Sei mota ichimira pakufamba, yobva yatanga nekuenderera mberi
Zviri mukati
- Iyo injini nemafuta system inoshanda sei
- Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekutadza kweinjini paunenge uchityaira
- Nzira yekudzivirira sei mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro
- mhedziso
Kana iyo motokari inomira pakufamba, inobva yatanga, ipapo iyo ignition system inokanganisa inosanganiswa nekusaonana kwakashata, iyo inopera nguva nenguva, apo zvinhu zvose zvakakosha zvehurongwa huri kushanda. Kuti utarise iyo ignition system, pakarepo mushure mekunge injini yamira yega, edza kuitanga kwe20-30 masekonzi, uye tanga injini semazuva ese.
Chero mutyairi ane ruzivo akambosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu apo motokari inomira pakufamba, uye inotanga, uye izvi hazvina kuitika nemotokari yake. Saka, zvakakosha kune wese muridzi wemotokari kuti anzwisise kuti sei izvi zvichiitika uye chii chaunofanira kuita mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.
Iyo injini nemafuta system inoshanda sei
Kuti unzwisise hunhu hunoshamisa hwemotokari, unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti mota yayo inoshanda sei. Pasinei nerudzi rwemafuta, nheyo yekushanda kwechikwata chemagetsi inogara yakangofanana - musanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta unopisa mumasilinda, zvichiita kumanikidzika kukuru nekuda kwekubudiswa kwezvinhu zvinopisa. Iyi yakawedzera kudzvanywa inosundira piston yakananga ku crankshaft, zvichiita kuti iyo yekupedzisira itenderere munzira yaunoda. Kuenderana kushanda kwemasilinda, pamwe nehuremu hunorema hwe crankshaft uye flywheel, inova nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka kwemota. Isu takaongorora nyaya idzi zvakadzama pano (mota inomira isina basa uye nekumhanya kwakaderera).
Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekutadza kweinjini paunenge uchityaira
Imotokari yemotokari inhengo yakaoma kwazvo, iyo inoshandiswa iyo inopiwa nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana uye zvishandiso, saka, chikonzero chekumira kwechimbichimbi kunenge nguva dzose kukundikana kana kusashanda kwezvimwe midziyo. Mushure mezvose, zvakaoma kukuvadza zvikamu zvejini pachayo, uye kana izvi zvikaitika, kushanda kwayo kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya.
Pasina mafuta
Munhu ane ruzivo kana kunyange mutyairi ane mutoro anogara achitarisa huwandu hwemafuta mutangi, saka mafuta anogona kungopera semugumisiro weforce majeure, kureva, kumanikidza majeure mamiriro. Semuenzaniso, apinda mujamu yemotokari munguva yechando nekuda kwetsaona mumugwagwa mukuru, mutyairi anomanikidzwa kupisa mukati nekuda kwekushanda kweinjini. Kana chikonzero chekumisa kufamba chikakurumidza kubviswa, ipapo pachava nemafuta akakwana kuti aende kune imwe nzvimbo yegesi iri pedyo. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, hazvibviri kukurumidza kubvisa mugwagwa, kushandiswa kwemafuta kuchawedzera zvakanyanya uye zvingave zvisina kukwana musati wawedzera mafuta.
Chiratidzo chemafuta mumotokari
Vatyairi vasina ruzivo vanowanzokanganwa kudzora huwandu hwemafuta mumotokari, saka inoguma munzvimbo isingatarisirwi. Zvakanaka kana izvi zvikaitika pedyo nechiteshi chepeturu kana kuti mugwagwa mukuru wakabatikana, kwaunogona kukumbira rubatsiro kubva kune vamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa. Zvakaipa kana peturu kana imwe mafuta ichipera kure nenzvimbo dzinogara vanhu.
Kungobatsira kwechikonzero ichi ndechekuti mushure mekuwedzera mafuta, inokwana kupomba iyo mafuta system (pamotokari dzemazuva ano maitiro aya anongoitwa otomatiki, asi kune ekare unofanirwa kupomba mafuta nemaoko) uye unogona kuramba uchityaira.
Pombi yemafuta yatsemuka
Iyo pombi yemafuta inopa mafuta kune carburetor kana majekiseni, saka kana ikakundikana, injini inomira. Kune marudzi maviri emapombi akadaro:
- michina;
- magetsi.
