Sei ruzha rwekuputika ruchinzwika kana uchitanga injini pane inotonhora
Zviri mukati
Chinhu chekuonekwa kwemazwi ekunze kana uchitanga injini kazhinji kusavapo kweinjini yekushanda kwakajairika maererano nemamiriro ekupisa, kuvapo kwemafuta eiyo viscosity inodiwa mumayuniti akaremerwa, pamwe nekutadza kweiyo. hydraulics kuti isvike pakumanikidzwa kwekushanda.
Asi dambudziko nderekuti sevhisi yemagetsi unit, kunyange kushanda zvakanyanya kupfuura zvakajairika, kusvika pakupera kwekudziya, haifanirwe kuita ruzha runovhiringidza muridzi nenzira yekugogodza, kurira uye kuputika.
Kuonekwa kwavo, pasinei nekunyangarika kunotevera, kunoratidza kutanga kwekufambira mberi kwekukanganisa kunotyisidzira kukanganisa kwakakwana.
Chii chinogona kugadzira rattle uye creak paunotanga mota
Iko kune chaizvo akawanda manzwi masosi sezvo paine mechaniki zvikamu muinjini uye zvakabatanidzwa. Naizvozvo, zvine musoro kusarudzira nhamba huru, inowanzo ratidzwa.
Starter
Kuendesa torque kubva kumota yemagetsi kuenda ku crankshaft, iyo retractor relay inofanirwa kushanda mune inotangisa, ipapo mabhurashi anofanirwa kuendesa ikozvino kune muunganidzi, uye iyo freewheel (bendix) ine giya rekutyaira inofanirwa kuita neiyo flywheel korona.
Saka dambudziko rinogona kuitika:
- pa low voltage ye-on-board network (yakabudiswa bhatiri) kana oxidized wiring terminals, solenoid relay inoshandiswa uye pakarepo inosunungurwa, maitiro anoitika cyclically uye anozviratidza muchimiro chekutsemuka;
- iyo bendix inogona kutsvedza, ichikonzera kurira mukubata kwayo;
- akapfekwa mapeji ebhendix magiya uye korona haizopi kubatanidzwa kwakavimbika, ichiita ruzha rukuru;
- manzwi ari muchimiro cherattle anozogadzirwa neyakapfekwa yemagetsi mota yemagetsi uye bhokisi regiya repasi.
Kugadzirisa dambudziko kunoenderana nenzvimbo yayo. Nyaya yakajairika ndeyekudonha kwemagetsi, unofanirwa kutarisa bhatiri uye kuvimbika kwevose vanobatana.
Power gozvo
Iyo pombi yekufambisa yemagetsi inofanirwa kugadzira kudzvanywa kwakakosha, zvichienderana neiyo viscosity yemvura inoshanda uye mamiriro ezvikamu munzvimbo inotonhora. Kupfeka uye kutamba kunotungamira mukukuya.
Chimiro chehunhu kuchave kuwedzera kwekurira kana iwe uchiedza kutenderedza chidhiraivho. Pachava nemutoro wekuwedzera papombi, iyo inowedzera vhoriyamu uye kuchinja chimiro chemheremhere.
Mabheyaringi
Zvikamu zvese zvinotenderera zvezvinamatidzwa zvinomhanya pamabearings, ayo anozopedzisira aita lubrication uye otanga kuparara.
Sezvo ichidziya, kutenderera kwemazinga uye ruzha runogona kupera. Asi kuonekwa kwayo pakutanga kunoratidza kuonekwa kwekuneta kwekutadza, kuputika kwezviparadzanisa uye kusunungurwa kwemafuta ekuzora.
Kana iwe ukaparadzanisa fanicha yakadaro, iwe unogona kuona iyo yakawedzera kucheneswa, mitsetse yegomba uye tsvina ine ngura panzvimbo pegirisi. Bearings kana magungano anotsiviwa, semuenzaniso, pombi kana rollers.
Alternator mabhandi uye nguva system
Bhanhire rinobatsira rinotakura magidhi rollers uye pulley yejenereta pachayo nekuoma kwayo. Iyo yakanyanya kusimba, iyo inokurumidza mabheya achapera, pamwe nebhandi pacharo. Iyo dhiraivha ichashanda neakakwira frequency jerks, iyo inozviratidza pachayo acoustically yakasimba, yakadzika tembiricha.
Kushushikana uye kutungamira rollers, bhanhire, mabheji ejenareta rotor, clutch yayo inoputika inoenderana nekutsiviwa. Kana iwe ukaita kugadzirisa muhurongwa hwakarongwa uye nekuisa yakakwirira-mhando zvikamu, saka chikonzero ichi hachibatanidzwe.
Pamichina yakawanda, camshafts inofambiswa nebhandi rine mazino. Inovimbika zvikuru, asi kusimba kunogumira.
