Nei mota ichitenderera, troit uye zvitoro - izvo zvinowanzoitika zvikonzero
Zviri mukati
Kana iyo mota ikazununguka, troit uye matanda nekuda kwechero zviito zvemutyairi kana pasina chikonzero chakajeka zvachose, saka imwe yemasilinda ndiyo inogara ichikonzera dambudziko.
Varidzi vekare, uye kazhinji mota nyowani, kamwechete vakasangana nekusagadzikana kushanda kweiyo simba unit, iyo ine ruzivo nevatyairi vanoti "troit injini". Chikonzero nei iyo mota troit uye zvitoro zvinogara zvine chekuita nehunyanzvi mamiriro emota kana masisitimu ayo. Nokudaro, kusagadzikana kwejerky kushanda kwejini chikonzero chakakomba chekuongorora kwakadzika kwe "moyo" wemotokari.
Kana injini iri troit, saka chimwe chinhu mukati mayo chakashata kana kuti chisina kugadzirwa.
Shoko rokuti "troit" rinorevei?
Injini dzinopisa dzemukati-marori dzakaiswa pamotokari nemarori, dhizaini nekushanda kwayo, pamwe nekusashanda zvakanaka kwakawanda uye zvikonzero zvadzo, takataura nezvazvo muzvinyorwa izvi:
- Motokari inomira isina basa.
- Motokari inotanga uye pakarepo inomira kana ichitonhora - chii chingava zvikonzero.
- Kunopisa.
Izwi rokuti "troit" rakaonekwa munguva yechina-cylinder injini, apo pakanga pasina masimba emagetsi ane matanhatu kana kupfuura. Uye zvaireva kuti rimwe remacylinders rakamira kushanda, matatu chete ari kushanda. Somugumisiro, inzwi rinobudiswa nejini rinoshanduka: panzvimbo yekutinhira, imwe mhando ye dissonance inooneka.
Mukuwedzera, simba rechikwata chemagetsi uye kugadzikana kwekushanda kwayo kunodonha zvakanyanya, uye kushandiswa kwemafuta, pane zvinopesana, kunowedzera zvakanyanya. Kazhinji, iyi simba unit inomira kana ichishanda nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kana mutyairi achinyatso tsikirira gasi pedal. Imwe ratidziro yeichi chikanganiso iko kuzunguzika kwakasimba kune ragged rhythm.
Hazvina mhosva kuti mileage ipi uye mamiriro akaita injini yekupisa mukati, dambudziko iri rinogona kuitika.
Rangarira, kana mota ikazununguka, troit uye matanda nekuda kwechero zviito zvemutyairi kana pasina chikonzero chakajeka, saka tsime redambudziko rinogara riri rimwe remasilinda asingashande zvakajairika. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti injini iri kushanda nguva nenguva, pamwe nekutsvaga cylinder isina kukwana, ita zvinotevera:
- Painjini dzepeturu, chinjanai bvisa matipi ewaya dzine zvombo nekenduru. Kana, mushure mokubvisa waya, injini yakatanga kushanda zvakanyanya, saka iyi silinda iri mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, asi kana basa risina kuchinja, ipapo cylinder yakashata yakawanikwa.
- Pamagetsi edhiziri, sunungura mapulagi anopenya nekutanga kubvisa waya yakajairika kubva pairi uye woiisa pane dielectric surface. Kana iwe ukawana humburumbira yakakanganisika, mota ichaita chero nzira kana zvishoma zvishoma kune unnscrewing kenduru.
Kudonha kwemota kunogara kuchiperekedzwa nekudedera kunogona kunzwika nemaoko ako kana kuoneka.
Nei injini inofamba
Kuti unzwisise kuti sei muchina unofamba uye matanda, zvinodikanwa kufunga kuti ndezvipi zvikamu kana masisitimu anogona kukanganisa kushanda kwecylinder imwe chete. Dambudziko nderekuti kazhinji pane zvikonzero zvakati kuti zvemaitiro aya. Semuyenzaniso, yakavharika sefa yemhepo inoderedza kupihwa kwemhepo, asi kune mweya wakakwana wemakamuri mazhinji ekupisa, asi imwe yacho inogadzira kudzvanya kushoma kana ine matambudziko ekubatidza musanganiswa. Zvisinei, zvikonzero zvikuru nei motokari inotanga, troit uye matanda ndiwo matambudziko anotevera eimwe cylinders:
- kudzvinyirira kwakaderera;
- waya isina kukwana;
- kukanganisa spark plug;
- distributor malfunction;
- kusashanda kweimwe yeiginition coils kana imwe yevanobatika;
- Rimwe remajekiseni harina kunaka.