Mechanically akashongedzerwa carburetor uye zvechinyakare motokari dhiziri, uye pane yekutanga yakashanda kubva camshaft yehumburumbira musoro (cylinder head), uye pane yechipiri kubva kune yakaparadzana drive inobatanidza iyo unit kune crankshaft pulley. Pamusana pekusiyana kwekugadzira, zvikonzero zvekukundikana zvaive zvakasiyanawo.
dhiyagiramu yekushanda kwepombi yemafuta
Kune carburetor injini pombi, zvinonyanya zvikonzero zvekutadza kweyuniti zvaive:
- yakanamatira check valve;
- membrane yakakanganiswa;
- chakasakara stock.
Pamapombi einjini yedhiziri, zvikonzero zvinowanzoitika zvekutadza zvaive:
- plunger pair yakasakara;
- bhandi rakatambanudzwa kana kuputsika.
Pamapombi emafuta emagetsi, zvinonyanya zvikonzero zvekumira ndezvi:
- oxidized kana tsvina contacts;
- wiring kana relay matambudziko;
- mhepo yakakanganiswa.
Mumunda, zvakaoma kuziva chikonzero chekukundikana kwechikwata ichi, asi pane zviratidzo zvakawanda zvinoratidza kukanganisa kwakananga. Kana mota yakashongedzerwa injini yejekiseni inomira pakufamba, yobva yatanga ichityaira ichienda, saka kazhinji chikonzero chakasviba / oxidized contacts, pamwe newaya kana relays, nekuda kwekuti pombi haigamuchire yakakwana voltage. uye ikozvino kushanda. Kana motokari ine carburetor injini matanda uye isingachengeti kukurumidza, asi carburetor yakanyatsorongeka, saka iwe unogona kuona dambudziko nerubatsiro rwemafuta dipstick - kana ichinhuwa peturu, ipapo membrane yakabvaruka. kana zvisina kudaro, saka kana hunde yakasakara kana kuti valve inonyura.
Pombi yemafuta inokanganisa
Chero kusashanda kwepombi yemafuta pamotokari dzine jekiseni kana dizeli injini zvinoreva kusakwanisa kuenderera mberi, zvisinei, varidzi vemotokari dzecarburetor vanogona kuenderera mberi nerwendo kunyange vasina kutsiva chikwata. Izvi zvinoda kagaba kadiki kasingaite mafuta uye hosi yehuni. Kana iwe uri muridzi wemotokari yecarburetor uye uchizviwana uri mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, enderera seizvi:
- dururira peturu kubva mutangi mumudziyo usingadziviri mafuta;
- kuiisa kuitira kuti iwedzere zvishoma pane carburetor;
- bvisa pombi yekugovera kubva papombi uye batanidza kune iyi mudziyo;
- bvisa pombi yekudzoka kubva papombi woivhara nebhaudhi kana neimwe nzira iri nyore uye yakavimbika.
Yakavharwa mafuta sefa kana kinked fuel line
Kana, paunenge uchityaira kukwira kana kutakura zvinhu, kukurumidza kunodonha uye motokari inomira, uye inobva yatanga uye inoenderera mberi pasina matambudziko kwenguva yakati, saka chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri sefa yakavharwa kana mutsara wakadzvanywa. Pamotokari dzecarbureted uye dzekare majekiseni, izvi zviri nyore kubvisa, nekuti sefa iri mukamuri yeinjini kana pasi pezasi, uye kuitsiva kunoda screwdriver kana peya yema wrenches.
Kuti uchinje sefa pamotokari ine carburetor, enda sezvinotevera:
- sunungura zvisungo kumativi ose echikamu chakaremara;
- yeuka nzira yemuseve inoratidza kufamba kwakarurama kwehuni;
- bvisa mapaipi kubva kumazano echikamu;
- isa sefa itsva;
- primisa pombi yemafuta kuzadza sefa uye carburetor.