Kutsiviwa kwakarongwa kweseti yebhandi, rollers uye pombi inokurudzirwa kamwechete pamakiromita zviuru makumi matanhatu. Hazvina kukodzera kuvimba nevagadziri vanovimbisa mileage ye60 zviuru kana kupfuura, izvi hazvigoneki, asi bhanhire rakaputsika richatungamirira kukugadzirisa kukuru kwemotokari.
Zvikamu zvemagetsi evhavha zvinogona zvakare kuve sosi yekugogodza. Iwo camshaft phase shifters anopera, valve thermal clearances inobuda kana ma hydraulic compensator haabate kudzvanywa kwaanoiswa.
Zvakawanda zvinoenderana nemhando yemafuta uye nekutsiviwa kwayo nenguva. Kwete 15-20 zviuru zvemakiromita, semirayiridzo inoti, asi 7,5, yakawanda 10 zviuru. Kupfuurirazve, oiri inodzikisira zvakanyanya, uye sefa inovharwa nezvigadzirwa zvekupfeka.
Chain tensioner
Mune injini dzemazuva ano, vagadziri vanoedza kudzikisa huwandu hwekugadzirisa, saka madhiraivha emaketani enguva ane hydraulic tensioners. Izvi zvigadzirwa mukati mazvo hazvina kuvimbika zvachose, kunze kwekuti, sezvo ketani inopera (haisi kutambanudza, sezvinofunga vanhu vazhinji, asi inopera), kugovera kwemutongi kunopera.
Iyo chain isina simba inotanga kugogodza, ichityora zvese zvakaitenderedza, tensioners, dampers, casings uye hydraulic compensator pachayo. Kutsiva kititi kunodiwa pakarepo, dhiraivha yose ichakurumidza kuparara, uye motokari inoda kugadziriswa kukuru.
Nzira yekuziva sei nzvimbo yekodha mujini
Mune diagnostics, pane zvakajairika zviitiko apo tenzi, nechimiro chezwi uye nguva yekuratidzwa kwayo, anogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti chii chaizvo chinoda kugadziriswa. Asi dzimwe nguva unofanira kunyatsoteerera injini. Acoustic uye emagetsi stethoscopes anoshandiswa.
Mavharuvhu ekuchenesa anonzwika zvakajeka kubva padivi pevhavha yepamusoro. Aya ma sonorous knocks ane frequency pazasi kumhanya kwekutenderera kwe crankshaft. Hydraulic lifters vanowanzotanga kugogodza pakutanga-kumusoro, zvishoma nezvishoma vachimira pavanozadza nemafuta ekudziya. Iko kugogodza kwemacamshaft mumabhedha avo kuri kuwedzera.
Iyo yekumhanyisa nguva inonzwika paunenge uchiongorora chivharo chemberi cheinjini. Kutanga kwekupfeka kwema roller kunozviratidza nenzira yekuchema uye kuridza muridzo, mushure mekuregeredza kudiwa kwekutsiviwa, inoshanduka kuita rattle, zvino vanoparadzwa zvachose nemhedzisiro inotyisa.
Attachment bearings zviri nyore kutarisa mushure mekubvisa bhanhire. Vanotenderedza nemaoko nema rolls anooneka emabhora akaremara, vachiita ruzha rwekugwedeka kunyangwe pasina mutoro, uye mupombi gap rinowedzera zvekuti harichabatiri mvura nebhokisi rayo rekuisa, madrip anotungamira kune maparts. yakakandwa ne antifreeze.
Mabhandi haafanire kutsemuka, kupepetwa kana kubvaruka. Asi vanochinja maererano nemitemo, kunyange kana vakatarisa vakakwana. Kukuvadzwa kwemukati kunotungamira kune imwe nguva yekuzorora.
Migumisiro
Kuoma kwemhedzisiro kunoenderana neiyo mota chaiyo. Zvimiro, vanogona kumira zvakanyanya kana kushoma kuparara kwezvikamu zvega, asi chero zvakadaro, izvi zvinoreva kudhonza kana tow rori.
Kana pombi dhiraivha ikatadza, injini inozongopisa pasi pemutoro uye kuwana zvibodzwa kana wedge yeboka repiston. Uku ndiko kugadzirisa kukuru, mutengo wayo unofananidzwa nemutengo wekontrakiti mota.
Zvinoenderana nematambudziko neiyo nguva yekutyaira, mota dzinowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita plug-in uye plug-in.
- Kwekutanga, kana kuwiriraniswa kwekamshafts kuchitadza, musangano wemavharuvhu ane piston haugoneke, mushure meizvozvo iwe unofanirwa kubvisa uye kuronga musoro weblock.
- Iwo echipiri anongomira, zvese zvichagumira pakutsiva iyo nguva yekutyaira.
Asi motokari yemazuva ano zvichida haina kudzivirirwa kubva kumusangano wakadaro. Economy inoda yakakwira compression reshiyo, hapana nzvimbo yevharuvhu yakanamatira mukamuri yekupisa.
Saka kukosha kwekugadzirisa panguva yakakodzera nekutsiviwa kusingaverengeki kwezvinhu zvinodyiwa - mabhandi, rollers, maketani uye otomatiki tensioners.
