira kunyanya kuburikidza nekushanda kwebhizimisi, kutora uye kuderedza mari, uye kwete - sekare, munguva dzehurumende. Packard naHewlett - nekugadzira zvishandiso zvitsva izvo vanhu nemakambani vanoda.

Hewlett naPackard vakafa nyaya dzese dziri pamusoro dzisati dzatanga kuitika mukambani yavo. Wekupedzisira akafa muna 1996, wekutanga muna 2001. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo chaiyo, inoshamwaridzana nevashandi tsika ine zita rechinyakare, iyo HP Way, yakatanga kunyangarika mukambani. Ngano inoramba iripo. Uye garaji remapuranga umo vadiki vaviri vanofarira zvemagetsi vakaunganidza majenareta avo ekutanga.