Yakavharwa mafuta firita
Kutsiva iyo sefa chinhu pamushini wejekiseni, enda sezvinotevera:
- isa motokari mune neutral uye handbrake;
- bvisa pombi dzemafuta;
- kutanga injini;
- kumirira kusvikira yamira, yapedza mafuta ese, izvi zvinodiwa kuderedza kudzvanywa mumutsara uye rampu;
- simudza kumashure kwemotokari nejeki (izvi zvinongodiwa chete kana sefa iri pasi pezasi);
- gadzirisa muviri nezvitsigiro, kana pasina, bvisa vhiri kubva kudivi rakasimudzwa, uye bvisawo vhiri repakati kubva padanda uye uise pasi pemuviri, kana nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero pasina vhiri, woisa vhiri rekumashure. pasi pebhureki disc kana chigubhu;
- warai mubhedha;
- kupinda pasi pemotokari;
- sunungura mafiritsi nuts nema wrenches, kana akagadziriswa ne clamps, wobva wasunungura ne screwdriver;
- bvisa sefa yekare uye isa sefa itsva;
- simbisa nzungu kana zvisungo;
- reinstall vhiri;
- bvisa mota pajeki.
Rangarira: iyo sefa inovharika zvishoma nezvishoma. Saka, kana wawana zviratidzo zvekutanga kana pakusvika mileage yakarongwa (5-15 zviuru zvemakiromita, zvichienderana nemhando yemafuta uye mamiriro etangi), shandura iyo mugaraji kana kubata basa remotokari.
Mutsara wekugovera mafuta
Kana kutsiva sefa haina kubatsira, mota ichiri kumira pakufamba uye mushure mechinguva inotanga, ipapo mutsara wekugovera mafuta (mhangura, aruminiyamu kana simbi chubhu inopfuura pasi pemota) inogona kukuvara. Kana iwe uine gomba kana kusimudza, pamwe chete netambo yekuwedzera ine mwenje wakajeka, ipapo iwe unogona kuwana yakakuvadzwa chubhu iwe pachako. Kana iwe usina midziyo iyi, pamwe nekutsiva mutsara, taura nevebasa remotokari.
Wiring yakashata
Dambudziko rakadaro rinozviratidza sezvizvi - mota inongoerekana yadzima zvachose uye haipindure kune chero zviito, kusanganisira kushandura kiyi yekubatidza kana kushandura iyo alarm kiyi fob, uye kunyange chiridzwa chinopisa hachivheneke. Mushure menguva yakati, muchina unoerekana wauya kuhupenyu wega uye unoshanda zvakajairika zvakare kusvika pakuvhara kunotevera. Kana izvi zvikaitika kwauri, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti chirema chakavanzika chakaonekwa mumotokari yemagetsi wiring, iyo inongoonekwa chete pasi pemamwe mamiriro aungangodaro usingazivi.
Magetsi emotokari
Mumichina yecarburetor, iyo wiring yaive yakapusa, uye yaive nehushoma hwemabhuraki uye masisitimu, zvisinei, kutaridzika kweinjini dzejekiseni uye chigadziko chechinhu chitsva chakakonzera kunetsa kwakasimba kwechikamu chemagetsi chemotokari. Masisitimu matsva akaoneka, uye aivepo akatanga kuita mabasa aichimbova asina kujairika. Chinhu chimwe chinobatanidza masisitimu ese aya - anofambiswa nebhatiri (bhatiri) uye jenareta. Heano anonyanya kukanganiswa newaya anoita kuti mota imire pakufamba uye yobva yatanga:
- "nyika" yakaipa;
- kusangana kwakashata kwematerminals nemakumbo ebheteri;
- waya yakanaka yakakuvadzwa;
- boka rekubatana rekudzima moto rakakuvadzwa;
- iyo yekuchaja voltage haina kupihwa kubva kune jenareta;
- iyo yekubatika kweiyo inokwirisa block kana yemagetsi injini control unit (ECU) yakakuvadzwa.
Zvose izvi zvinokanganisika zvine chinhu chimwe chete zvakafanana - zvinoonekwa zvisingatarisirwi, uye zvinopera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti kunyange iyo oxidized terminal yekusangana kana yakatyoka tambo yepakati inotumira magetsi, asi kana mamwe mamiriro akamuka, conductivity yavo inokanganiswa, uye hapana kana imwe mota system inogona kushanda isina magetsi. Uyezve, mamiriro anotungamirira pakuonekwa kwedambudziko rakadaro anogona kuva chero chinhu kubva kune imwe tembiricha kusvika kune vibration kana kuwedzera kwemagetsi ikozvino.
