Chitofu mumotokari hachishande zvakanaka: zvikonzero zvekuita
Zviri mukati
Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda nei mhepo inotonhora ichivhuvhuta kubva pachitofu. Zvakadaro, zvakafanira kutarisisa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira pane zvakati wandei zvezvinhu zviri pachena zvinotungamira kumisa kupihwa kwemhepo inopisa kune inotakura vanhu kana injini iri kushanda.
Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda nei mhepo inotonhora ichivhuvhuta kubva pachitofu. Zvakadaro, zvakafanira kutarisisa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira pane zvakati wandei zvezvinhu zviri pachena zvinotungamira kumisa kupihwa kwemhepo inopisa kune inotakura vanhu kana injini iri kushanda.
Chitofu chei?
Chitofu mumotokari inoita basa rakafanana nekupisa midziyo munzvimbo yekugara - kupa kupisa kune mutyairi nevatakuri. Zvakare, kupisa kwekabhini, kwakagadzirwa nechitofu, kunopesana nekuputira kwemahwindo, kutonhora kwekiyi, uye marudzi ese emukati switch.
Chitofu chesaloon chakabatana nejini yekutonhodza system. Injini inotonhodzwa nemvura yakakosha - antifreeze, iyo inotora kupisa kubva mukati mejini inopisa, inopisa, uye inotonhora mu radiator.
Kutenderera kunotonhorera kwakakamurwa kuita madenderedzwa maviri - madiki uye makuru. Ichitenderera mudenderedzwa diki, firiji inopinda mugomba yakavharidzira cylinder block, iyo inonzi shati, uye inotonhorera macylinders nemapiston. Kana chinotonhodza chichipisa kusvika madhigirii 82, vharuvhu yakakosha (thermostat) inovhurika zvishoma nezvishoma, uye antifreeze inoyerera ichibva pacylinder block, ichienderera mberi nemutsara unoenda kune radiator inotonhorera. Nokudaro, kufamba kweantifreeze kunotanga mudenderedzwa guru. Zvakare, kana injini ichimhanya, mvura inopisa mukati medenderedzwa diki, kuburikidza nepombi yekupinza uye yekubuda nayo, inogara ichitenderera kuburikidza nechitofu radiator.
Kupisa mumotokari
Kana mutyairi akabatidza chitofu, anobva atanga feni, iyo inotanga kuvhuvhuta paradiyeta yechitofu ichipiswa neinotonhora inopisa. Nokudaro, mhepo inoputika ne fan ichapfuura nepakati pemasero e-radiator uye inopisa, uye ipapo, yatopisa, inopinda mukati memotokari kuburikidza nemugero wemhepo. Saizvozvo, haugamuchire kupisa kudzamara muchina wave uchishanda kwemaminetsi akati wandei. Mushure mezvose, sezvo injini inopisa, iyo inotonhorera inopisa zvakare.
Sei ichivhuvhuta mhepo inotonhora
Munguva yechando, kukanganisa kwekabhini heater kuchava, kuisa zvinyoro, kushamisika kusingafadzi kumutyairi. Pane akati wandei mapoinzi nekuda kwekuti chitofu chinomira kupisa.
Yakaderera huwandu hweantifreeze muinotonhora system
Iyo kabhini hita inoshandisa kupisa kubva kune inotonhorera inotenderera ichitenderera uye mukati meinjini. Iyo yakaderera yekutonhodza mwero inowanzobatanidzwa nedepressurization yedunhu rakavharwa uye inotonhorera kuvuza. Dambudziko rakadaro rinosanganisira kufefetera iyo inotonhorera system, iyo inovhiringidza kutenderera kwefiriji. Muchiitiko ichi, chitofu chichamira kubudisa kupisa, injini inotanga kupisa.
Izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa chete neinjini inotonhora. Izvo zvinodiwa kuzadza iyo inotonhorera mutangi yekuwedzera. Iri tangi rinoonekera, riri pedyo neradiyeta, rine hose dzerabha dzinobuda pairi.
Hapana antifreeze yakakwana mumotokari
Matangi ekuwedzera emotokari dzemazuva ano ane njodzi - "Max" uye "Min". Kana huwandu hwefiriji huri pasi pehuwandu hushoma, saka pane kushayikwa kwefriji muhurongwa. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuzadza inotonhorera kusvika padanho repamusoro.
Kana chiyero chemvura chiri mukati memiganho yakajairika, hapana kudonha uye mhepo, uye ovheni haisati yapisa, iwe unofanirwa kuramba uchitsvaga zvimwe zvikonzero zvinogona kukanganisa kudziyisa system.
Yakanamira thermostat
Iyo thermostat ndechimwe chezvikamu zvikuru zvaunofanira kubhadhara kana chitofu chiri mumotokari chisingaiti zvakanaka. Iyi vharuvhu inodzora kutenderera kwezvinotonhodza kuburikidza neyakavharika yekutonhodza system. Chiratidzo chekushisa pane dashboard chichakubatsira iwe kuziva kana thermostat iri kushanda nemazvo. Kana injini yemotokari yako yave ichishanda kwemaminetsi angangoita gumi, tembiricha yegeji inofanira kuratidza kuti tembiricha yakwira kubva pa "kutonhora" kuenda "kupisa". Zvakanaka, museve unofanirwa kunge uri pane imwe nzvimbo pakati. Kana izvi zviverengero zvisina kugadzikwa pane tembiricha geji, iyo thermostat inogona kunge yakundikana.