Kudzvinyirira kwakadzika
Zvose makamuri ekupisa eimwe simba remagetsi anogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakafanana: kudonha kwekumanikidza kunoitika pamwero wakafanana. Kunyangwe mhete dzepiston padzinonyura, mutsauko mukumanikidzwa wakagadzirwa haupfuure 1-2 atm uye haugone kuita kuti muchina uzununguke uye umire. Mushure mezvose, nokuda kweizvi, kudonha kwekumanikidza kunofanira kunge kwakakura zvikuru. Nekumanikidza kwe6 atm yepeturu uye makumi maviri emagetsi edhiziri, injini yakaipa, asi inoshanda, asi imwe kuderera kunotungamirira kumira. Naizvozvo, muganho wepasi wekumanikidza unokosha 20 atm yepeturu uye 5 yedhiziri simba unit.
Engine compression gauge
Zvikonzero zvinonyanya kukonzera kudonha kwepressure iyi ndezvi:
- kuparara kwe cylinder head gasket (cylinder head);
- kupera kwevhavha;
- kupisa kwepiston.
Yeuka: kuparara chete kwe cylinder head gasket kunoitika pasina kuonekwa kwezviratidzo zvekutanga uye munguva pfupi (maminetsi mashomanana), apo mamwe ose anokanganisa anokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Uye zvakare, zvese izvi zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro yekushanda zvisina kunaka kana kushata kwehunyanzvi mamiriro emota. Kushandisa zvisizvo kungasanganisira:
- kutyaira nepeturu yakaipa;
- basa refu mukupisa muoti;
- kushandiswa kakawanda kwemotokari pasi pemutoro mukuru.
Chengetedza mota yako uye uishandise nemazvo, izvi zvinodzivirira injini kubva pakudonha kwakanyanya mukumanikidza mune imwe yemasilinda. Iko kusashanda zvakanaka kweiyo magetsi unit kunosanganisira:
- nguva isiriyo yekudzima (UOZ);
- kutyaira kwenguva refu pamusanganiswa wakapfuma kana wakaonda (tsvina air filter, nezvimwewo);
- kusakwana level ye antifreeze.
Kuti udzivise mamiriro ezvinhu apo muchina dzimwe nguva unofamba uye matanda nekuda kwekuremara uku, ita injini yekuongorora kaviri pagore kana kupfuura kakawanda. Uyezve, iyo yakakura motokari, iyo ipfupi nguva dzepakati pakati pecheki dzinofanira kuva.
Ichi chishandiso chinoshandiswa kuyera kudzvanywa kweinjini.
Waya yezvombo yakanganisa
Kazhinji kacho, kusashanda zvakanaka kwewaya yakashongedzwa, nekuda kwekuti mota inofamba, inomira uye inotanga zvisina kunaka, iko kusabatana zvakanaka ne spark plug kana ignition coil terminal. Iwe unogona kuedza kuzarura mazita kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwekoiri, nokuti tambo yezvombo inopinzwa mukati mayo uye zvinopesana, svina chidimbu kubva parutivi rwekenduru, nokuti yakaiswa pane ichi chikamu. Kana iwe usingazivi kugadzira kwakadaro kana kuti kusashanda, shandura iyo. Kuti uite izvi, gadzirisazve waya dziri pedyo dzezvombo munzvimbo, wozobvisa waya inotsiviwa. Kuwedzera kuparara kwejini kuchasimbisa kusashanda kwetambo yehondo, asi kana injini isingashanduki, saka tsvaga chimwe chikonzero.
Faulty spark plug
Kana kutsiva armored waya haana kushanda, nokuti motokari troit uye matanda, unscrew uye kuongorora kenduru. Chero chezvikanganiso zvayo zvinogona kuva mugumisiro wezvose zvakakanganisika zvefekitari uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwekambani yemagetsi, semuenzaniso, kushanda kusina kunaka kweimwe yenozzles. Kuti uone chikonzero, isa spark plug nyowani uye tarisa mamiriro ayo mushure memazana mashoma mamaira. Kana yakachena uye isina kupiswa, saka dambudziko nderokuremara kwefekitari, zvisinei, dema plaque kana zvimwe zvirema zvinosimbisa hurombo hwehunyanzvi hweinjini.
Distributor kusashanda
Painjini ye carburetor, muparadzi, pamwe chete neginition distributor slider, anogovera yakakwirira-voltage simba rekuwedzera kumakenduru ega yega silinda. Kana imwe yevanoshambadzirana yakatsva kana kuvharwa netsvina, ipapo simba re spark ye silinda inoenderana richave shoma, izvo zvinowanzo tungamira kune chokwadi chekuti mota troit uye matanda kana gasi pedal ichidzvanywa kana mune mamwe modes. Dzimwe nguva kukuvadzwa kwekusangana hakuoneki panguva yekutarisa kwekuona kwechikamu: kupihwa mutengo wayo wakaderera, tinokurudzira kuchitsiva neitsva.