Kuwana dambudziko kunoda ruzivo rwakadzama mumunda wemagetsi emagetsi uye ruzivo rwakakura mukuita basa rakadaro, pamwe chete nemichina yakasiyana-siyana, saka tinokurudzira kuti iwe pakarepo utaure nechitoro chakanaka chekugadzirisa motokari uko kune ane ruzivo rwemagetsi uye diagnostician.
Battery terminal
Kunze kwekusagadzikana kwekunamatira kunobata nemakumbo ebheteri, munyaya iyi zvakakwana kusimbisa nuts, asi kana makumbo akafukidzwa nemucheka muchena, zvino chenesa zvose zvinosangana nejecha.
Yakashata ignition system
Pasinei nokuti iyo ignition system chikamu chemagetsi emotokari yemotokari, iyo "umambo" yakasiyana, nokuti inodyiswa kuburikidza newaya kwete chete yakaderera (12 volts) kana chiratidzo, asiwo yakakwirira (makumi emakiromita) voltage. . Uye zvakare, iyi sisitimu inopedza simba shoma pane yekutanga kana mwenje, uye zvakare inokwanisa kushanda kunyange kana jenareta isiri kushanda uye bhatiri rinenge rafa.
Motokari ignition system
Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo ignition system yejekiseni uye carburetor michina yakafanana - pachiratidzo che sensor (zvisinei nerudzi rwayo), yakaderera voltage pulse inogadzirwa, iyo inodyiswa kuburikidza newaya kune iyo ignition coil. Mushure mokupfuura nepakati pecoil, voltage ye pulse inowedzera mazana enguva nekudonha kwakafanana ikozvino, zvino, kuburikidza ne high-voltage waya, pulse iyi inosvika pa spark plug uye inoputika nepakati pemhepo yakatetepa pakati pemagetsi, zvichiita spark. Diesel motokari dzinorambidzwa nehurongwa uhwu, nokuti mafuta mukati mawo anopisa mhepo inopisa kubva kune yakakwirira.
Kana iyo motokari inomira pakufamba, inobva yatanga, ipapo iyo ignition system inokanganisa inosanganiswa nekusaonana kwakashata, iyo inopera nguva nenguva, apo zvinhu zvose zvakakosha zvehurongwa huri kushanda. Kuti utarise iyo ignition system, pakarepo mushure mekunge injini yamira yega, edza kuitanga kwe20-30 masekonzi, uye tanga injini semazuva ese. Kunyange kana ikatanga, pakarepo dzima uye usunungure makenduru - kana imwe yakanyorova, dambudziko riripo mumagetsi ekudzima.
Pukuta spark plug nemhepo yakamanikidzwa, kana kuitsiva neimwe itsva, wobva waipinza muinjini wotanga injini, woidzima mushure meminiti. Kana iyo yose spark plugs yakaoma, ipapo kukanganisa kwakangoerekana kwaitika mumagetsi ekupisa kunosimbiswa.
Dzomoto chivhariso
Kuti uwane chikonzero chemaitiro aya emagetsi ekudzimisa, nyatso tarisa waya dzese uye mabatirwo ane chekuita nazvo, pamwe imwe waya yakaputsika uye, nguva nenguva, inomira kutumira magetsi. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kupfupi-seketi isina (ine yakasakara kana yakakuvadzwa insulation) pasi kana dzimwe waya. Dzimwe nguva, chinokonzera kukanganisa kwakadaro ndeye oxidized kana tsvina terminal, iyo isingapfuuri magetsi emagetsi zvakanaka, saka bvisa tsvina kana ngura kubva kwavari nechero yekuchenesa.
Kana zvakanga zvisingabviri kugadzirisa dambudziko racho pachako, motokari ichiri kumira pakufamba, inotanga uye inotyaira, uye zvikonzero zvemuitiro uyu hazvisati zvasimbiswa, taura nemotokari yemagetsi kuti uongorore zvizere hurongwa hwekudzima.
Air-fuel musanganiswa wekugadzirira system kusashanda
Kushanda kwakanaka kwejini kunogoneka chete kana chiyero chemafuta nemhepo chinopinda mumasilinda chinoenderana nemaitiro ekushandisa emagetsi emagetsi uye mutoro pairi. Iyo yakasimba kutsauka kubva pachiyero chakakwana, uye mune chero nzira, iyo injini inoshanda zvakanyanya, kusvika:
- basa risina kugadzikana;
- kudengenyeka kwakasimba;
- kumira.