Kune marudzi maviri e thermostat kusashanda zvakanaka: kuputika kwevharuvhu munzvimbo yakavharwa kana yakavhurika. Kana iyo thermostat yakanamira panzvimbo yakavhurika, nguva yekuti chinotonhodza ichidziya kusvika kune yakajairika tembiricha inowedzera, kupera kweinjini kuchawedzera, uye chitofu chinoshanda nekunonoka kwemaminetsi angangoita gumi.
Ne thermostat inogara yakavharwa, iyo inopesana ichaitika kune mota - kupisa kwakasimba kweinjini yekupisa kwemukati, sezvo mvura inopisa isingakwanise kupfuura denderedzwa diki kuti ipinde mu radiator uye inotonhorera. Kune chitofu, vharuvhu yakavharwa inorevawo kuti hapana kudziyisa, nekuti vharafu haitenderi kupisa kunotonhorera mukati medunhu rehita.
Yakanamira thermostat
Kusashanda kwepombi
Pombi ipombi yecentrifugal inofambisa antifreeze kuburikidza neinotonhodza. Kana chikwata ichi chikamira kushanda, kuyerera kwemvura kuburikidza nehosi, pombi uye nzira kunomira. Kumisa kutenderera kwezvinotonhodza kuburikidza neinotonhodza system kunoita kuti injini iwedzere kupisa. Zvakare, chinotonhodza hachikwanisi kuendesa kupisa kuchitofu radiator, uye heater yeheater inoburitsa mweya unotonhora zvakanyanya.
Kusashanda zvakanaka kwepombi kunogona kuonekwa neruzha kana kuridza mhere panguva yekushanda kwayo. Zviratidzo zvakadaro zvinowanzobatanidzwa nekukasira kwekutakura kupfeka nekuda kwekushanda kwenguva refu kwegungano. Mukuwedzera, nekufamba kwenguva, mapeller blades anogona kupera, izvo zvichaita kuti zvisakwanise kuchengetedza kutenderera kwakajairika, pamwe nemhedzisiro yese inozotevera yemota uye chitofu.
muchina kupisa pombi
Pane nzira mbiri chete dzekugadzirisa dambudziko iri: kugadzirisa pombi, zvichienderana nekuparara kwechidimbu, kana kuisa chikamu chitsva. Sezvo maitiro anoratidza, yechipiri sarudzo inonyanya kukosha. Kunyange kana pombi isina kuurayiwa zvachose, kugadzirisa hakuzobatsiri nguva dzose kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hwebasa kwenguva yakareba. Nokudaro, zviri nyore uye zvakanyanya kuvimbika kutenga nekuisa pombi itsva.
Zvimwe zvikonzero nei chitofu chisingadzise zvakanaka
Mukuwedzera kune zvikonzero zvikuru zvinosanganiswa nezvinetso muhutano hwekutonhora, kukanganisa kunogona kuitika mune imwe yezvitofu nodes. Saka, kusashanda zvakanaka kwechitofu kunoitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:
- Yakavharika kana yakakuvadzwa sitofu radiator. Nekufamba kwenguva, marara anovhara maseru eanopisa kupisa uye anozopisa zvisina kunaka mweya unopfuura nawo. Zvakare, nekuda kwekuisa ngura kana chiyero, kuvhara mukati meradiator kunogoneka, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwekutenderera kunotonhorera. Mukuwedzera, kushanda kwenguva refu kana kukanganisa kwemagetsi kunogona kukanganisa kutendeseka kweimba ye radiator. Inongotanga kuyerera uye zvachose kurega kuita mabasa ayo. Naizvozvo, kana ikavharika, iva nechokwadi chekuchenesa chinhu ichi kana kutsiva chikamu chakakanganisika.
- Fani kukundikana. Fani yechitofu inofuridzira radiator kana antifreeze inopisa ichipfuura nepairi. Uyezve, kuyerera kwemhepo inopisa kubva kune antifreeze inopinda mukamuri yevafambi kuburikidza nemukoto wemhepo. Saizvozvo, fan yakashata inokonzeresa kusavapo kwemhepo inopisa uye kupisa kwemukati. Zvisinei, panguva yekufamba, nekuputsika kwakadaro, chitofu chinogona kuramba chichibudisa mhepo inopisa, sezvo basa refeni rinogona kuitwa neimwe nzira nekuyerera kwemhepo inobva kunze. Ehe, kana mota ikamiswa, chitofu chinobva chamira kubuda kupisa.
- Sefa yemhepo yakavharika. Kana rukova rwemhepo inopisa ichibhururuka mukamuri, sefa yekabhini inomira munzira yayo, iyo inoita basa rekuchenesa mhepo kubva kune zvinokuvadza zvekunze zvinosvibisa. Sefa yakavharwa inotanga kupfuudza mweya zvisina kunaka, uye chitofu chinopisa zvisina kunaka.
- Shutter kusashanda zvakanaka. Iyo heater yemhepo duct yakashongedzerwa ine damper, iyo iwe yaunogona kugadzirisa huwandu hwemhepo inopisa inoyerera ichipinda mukamuri yevafambi. Ndiko kuti, iyo yakawanda hatch yakazaruka, iyo yakawanda inopisa inopinda mu cabin, uye zvakasiyana. Keteni iri rinobatanidzwa netambo pamubato kana kiyi yekudzora chitofu. Uyewo shutter inogona kushanda kuburikidza ne servomotor. Kudonhedza kwetambo kana kuputsika kweservo drive kuchaita kuti zvisaite kudzora keteni zvakajairika uye kuseta yakanyanya tembiricha mukamba.