Inotaridzika kunge carburetor injini distributor
Kusashanda kweimwe yeiginition coils kana imwe yevanobatika
Injini dzejekiseni dzakashongedzerwa nemakoiri ekudzima akati wandei, nekuti izvi zvinokutendera kuti ubvise iyo archaic distributor uye gadzirisa kugoverwa kweakakwira-voltage pulses kuburikidza ne spark plugs uchishandisa yemagetsi control unit (ECU) yeinjini. Kana muchina wacho uchizununguka, iyo troit inomira nekuda kwekusashanda kweimwe yemakoiri, saka iwe unogona kuvatarisa ne tester nekuishandura kune yekupikisa shanduko modhi. Kune yekutanga mhepo, kuramba kwe 0,5-2 ohms kwakajairika, kune yechipiri 5-10 kOhm, zvisinei, data rakawanda rinofanirwa kutsvakwa mumagwaro ehunyanzvi emota yako.
Kana kushorwa kwechero ipi zvayo ye windings kwakasiyana neiyo inotsanangurwa mune zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi, ipapo coil yakashata uye inofanira kutsiviwa. Rangarira - kana kushorwa kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura chiyero, ipapo mamwe matende ekutenderera akavharwa kune mumwe nemumwe, izvi zvinounza kutyisidzira kwakakomba komputa, nekuti inogona kupisa kiyi transistors. Kana kushorwa kwechero mhepo kunooneka kwakakwira kupfuura mwero, saka pane imwe mhando yezvipingamupinyi pakati peiyo terminal uye waya yeronda, semuenzaniso, isina kubatwa. Izvi hazviiti kutyisidzira kuECU, asi chikamu chichiri kuda kutsiviwa.
Rimwe remajekiseni harina kunaka
Kana, kana gasi ichidzvanywa, jekiseni kana dhiziri muchina troit uye matanda, ipapo inotadza nozzle ndicho chinogona kukonzera. Hezvino zvinonyanya kukanganisa zvikamu izvi:
- kuderedzwa kwekubuda nekuda kwe resinous deposits;
- kusashanda zvakanaka kana kusaruramisa vharafu;
- kuputsika kana kupfupika kwedunhu remhepo;
- kukuvadzwa kwepiezoelectric element kana drive yayo.
Zvinenge zvisingabviri kuona kusashanda kwebhobho kumba, nokuti izvi zvinoda kumira kwakakosha, saka tinokurudzira kuonana nemafuta akanaka ane zvose zvinodiwa.
Kana imwe yemajekiseni yakanganisa, mota inopetwa katatu
Chii chaunofanira kuita kana mota ikatanga kufamba
Kune vazhinji varidzi vemotokari vasina ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, chikonzero nei masiteki emota nemataundi achiita seasinganzwisisike. Nekudaro, kunyangwe novice auto mechanic anoziva kuti ichi chingori chiratidzo chekunze chekuremara kweinjini. Nokudaro, pachiratidzo chekutanga chetatu, ita diagnostics, asi kana iwe usingazivi kuti ungazviita sei, kana iwe usina midziyo inodiwa, taura nevepedyo, uye zvichida basa remotokari rakavimbika. Mechanic ane ruzivo anozoona chikonzero mumaminitsi 5-10, mushure mezvo anozopa sarudzo dzekugadzirisa dambudziko.
Chenjerera kana kugumburwa kuchionekwa. Kana izvi zvikaitika nejini inotonhora, uye mushure mekudziya, kushanda kwakajairika kunodzorerwa, saka pane mukana wekupfuura ne "ropa shoma", kureva, kugadzirisa kuduku uye kusingadhuri. Mamiriro akafanana anoitika panguva yekusagadzikana idling, kazhinji inokwana kugadzirisa mota uye masisitimu ayo, mushure meiyo katatu ichanyangarika.
Kana chirema chikaonekwa mushure mekudziya, ndiko kuti, hot power unit troit, kugadzirisa kwakakomba kunokosha. Mushure mezvose, kuwedzera kune mavharuvhu akasungwa, ayo anoderedza zvishoma kudzvinyirira mushure mekudziya, kune zvimwe zvikonzero, iyo yakasanganiswa mhedzisiro inodzima imwe silinda kubva kune yakazara kushanda kweinjini.
mhedziso
Chikonzero nei troit yemotokari uye zvitoro zvinogara zvine chekuita nehunyanzvi mamiriro einjini uye mamwe masisitimu ayo (kupisa uye kugadzirira kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa). Naizvozvo, dziviriro yakanakisa kubva mukusashanda kwakadaro ndeyekuongororwa nguva dzose kwesimba remagetsi uye nekubviswa nekukurumidza kwematambudziko madiki.