Carburetor
Mune carburetor injini, chiyero chemafuta uye peturu mumusanganiswa zvinoenderana nejeti yakaiswa, saka shanduko yakakomba mune iyi parameter pasina disassembly carburetor haina kupihwa. Zvisinei, kunyange pamotokari dzakadaro, pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo motokari inomira uye haichengeti kukurumidza, kunyange zvazvo pasina munhu akashandura jets carburetor.
Iyo carburetor inoshanda sei
Hezvino zvikonzero zvikuru zvemaitiro aya:
- kubuda kwemhepo kusina kupiwa nekugadzirwa;
- tsvina yemhepo sefa;
- jet clogging;
- mwero wemafuta usiriwo mukamuri yekuyangarara.
Zvikonzero zvinonyanya kukonzera kubuda kwemhepo ndezvi:
- deformation ye carburetor chete;
- kusunungura nzungu kuchengetedza carburetor;
- kupera kwe carburetor gaskets;
- kukuvadzwa kwepombi, adapta, vharafu kana membrane yevacuum brake booster (VUT).
Hazvina kuoma kuona kubuda kwemhepo - kusagadzikana, kusvika pakumira, kumhanyisa kusingaite kunotaura nezvazvo, iyo kunyange kunze mushure mekudhonza mubato wekudhonza. Kubvisa kuyamwa, zvakakwana:
- shandura iyo carburetor gaskets (tinokurudzira kuita izvi kunyange kana yekare ichiita seyakajairika);
- simbisa nzungu nechisimba chakataurwa mubhuku rekushandisa (kazhinji 1,3–1,6 kgf•m);
- tsiva hose yakakuvadzwa;
- gadzirisa VUT.
Kuti uone mamiriro emhepo sefa, bvisa chivharo kubva pairi uye uongorore, kana isiri chena kana yero, shandura iyo. Kuti utarise iyo carburetor kune mamwe malfunctions, pamwe nekuabvisa, taura neane ruzivo minder, mafuta kana carburetor.
Air filter imba
Iwe uchawana rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama nezve kusashanda kweinjini dzecarburetor uye zvikonzero nei vachingomira pano (nei muchina wecarburetor uchimira).
Injector
Maumbirwo emusanganiswa ane chiyero chakakwana chemafuta nemhepo zvinoenderana nekushanda chaiko kwe:
- zvese sensors;
- ECU;
- pombi yemafuta uye njanji yekudzora vharafu;
- gasi kugovera nzira;
- kuvesa masisitimu;
- inoshanda atomization yemafuta nemanozzles.
Mazhinji emota idzi anozvimiririra anoona kusashanda kwechero chinhu kana system, mushure meiyo chiratidzo chekushaya simba chinovhenekera, icho chinonzi "cheki" (kubva kuChirungu "Check injini").
Chiratidzo chekushaya injini
Zvisinei, kuti uwedzere kuongororwa, unoda scanner (laptop ine mapurogiramu akakodzera uye adapta cable yakakodzera) uye ruzivo, saka tinokurudzira kubata nyanzvi yekuongorora kombiyuta.
Mechanical kukuvadza injini
Mechanical kukuvara kana kusashanda kwesimba remagetsi kunosanganisira:
- kubviswa kwevharuvhu kwakashata;
- akasvetuka bhandi renguva kana cheni yenguva;
- kudzvinyirira kwakaderera.
Kubviswa kwevharuvhu kusiri iko
Mushure mekutanga injini, mavharuvhu, senge zvimwe zvinhu zvegasi rekugovera gasi, zvishoma nezvishoma kupisa, uye sezvo tembiricha inokwira, hukuru hwavo hwemuviri hunowedzera, zvinoreva kuti chinhambwe chiri pakati pevhavha tappet necamshaft cam inoderedzwa. . Mukaha uripo pakati pekamera nemupusher unonzi kubvisirwa kwevharuvhu, uye nokuda kwekushanda kwakajairika kwechikwata chesimba, ukuru hwegomba iri hunofanira kuchengetedzwa nekururama kwemazana mashanu emamirimita.
Kuwedzera kwayo kuchaita kuti kuvhurika kusina kukwana kwevhavha, ndiko kuti, mavharuvhu achazadzwa nemhepo shoma kana musanganiswa, uye kuderera kwayo kunotungamirira kukuvhara kusina kukwana kwevhavha mushure mokunge injini inopisa. Muchiitiko ichi, kwete chete iyo compression inodonha, asi chikamu chemusanganiswa chichapisa mukati mehumburumbira musoro, izvo zvinotungamirira mukupisa uye kukurumidza kuparara kwejini.
Engine valve clearances
Kazhinji kacho, dambudziko iri rinoitika painjini dze carbureted uye injini dzejekiseni dzisina kugadzirirwa hydraulic lifters. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekuregererwa kusina kururama ndezvi:
- kuderera kunooneka kwesimba reinjini;
- kupisa kwakasimba kwechikwata chemagetsi;
- isina kugadzikana idling, kusvika pakumira.
Kuwedzera kwakasimba mugomba kunokwanisika chete nekuda kwekugadzirisa kusina kunaka kwemusoro we cylinder kana kugadziriswa kwevhavha yevhavha, kuitira kuti ubvise kukanganisa kwakadaro, taura chero upi zvake ane ruzivo rweminder kana auto mechanic.
Yakasvetuka bhandi renguva kana cheni yenguva
Nguva yacho inoumbwa nemaviri kana anopfuura (zvichienderana nerudzi uye dhizaini yeinjini) shafts, imwe yayo (crankshaft) yakabatana kuburikidza nekubatanidza tsvimbo kune ese pistons, uye yakasara (kugovera) actuate valve mechanism. Kutenda kumagiya uye bhandi kana cheni, kutenderera kwese shafts kunowiriraniswa uye mune imwe shanduko yecamshaft crankshaft inoita mabhindauko maviri chaiwo. Camshaft makamera anoiswa kuitira kuti mavharuvhu avhure uye avhare kana mapistoni anoenderana asvika mamwe mapoinzi. Nokudaro, kutenderera kwegasi kunoitwa.
Kana bhandi / cheni isina kusimba zvakakwana (kusanganisira yakatambanudzwa), kana mafuta achimhanya kubva pasi pechisimbiso cheshaft, ipapo kana gasi rikadzvanywa zvakanyanya kana injini yakabhurwa nekukasira, inogona kusvetuka zino rimwe kana anopfuura, izvo zvinokanganisa iyo yese. gasi kugoverwa kutenderera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, injini inorasikirwa nesimba zvakanyanya, uye kazhinji inomira isina basa kana yakaderera kumhanya. Imwe mhedzisiro isingafadze zvakanyanya yekusvetuka chinangwa kana shaft inogona kuve kukotama kwemavharuvhu, izvi imhaka yekuti anovhura panguva isiriyo uye anorovera muhumburumbira inosimuka.
Mavharuvhu akabhenda
Kana mavharuvhu asina kukotama, saka zvakakwana kuisa bhanhire kana ketani nenzira yakarurama (chero bedzi yakashandurwa munguva pfupi yapfuura) kana kuisa mune zvitsva, pamwe chete nekutarisa uye, kana zvichidiwa, kugadzirisa gungano rekunetseka. Kuti udzivise kusvetuka:
- tarisa mamiriro ebhanhire nemaketani, achivashandura zvishoma zvishoma pane zvinodiwa nemitemo;
- tarisa uye kugadzirisa panguva yakakodzera iyo tension system;
- tarisa mamiriro ezvisimbiso zvemashafts ose uye uvatsive kunyange kana pane kudonha kuduku.
Ita macheki aya pese paunenge uchishandirwa mota yako, kungave kuri kuchinja oiri kana kugadzirisa kwakarongwa.
Kudzvinyirira kwakadzika
Kudzvinyirirwa - ndiko kuti, kudzvinyirirwa muimba yekupisa apo piston inosvika kumusoro yakafa pakati - inoenderana nemiganhu yakawanda, asi chinhu chikuru ndicho chimiro chejini. Iyo yakadzikira kudzvanya, kunowedzera kushanda kwemota, kusvika pakusagadzikana kushanda kana kungoerekana kwamira. Zvikonzero zvinonyanya kukonzera kuderera kwe compression ndezvi:
- kupera kwemavharuvhu kana piston;
- kupfeka kana kukanganisa piston zvindori;
- kuputsika kwe cylinder head gasket;
- kusunungura mabhaudhi ehumburumbira.
Compressometer
Iyo chete nzira yekuona yakaderera compression ndeyekuyera iyo ine compression geji, uye inotenderwa yakaderera kukosha iyo iyo injini ichiri kushanda inowanzoenderana nerudzi rwehuturu iyo injini inofanirwa kumhanya nayo:
- AI-76 8 atm;
- AI-92 10 atm;
- AI-95 12 atm;
- AI-98 13 atm;
- dhiziri 25 atm.
Rangarira: iyi ndiyo yakaderera yekumanikidza chikumbaridzo, mushure meiyo yakagadzika kushanda kwemota kunovhiringidzwa, asi nekuda kwekushanda kwakanaka kweiyo unit, zviratidzo zvinofanirwa kunge zviri 2-5 zvikamu zvakakwirira. Kuona chikonzero chekutsikirira kwakaderera kunoda ruzivo rwakadzama uye ruzivo rwakakura, saka tinokurudzira kuti ubate minder kana makanika ane mukurumbira wakanaka wekuongororwa.
Zvikanganiso zvemutyairi
Kana motokari yacho ichishanda zvakakwana, asi motokari inoramba ichimira pakufamba, pasinei nokuti iri dizeli kana peturu injini, zvikonzero zvinogara zvichienderana nemaitiro emutyairi. Kushanda kwemotokari yemotokari kunonyanya kuenderana nekumhanya, kushanda kwakanyanya kunowanikwa pakati pepamusoro pe torque nesimba (avhareji ye3,5-5 zviuru rpm peturu uye 2-4 zviuru zveinjini dzedhiziri). Kana motokari ichifamba ichikwira, uye kunyange yakatakurwa, uye mutyairi akasarudza giya risiri iro, nekuda kwekuti iyo inomhanya yakaderera pane yakakwana, ipapo pane mukana wakakura wekuti injini inomira, isingakwanisi kutsungirira mutoro.
Optimal injini kumhanya
Chimwe chikonzero kusashanda kwakashata kwegasi uye clutch pedals panguva yekutanga kufamba, kana mutyairi asingatsikidzi gasi zvakakwana, asi panguva imwe chete akangoerekana abudisa clutch, simba remagetsi rinomira.
Nzira yekudzivirira sei mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro
Kuti mota isambokuregedza, yeuka mutemo mukuru - kana mutyairi achityaira mota nenzira kwayo, mota inomira pakufamba nekuda kweimwe mhando yekusashanda kwakaonekwa kare, asi nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero haisati yazviratidza. Nokudaro, usaregeredza kuchengetedza uye pachiratidzo chekutanga chekushaya simba, pakarepo ongorora uye kugadzirisa dambudziko racho. Kana iwe usingakwanisi kuzvifungira iwe pachako kuti sei motokari inomira pakufamba, taura nebasa remotokari rine mukurumbira wakanaka, ivo vachakurumidza kuona chikonzero uye kugadzirisa zvinodiwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, tinokurudzira kuti unyatsoverenga zvinyorwa zvinotevera:
- motokari inomira kana inopisa;
- Motokari inotanga uye pakarepo inomira painotonhora - chii chingava zvikonzero;
- Nei mota ichitenderera, troit uye zvitoro - izvo zvinowanzoitika zvikonzero;
- Paunodzvanya gasi pedal, mota ine injector matanda - chii chinokonzera dambudziko.
Mavari iwe unowana ruzivo rwakawanda runobatsira uye kurudziro iyo ichakubatsira iwe kushandisa mota yako nemazvo uye zvakachengeteka.
mhedziso
Kudzima kamwe kamwe kweinjini yemuchina paunenge uchityaira injodzi huru uye inogona kukonzera tsaona. Kuti udzivise kukura kwakadaro kwezviitiko, nyatso tarisisa mamiriro ehunyanzvi hwemotokari yako uye dzidza kuityaira nemazvo. Kana dambudziko ratovepo, edza kukurumidza kuona chikonzero chayo, uye wobva waita kugadzirisa kwakakodzera.
